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DIFFICULTY: HARD

A 55-year-old woman with a medical history of hypertension and chronic kidney disease presents to the emergency department with shortness of breath and swelling in her legs. She is currently taking furosemide for her symptoms. What is the mechanism of action of furosemide?

Increases excretion of sodium, chloride, and water

Reduces the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the proximal convoluted tubule

Suppresses the secretion of aldosterone

Prevents the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending limb of the Loop of Henle

Blocks the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the descending limb of the Loop of Henle