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um, lectures will be, um, great. So I think we will aim to make a bit of a start. So the structure for the evening and we've got to borrow and Amelia, who are going to be, um, the two medical students' one in their first year and one in their final year who are going to giving you a bit of a summary about what it's like to be a medic. Students. And then I've got Wendy joining us again. Who's an education educational facilitator and ODP and Bristol with me. And then I've got, um, Gavin and Constantine in, um, Glenn Field and Lester who are perfusionist and, uh SCP. So, hopefully, if all of those acronyms don't make sense to you now, they will by the end of the event. And hopefully I'll have a better idea about the different kind of healthcare corrodes you can go into. So, without further a do, I will stop sharing screen, and I will hand over to Amelia and Bavaria. Um, I will share. Sorry. Mhm. All right. It's just loading. No worries. If anyone has any questions throughout the event, please feel free to pop them in the chat and we'll try and answer some of them as we're going along. Oh, there we go. Um, so I guess I'll start. Can everybody hear me? Yeah. Yeah. Um, so, yeah. Uh, tube area and the finance. You Hence where? In my book. Because I just left the ward. Um, I'd go and, uh, me and Amelia to talk to you about being a medication so she can make an introduction. Oh, hi. I'm not sure if you can hear me, because everyone else seems to be breaking up, so I don't know whether that's me or so we can't be Okay. Fine. Perfect. Yeah. So it's very said mine is a media. And the first year medical student at Manchester, Um, I started medicine as a graduate, so already done biomedical sciences at the University of leaves, and I am at home because I'm a first year next line. Okay, so thanks. All joining today. So this is a bit more about me. I'm finding the medical student said I'm also on the S C. T s student commit. I'll be, uh, how we call it. Uh, I also, uh, leads NBC HP. So I'll put my email address at the end of this talk and if any, Um, if you have a question specifically about, uh, I'll try, I can, um and also just a bit about my I really love, um, Children out surgery and I pass it over to me. Ju Verria. Sorry. Your voice is a little bit crackly. I don't know. I don't know if it's better to. Maybe, like, turn your camera or you'll pop your headphones in just cause it's a little bit of echo is just give me a moment. Is this any better? Yeah, that's much better. Yeah, OK, lovely. So the airports worked, So I was just saying that my interest is Children's heart surgery, and I'll hand over to Amelia so she can talk a bit about herself. Um, yeah. Sorry, I didn't have a nice life paired. You just have to look at my face and the little square at the bottom. But yeah, mine isn't really our first year. I'm also on the student committee, um, as well as Kirsty, Um although that we are due to end our time on the committee in the summer. Um, my I'm interesting. Congenital cardiac surgery as well, But I'm also exploring my options because I'm quite early on in medical school and it's important. Especially, uh, your guys are stage and and I'm I always keep an open mind about what you might be interested in, but yeah, that's that's me. Um, next. Yeah, there we go. So I thought I'd put a bit of a day in the life. I know it's quite boring, and you've probably seen this before. And to be honest, it's so different a day in the life of a medical student. When you progress through the years, a day in the life of a first year medical student will be different from a third year or fifth year. But for me, because I'm in my final year, my, um, days quite clinical. And when I say a clinical, I just mean I'm in the hospital a lot of the time, Um, so I usually wake up about 6 38 o'clock. At the moment I joined the ward. I mean, e d. At the moment, they're usually be award rounder. About nine, um, have lunch, and then in the afternoon, that's sort of ward jobs. So things like blood tests or investigations like X rays, imaging or discussing patient's with other specialties is usually done in the afternoon and in the morning. When you have the ward round, that is sort of like a formal discussion with all the doctors and everyone else who's being trained. So, like, um, if you're a doctor, any time between when you finish medical school and you have a consultant jobs, all of those people come together and we talk about a patient talk about why they're in hospital. Have there been any diagnoses that have been made and what we need to do in order to treat that patient? So that's basically all it is. And then I usually leave around 4 30 then in the evening. It's not always study. Sometimes I study, but I also do things that go to the gym and like social activities as well. So so that was the more clinical aspects. So that's typically for me is 3 to 5, depending on which medical school, Um, but this is actually my like week timetable for this week just simplified a bit, um, so there's quite a few lectures, although at the medical school that I'm at, it's not really lecture based Use a system called PBL, which something you might have heard about, which basically means you have to sort of do a lot of it yourself, which I personally really like, because I have the first two things like that main time and use lots of different resources. I don't really find sitting in a lecture theater that beneficial for my learning. Um, so