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OK. So I think we're live now. So, hi, everyone. Um Welcome to the Ophthalmology uh teaching session by Med Tech. Um We'll just give it a few minutes to see if um a few other people will join before um before starting. So we, we give it until about five past to start. Yes. Yes. OK. So, uh should, shall we start with the slides? Um So, uh yeah, we just introduced myself. So, um I'm Alex, I'm a fy one doctor in Manchester. Um My name is Shante. I'm an fy one doctor also in Manchester as well. So, we're gonna talk about ophthalmology today. Um And we've broken it down into six, main categories. Um We're obviously gonna do the structure that I'm sure you guys are familiar with now where we uh we do 10 multiple choice questions. Um We sort of give you guys the question to give you time to answer and then we're, we're show the answer and then go over the um the topic. Um talk about the topic. I mean, just when you're thinking about when you're trying to be methodical with your ophthalmology questions, start to look at the presentation and begin by breaking it down into if it's an acute or um chronic condition. So like gradual, um, or sudden presentation if it's a red eye or not a red eye, um, and if it's painful or not painful, um, and then of course, sight's important, but, um, with almost all conditions, um, sight will be impaired. So that's not necessarily like a, you know, like a, the type of vision loss. So say if it's like the periphery or um sort of like color vision loss that can be helpful. Um And as well as if it's bilateral or unilateral, er, so try and be like methodical going through er the presentations to, to get your differential diagnosis list. So we'll start with the first question here. So we'll put pole out. Yeah. Yeah. Yes. Yeah. It, yeah. Yeah. Ok. So we'll share the answer. So watchful waiting. Um So hopefully, um you managed to work out the diagnosis, which is a conjunctivitis. So just looking at the presentation, so it's an acute um presentation of red eye um isn't particularly painful um which I guess is important here for sort of um coming down your differential lists, other key parts of the history. So the fact that he's had like creal symptoms um leading up to this and then on the examination sort of the serious discharge and the blood short conjunctiva, um conjunctiva, sorry, as well as the swollen lymph nodes um will help you sort of with the management. So it's sort of leaning towards a viral cause for his conjunctivitis rather than bacterial. Um And we go through um sort of the different types of conjunctivitis and treatment. So, with bacterial um conjunctivitis, you more get like a thick pleur and discharge, um which is different from the serous discharge. So more like just watery discharge that the kid had, which is more indicative of viral. Um So if it is bacterial and this is usually a diagnosis made just clinically from how they present, um you treat them with um topical chlorophenol, usually, which is a uh an antibiotic. Um However, with viral conjunctivitis, um it's very common. Um Usually there's like a preceding viral um which sort of this um was present in this um case as well as sort of like power wall tender lymph nodes like periauricular cervical. Um So you would treat this viral um supportively. Um which is so, so essentially, the question was getting you to determine if it was bacterial or viral. You also can get allergic, um which is just like hay fever or dust. Um And just with the presentation, it didn't seem like there was, it was like an allergic cause you didn't have any history, it was sort of like quite sudden. Um So it wouldn't be suitable to treat with like topical um antihistamines or topical mast cell stabilizers. Um Conjunctivitis is usually something you don't need to refer to ophthalmology, the only um sort of, if it's resistant to treatment, then you definitely would. Um And the other reason you might is or you definitely do is in neonatal conjunctivitis. So, conjunctivitis in the 1st 30 days of life um because it's likely um caused by gonorrhea which would need. So, so that's an urgent ophthalmology referral. Ok. So just speak about some other um oh, not, not a question quite yet. Um But um just some common um other conditions. So, blepharitis which is um inflammation of the uh lid margins. Um So sort of like dry um crusty, um sort of like um eyelid margins um associated with acne rosacea and also seborrheic dermatitis and it's al almost like those seborrheic dermatitis symptoms, but just on the um on the eyelid margins um can be a can also have um staph infections with that as well. Um A sty is a infected my gland and they're paying for.