1. To understand and describe the basic anatomy and physiology of the eye, inclusive of the visual pathway, and be able to identify pathologies associated with different areas of the eye. 2. To learn and practice a systematic approach to examining the eye using an ophthalmoscope, identify abnormalities, and interpret findings in clinical context. 3. To comprehend common diseases and conditions of the eye, including their symptoms, diagnostic processes, and treatment options. 4. To demonstrate knowledge of emergency ophthalmological conditions, including how to recognize, manage, and when to refer such cases for specialist care. 5. To develop an understanding of recent advances in ophthalmology and their potential impact on patient care, incorporating findings from current research and case studies.