you can see I've got a fair few lectures. I've got the replacement on Thursday, which is good to get early clinical experience and then some of other things as well. Like doing this talk society meetings, running, um, relaxing. So, Yeah, a little bit more varied from day to day, but just a sort of typical university timetable that you might imagine yourself doing as a university student. Um, so can you hear me? Yeah. Um, so this is a picture of lords. Basically. Me, I I put this picture in just because I wanted to debunk, Um, a lot of the things that you might have heard about being a medical student. Um, this is me sort of social events, conferences and sort of work related things, but actually, having lots of fun. Um, so the one on the bottom is in the Netherlands. Um, first, I was invited to a conference, the one on the left hand on the bottom as me on my elective. So I just wanted to show you that being a medical student is quite fun. And even when you go to work events or do things related to work, it's also really fun if you enjoy what you're learning about. Yes. Okay, so I'll start. Um, I'll talk about about this slide. So at the moment at this year, there's 30 T universities in the UK that offer a medical degree, and this can be from 4 to 6 years. Um, yeah. Um and so it's usually four years postgraduates, a postgraduate means when you studied a degree before a lot of the courses. At five years, it leads. Medicine is five years and some years have, uh, six years degree. And this is places like Oxford and Cambridge, where they traditional courses in, um, respect that they split the course up into three years of preclinical. So this is the sort of sciences biochemistry aspect of medicine. And then the last 23 years more clinical. And when I say clinical again, this is all related to seeing patient and actually seeing disease and processes in real life in people. Um, so you apply. You can apply to up to four. And this was true when I applied. Um, and then one has to be a non medical course. Um, and then you there's different types of medical degrees. Um, there's PBL, which media mentioned nothing that's at Manchester. There's integrated, which is, uh, leads. And this is when, um, you see patient's very early on. And this is in addition to learning all the pre clinical sciences stuff from very early on in the course. And lastly, there's a traditional courses which is offered in places like, uh, Oxford and Cambridge, Um, and then a bit about tuition fees. So it's 92 50 at the moment for me, and it's been funded by student finance England and the last two years actually funded by the NHS. So, Emilia, would you like to add anything? Yeah. Sorry. Joy just cut out for me and didn't pass me. I just Would you like to add anything? Oh, no. I think you covered all of that. Amelia, would you like me to do what you call it? The slide? Yeah, I'll do the one afterwards about them. Graduate. So I just wanted to put a bit about alternative routes to medicine. So you hear about this traditional medical school courses, and I'm not sure if you went on the website of the universities, but you'll see the sort of thing that they all have in common. Is this three years requirements or three A grades at a level. Um, and I just wanted to make you aware that there's also access to medicine, um, courses. So if you go on the medical Schools Council website so MSC if you type this in Google, there's a tab where you can search all the medical schools that offer this. And I urge you to look into this if you fulfill the WP criteria and often they added, your, um they call it an access here to medicine, so it makes it instead of five years, six years. But the grids stay lower. The entry goods, these usually to be or air B B. So this if you qualify for this, um, please do look into it. So you broke out for me again, so I don't know if she's finished. Yeah, I think she has. Okay. Perfect. Yeah, I'll just go on a little bit about another alternative route, which is the route that I took, which is graduate entry. And so when I was at school, I didn't want to be a doctor at all. My levels were physics, French and psychology. So really nothing that I could have done medicine with. Um I also do especially well, so actually went through clearing. So I really just have no idea what I was doing with my life at that point. Um, that's okay. Like I think when I was at school, I felt kind of pressured that I had to have everything sorted out. And I needed to start, you know, when I was 18 and stay on that career. But I actually changed degrees three times during my undergraduate degree and ended up doing biomed, which I didn't have any available for. But we'll let me on anyway, which I couldn't recommend as a vote review, because it doesn't guarantee work every time, but usually if you've done a year of another science university they're pretty flexible. If you want to change after the second year, the only exception that is transferring onto medicine because you can't really do that. Um, so for graduate entry, there's two different routes. The first one is the four year graduate entry medicine course. Um, so this just takes a year off, um, exams. The application side is pretty much the same as undergraduate, but some unions want you to do the GAM sat, which I avoided like the plague, because it is a very long and horrible exam also cause a lot of money. Um, it's also funded by student finance because it's seen as a postgraduate degree, and you normally just needed to one in