1. To develop a comprehensive understanding of the primary functions of the kidney and its role in maintaining overall human health. 2. To understand the pathophysiology and clinical presentations of common or significant renal diseases. 3. To identify the diagnostic methods for common renal diseases, including examination approaches, laboratory tests, and imaging techniques. 4. To learn about the various treatment modalities and the general principles of management for significant renal disorders. 5. To promote the development of critical thinking and clinical decision-making skills in relation to patient management with renal diseases.