1. By the end of this session, participants should be able to identify the most common causes of acute shortness of breath and describe the key underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. 2. Participants should develop the ability to conduct an effective patient interview, perform a focused physical exam, and interpret preliminary data (such as chest X ray, arterial blood gases) to diagnose the cause of acute shortness of breath. 3. Participants will be able to demonstrate vital procedures used in an acute setting such as cardiovascular examination, lung auscultation, and pulse oximetry under simulated conditions to assess the severity of the shortness of breath condition. 4. Participants will get an understanding of the general approach to managing such patients, including triage decision making and initial stabilization strategies. 5. The session aims to improve the ability of participants to communicate effectively and empathetically with patients experiencing acute shortness of breath, a commonly encountered medical emergency.