something related to, like biomed or pretty much any of the science. Few of my friends do engineering maths, and they got in, and it's really, really competitive, so you can see the applications for a place that 1 to 16. Um, so it's a lot harder to get into than your typical undergraduate course. So, like me, I applied to a mixture of both, and I'm currently on the five year undergrad course, um, Manchester. So I I did. I sat the UK and be mad, but not the gum stuck. The disadvantage to graduate entry is that it's not funded by student finance because it's another undergraduate degree. So you do have to pay, like 9200 something pounds yourself, which, um, having already done four years of uni is a struggle. Um, you just do. You do still get a maintenance loan, which which helps with living costs. But, yeah, you do have to fund that twisting. Feed yourself. There are some grant out there if you're any access. Um, there's ways around it, but it is a little bit more tricky again. You just need a B sc, um, to one level or something related. And it's just the normal sort of one one person for one place for four or five people. Um, and just a little thing at the bottom there that there's no rush. There is no right way only your way. And what was meant to be will be. I told myself that a lot because I took. I'm actually the same school years you've area, but obviously like she's that final year in that first year. So sometimes it can be a bit frustrating thinking. Oh, I could sort of be the end of medical school now and sort of earning. But this is the way that I got into it, and that's the right way for me. So, yeah, just to say that Don't worry if you haven't got everything figured out or you're not sure of medicines for you because if it doesn't happen at 18 months, not to say that it will never happen so high again. Can you hear me? Yeah, that's good. Good to hear. So, um, in terms of the application process, I'm not sure of how much you read into it. But there's something called the UK Pat and the B mat. Um, test. And this is something you sit prior to entering medical school. Um, I think the B mat in November and the UK cat you would do this summer if you're a year 12 student. These are so aptitude tests the UK kick out. I have to sit because I have to admit, because I do. I did sit both of them. It's very random. There's, um, sections like abstract reasoning where you looked at, look at different ships and you try to find, like a commonality between all of them. So it's like pattern recognition, whereas the and then there's also things like verbal reasoning and situational judgment, which so you can read into, um. And then there's the be map. Um, and that's another test. And you have to check which medical schools require each one of them. So it leads. Requires be mad. And then, I think when I was applying, Newcastle required UK cap, so I don't both anyway, be Matt is Martha sort of science Science Applied sciences test. Um, there's loads of books out there. I used books for each of them. There's an I S C. One. I think I used the UK car, um, and then beat for the Beamer. I used the official revision guide, Um, and then also in the Beamer. You have to write an essay as well. That's one of the sections, Um, and then also your personal statement. This matters to varying degrees. Um, with the different universities. Um, in your personal statement, you would write about your work experience, your hobbies, and the main thing about this is it's not necessarily what you've done, but it's how you reflect on it. So I had a friend that work McDonald's that got, um, that is that medical school now, but this is sort of merely the only thing they don't. But they learn so many skills. And they reflected really well on what that was like in terms of leadership and resilience, even and teamwork, and applied how it would be skills would benefit them as a doctor. Um, and I think this is particularly important in the age of when you don't really. It's hard to find a work experience after the pandemic and everything like that, and then interviews can either be mm I, which is a bit like speed dating. You move around different stations and you have multiple short interviews. And then you can also have a traditional panel interview whereby there's 2 to 3 interviewers and they ask you questions. The interviews again. I used books, um, and I s C one again, um, and then read into the G M. C Good medical practice document and also just practiced with friends discussing like medical articles and be on the BBC news app on my phone and then, lastly, a level grades as well. Um, it's usually three years, but it can be below this, um, depending on on which medical school you go to and, um, if they've got extra spaces available. So one of my friends, um, was given a three years offer, but because leads at that time, they have, um I think most of the students that they offered three the three years to didn't, um, take the offer up. They offered her a place, even with a B. So this is not a hard and fast rule. Um, and my advice would would would be to be tactical. So if you've done particularly well in one aspect of the application process such as the UK cattle, personal statement or interviews, um, well, not necessarily interviews because they usually short list you based on you can be applied to those medical skills. Um, and then find admission policy for each medical school that you want to attend. And this will guide you, um, towards your preparation. And we'll ensure