1. To understand and define the fundamental concepts and techniques underlying laparoscopic surgery. 2. To gain proficiency in the handling and manipulation of laparoscopic surgical instruments and equipment. 3. To analyze procedures for reducing complications and managing emergencies in laparoscopic surgery. 4. To demonstrate the ability to perform critical steps involved in common laparoscopic surgical procedures such as cholecystectomy or appendectomy. 5. To evaluate the impact of laparoscopic surgery on patient recovery and discuss the implications for postoperative care.