that you you give yourself the best chance. Um, and then just be aware of the deadline. The the deadline for medicine. Veterinary sciences. Uh, and, um, Oxford is earlier than the normal ucas cycle. Yeah, so that's everything from me I just was gonna add on just on the back of that, the bi mats actually stopping this year. So this cycle is October or November 2023 will be the last year that they are doing the B map. Um, so if you're planning on applying the year after so 2024 have a look. Um, because you're basically to be matte, so I'm not sure which other exam they'll roll out or if anyone is, or if they're just gonna Do you have the Yeah, the B map. The last cycle is this year. Thanks for that, Amelia. I wasn't aware, actually, Um, it's a personal statement. So this is just, uh this echoes what I've just said. The way I would think about is what is your unique selling point, and this will be different for every person. But I think I'm showing individuality is a good thing because everyone will probably write like that. They want to do medicine since a young age. But if you talk about what specific what experiences you have had and what makes you want to become a doctor, I think Try to forget about everyone else. I think this is where you you really shine and you set yourself apart from the rest of the applicants again. The G M C. Good medical practice is a document that that you read a medical school that's unintended for doctors. But I think you added you to read it because it allows give you a good understanding of what expected to be a doctor. And there's loads of sort of buzzwords that that you should know of, like multidisciplinary, multidisciplinary team resilience. Things like that. And it will allow you to become familiar with those so you can sort of echo them in your interview and then your application. Again. Reflection is very important and try to get a work experience, a different setting. So I don't know. I worked a hospice, volunteered for a week, but then also a charity shop as well, and that was really easy to get. I think I just walked into the British Heart Foundation is like a furniture, electric and electrical store and asked if I could volunteer and this was really easy. So I just put some key skills down there as well. Um, and some things you could do in order to gain those. And I'll hand over to Amelia. Yeah. So I put in this quote because I really love it, because I think a lot of, um, personally for me, my medical school journey and applications journey was about believing of myself. So whether you think you can or you can't, you probably right. But I think for me, my experience was that the hardest part of medical school was getting in. Um, and then after that, it just obviously have to put the work in. But it does become a lot easier, I think. Next slide, please. Yeah, and these are just some free resources. So I've mentioned already the admission's policy. So this is the one for, you know, Newcastle University. These are really transparent documents. I urge you all to read for the medical schools. You're interested in attending again the Medical Skills Council. Um, this is a really good website that lists all the sort of interview types and the types of courses that are offered in the UK. So whether that be PBL integrated or, um traditional and then lastly I think there's some really nice like in this area era like vlogs and things on YouTube. And, um, I watched a few when I was applying, and I think this allowed me to reflect on mistakes, mistakes and experiences of other people that apply for medical school. So I I found that quite useful. Um, next slide, please. Yes. So that's it from that's it from me. I'll hand up to a media in a moment. My email address is there and also my Twitter. So if you have any specific questions, I want to get any help with anything. Um, please just give me a message and I'll try to help help you out as best as I can. And I'll hand over to Amelia now. Thanks. Yeah, just to retake what Chavarria said. Um, you're figure to contact me as well. I'll put the email in the checks on the slides. Um, but yeah, I don't really have anything else to add, so I feel like we have covered as much as we can in the time. But yes, send either as an email or put questions in the chat, and we'll be more than happy to answer. And I hope you enjoy this evening's event. Perfect. Thanks so much. Both of you. Um, so I don't think there's too many questions in the chat at the moment, so I think we'll try and move on. Um, I probably I've realized that I didn't introduce myself at the start. I know that, um, Jabbari needs to head off. So Amelia's in her first year, But I have just started my first year as a junior doctor. Um, so I'm also happy to answer any questions, um, in the various absences, then actually needs to head off back to the ward. So please feel free to pop them in the chat, and we'll answer them as we go if anyone's got anything specific. But I think what's really interesting. Just before I hand over to Wendy, I popped a couple of polls in the in the chat just at the end, while everyone was talking, basically asking if anyone had heard of the roles of our speakers, Um, for the rest of the evening, and the majority of the answers were know. So I think, actually, um, that's a really good place to start, um, in a lot of you haven't heard of any of the careers that we're going to talk about tonight. Um, and I think probably that's something. I was exactly the same before I started medical school and probably admittedly, even now. And when I started work a lot of these careers, I don't fully understand their roles within the hospital. And I think that's something we could all, um, understand a bit better. Um, So I'll hand over to Wendy, who's going to give us a bit of an overview of some of the roles within theater. And I know has spent a lot of time interviewing her colleagues from their perspective of their roles. Um, so I'll just share Green. Um, sorry for my With meat. I'll be back. Okay. Can you see that? All right. And I'll share it properly in a second. I'm just gonna meet myself. Mhm. So good evening. Um, it's nice to kind of see all these questions, but also, what's really interesting is that many of them you're not heard of an operating department practitioner. Um, and also the perfusionist and the, um, scrub. So, um, I kind of do a little bit about myself. I think Just a little quick introduction. So, uh, I'm a clinical education facilitator for all. I don't theaters across the Bristol sites. Um, we look after the, uh, anybody that comes into theaters. Really? So that starts with junior doctors, Um, new doctors that are coming through. We also look after nurses know students. Um, any members of new staff that come in so reporters, healthcare support workers, and we go from sort of down below right up to the top. Really? All of them. Equally important. Um, but also makes my job very interesting. Um, and something I thought I'd never be doing. Um, whilst I was an OTP beforehand, so as an O. D. P. Before, um, I started quite late in life. Um, I had my Children, um, quite young, so I didn't know what I wanted to do. So Children was the route I went and then went into just kind of fell into my job, which I think you're kind of going to hear from the interviews that I did. Most of us kind of do just fall into where we go, um, and end up loving what we do. So that's a little bit of an introduction, and we'll go a bit further and deeper into that as we go along. So this is Kim? She's my boss. She makes my tea in the morning. Um, so I'll just let, uh, say what she's gonna say. I just ask you some questions, and here's the answers. Um, I don't think there's any sound coast Don't know if you're over. Oh, sorry. Is it? It might be because I was muted. Sorry. I wasn't aware. I can't see the screen. OK, give me two seconds. Um, that's what it was working before. Let me try again. Um, in the meantime, does anybody have any questions for Wendy? Uh, can you hear that? Uh, correct. Yeah. Yeah. Okay. I think it's cause I was muted. Sorry. Okay, we'll start again. Um, hi, Kim. You can hear. Okay. Can you just tell us? Okay. By you and your career to date, I'm a corruptive educator and electoral for a university close by, um, which predominately teaches people to be perioperative practitioner within the implementation. Lovely. So why did you choose this career? Um I kind of fell into this career. I was VP beforehand, and I felt that I could do more and I liked education. So I did my diploma education. And then I did my counselor in education and then, uh, and then went on to become electorate university. Lovely. So if you couldn't do this job, what would you be doing? Too bad. And what did you have to overcome to get this position? Um, what have to overcome, I think, initially is you've got to have self belief in education. You've got to believe that you can understand what the students want, how they can achieve it, and in the best interest, how you can help them support them to get this wrong. Or they're wrong. Perfect. And what is the most rewarding part of your role for me? It's seen the students progress from that scared Bambi deer that falls over, and it doesn't feel they can achieve to being on stage and getting their diploma, their degree, their qualification. There's nothing more rewarding to seeing someone that doesn't have self belief to get their qualification. Lovely. Thank you, Kim. Wendy, I didn't know if you wanted to say anything else. On top of what Kim whole added, Um, all I can say is she was actually my mentor and my lecturer when I joined my GP course back in 2000 and five. Um, it was a two year course back then a diploma. We have no progressed and it's on to a degree course now. Um, but yes, she she was my lecturer as well, and she supported me for the last however many years. So it's quite It's quite weird that we're actually working together, though, but we work well together. So it's good if you could add a little bit more about kind of what the day to day is like as an as an O. D. P. Because I guess being an education facilitator is a little bit further down the line for the students that are listening. What kind of is the application process for becoming an ODP now, And what kind of things do you do on a day to day? So the application process, um, you is either direct entry so you can apply directly to the universities that support the ADP course. Um, if you're already working in a trust, we most offer an apprenticeship scheme. Um, so you work alongside, um together um, direct entry and apprenticeships we've got in the same groups. Um, you predominantly just work in theaters. So we help the the cysto with on the anesthetic side. So, um, then we can do scrub as well. So we do a lot of scrub working in all specialties. And then there's also recovery pack you elements elements to that as well. Um, some hospitals you can perform all three of your disciplines, some sort of kind of do one or two, some. Just one. Um, I've always done three, so I've always done all of them. Um, just mixes it up a little bit, That's who are Day will start at around eight o'clock, and we'll set up in whichever area that we are in. We get a bit of a handover from the doctors, Um, as to what our caseload is like and what we've got coming into theaters, we just prepare everything that we need to prepare the anesthetic side. If we're an aesthetically, um, scrub side, we will prepare all the instruments that we need and just liaise and make sure that we have got everything that's needed for the day. Um, and a Q, which is the post operative care unit. We just set up the base, and then we wait for our patient's to come out and help them with their pain and assess their A to ease and hopefully get them back to the ward quite quickly. Not any department, quite quickly back to the words that they can hopefully stop moving around and get better and get home and start living life again. And I guess because you're the only person you couldn't interview yourself and you're in a very similar role to Kim. Now, what would you say your favorite part about? I guess both parts of your career has been, um, so very much the same as Kim with the education side, it is lovely. I mean, we've got our, um So I started as our first year started of the degree course with the university that we're at at the moment. And, um so it's kind of nice, sort of seeing them grow through what they're doing. But as an ADP, it was known that you've you've just done a good job. You know, you've you've helped that patient to be able to live a better life if you like after? I mean, dependent on what the surgery entails on what's what sort of surgery is in the outcome. But generally, it's nice to know that you've, you know, you've done everything you can for that person and given them the best possible experience possible. Thanks. Is that thanks. At the end of the day? Yeah. You can't beat it. No. So if I skip on to the next one Oh, there we go. So packing is a little bit. You were kind of touching on that there, weren't you? It's kind of the post operative care, Um, so looking after patient's when they've come out of their surgery. So if I start the interview here All right. So you can you just tell me a little bit about yourself and your job role? I have an honest by profession. I graduated back in in jail and just came here like, uh, 14 years ago, so yeah, just kind of still got the needles and else perfect. So why did you choose the career that you've chosen just to help paper each other? Uh, job looking for the sit down? Maybe, uh, if you couldn't do this job, what would you be doing? Oh, just Just okay. Some business. Yes. Thank you. And what did you have to overcome to get your position here? Oh, so many things. Yeah. Constable, the English government when I came here, Uh, what is the most rewarding part of your role? The patient's keep up their satisfaction. Uh, when, you know, like, at the end of they when the patient can discharge from our award and they said thank you. That is the most amazing part. Yeah, um, so I can't see the chat at the moment, but I don't know if anyone's got any questions about any of the interviews so far, and hopefully we can answer them as we're going through. I think one of the things we touched on before Wendy was about the difference between the kind of nursing side of things and the ODP side of things. And how does not neces? There is a bit of an overlap, but they are. You don't necessarily have to be a nurse to do the other thing. Can you explain that a little bit more? Yeah. So, within nursing, um, you do a placement in theaters. So which is about nine weeks long, I think. But, um, not everybody chooses to do that. Um, and it's kind of just a case of I always like in theaters to actually Marmite. So it's either you love it or you hate it. Um, and I think with nurses that are fact student nurses, particularly as we find that, um, they either love it or they hate it. Um, it's not always there First choice of where they want to come after they've qualified. Um, but we do get the odd one or two that comes in. So the difference between the nurse then and the ADP is with an ADP. We're ready to go once we qualify. We just get on with it. Um, were placed in theaters, and that's it. You're up and running. There's a little bit of support, but not much. They kind of feel like we've been doing it for three years. Just get on with it. Um, with a nurse, obviously they have their perceptive ships and all that kind of stuff, so and they have to learn the role so they will look so they come in as a scrub practitioner predominantly and or a pack Eunice with the anesthetic side, they have to do an extra course. Um, something that we do actually offer. Um, it's a 4 to 6 month course, and you will just be, um, supported in anesthetics, um, for that length of time and do some skills and lectures and an essay and some more skis to go to get you through, but yeah, so it's kind of a top up for an anesthetic If you're a registered nurse, okay. Shall move on to the next one. Fine. Find something. Can you just tell me a little bit about your job role and what you do? I'm an operating department practitioner, and I mean, do your scrub, but I do dualities. Uh, perfect. Why did you choose the script? Uh, I choose the script because I knew I wanted to do something in healthcare, but I didn't want to be a nurse. And at the time, I didn't do the right subject. It's Singapore to be permanent, which is what I would have been doing if I wanted this story. Uh, if you couldn't do this job, what would you do? Probably paramedic. But that was taken out of my hands when I didn't take the rest of it's It's It's for. But that's it for I don't know what I wanted to do. So I think very general subject. So this time I fell into the excellent. And what did you have to overcome to get the position? Uh, when I left it for my really didn't want to go to university. So I had to overcome that fear of going, um, and studying more after my levels to read and what to do. But for this job, it was worth it. Perfect. And what is the most rewarding part of the world? I would say coming home and knowing that I've had a direct impact on all my patient's life that day. Yeah, I think I think that probably was a good summer of everything we've already. Yeah. Great. So I think the last one is just one of the consultant anesthetists, so I'll play that last wonder. Hi. Hello. I'm Andrew makin down a consultant in the cyst at Bristol Royal Infirmary. Lovely. Nice to meet you. Can you tell me why did you choose this career? Well, it was actually by accident because I got very good a level results, and I didn't know quite what I wanted to do. And I took a bit of a flyer doing excellent. Yes. Um, if you couldn't do this job, what would you be doing? Uh, in terms of what I'm doing now and hospital doctor, I would probably become a GP. In fact, that would have become a GP if they've been opportunities on the training program at the time. But it was very, very full. Everybody wants to be a GP then. So I did anesthetic for six months. Having spent my year in hospital training. I just decided I really liked it. So nice. Perfect. What did you have to overcome to get this position? Uh, there are quite a lot of exams to get here. So after a levels, there's five years of medical school with all the example of the year for that. Then at the time I did it, there was a couple of years of just getting used to the hospital jobs. Before then, I park on a specialist training scheme which took me another seven or eight years to do with three lots of exams along the way. And then I was qualified to call the specialist register after doing medicine. Really, at that point for about 10 years. Wow, it's a long time to become a doctor. It's a long time that you've been paid along the way and you're a doctor, so it's actually not quite. Thank you. And what is the most rewarding part of your role? It's exciting. It's very fantastic Teams to work in. People work together, and it's very, very rewarding when you patient's come through or having commanders emergencies or very, very sick. And, uh, it's very hands on job anesthetics. So it involves me treating patients' personally rather than just overseeing the team. I do look after other people in theaters, but actually I get to do a lot of it myself as well. Uh, that combination of hands on and seeing patients come through is really rewarding. Thank you. I hope last six formers enjoy that. Find some inspiration. Thank you very much. Perfect. Um, I think I was just gonna summarize what I thought were the three take home messages from all of those lectures. Um uh, interview. Sorry, uh, seem to be that everyone has fallen into their role. Um and I know Chavarria and Amelia were saying similar things and that you don't have to have it all figured out. So I think hopefully everyone is feeling slightly reassured that you don't need to know exactly what path you want to be on right now. And quite often the path changes at multiple different stages down the line. I think the other thing I picked up was the idea was the idea of teamwork, and everyone kind of liking that camaraderie of working together and, um, for the end goal of looking after the patient. And then the final thing that we probably haven't touched on that much is that it's a really practical, skills based job. And so for everyone that's, you know, likes to learn a new skill and likes to be doing things with our hands. All of the things that we've touched upon now seem to be, you know, it's the idea of learning a new skill and the anesthetic side of things or, um, the scrubbing in and things like that. I don't know. Um, if you have anything to add alongside that Wendy Yeah, No, definitely it is. That is all of these things. I mean, the teamwork is exceptional. Anyway, um, and when you've got your team behind you or beside you, wherever they are, you know you've got they've got you and you've got them, and everything sort of kind of comes together nicely. Um, it is just Yeah, I can't I can't put it into words already, but I'm in the skill set that you do need and the hands on. And we do do quite a lot of sim stuff within my role. Now, Um, which is great. I'm gonna love the SIM stuff. It's just that good fun. And we make it fun as well, especially for the students. Um, and I think that's something that's called to everything, isn't it? It's that idea of education and that you learn something, and then you pass on that knowledge to someone else. Whether you're in a specific education roll like you are or you're, you know, training someone that's a bit more junior than you, it's It's the whole way through, isn't it? It's passing on the knowledge, and I think that's something everyone really enjoys. Yeah, definitely. I mean, I prefer small groups personally, a larger groups that I'm actually into at the moment is a little bit more nerve wracking, but it's just confidence at the end of the day. Yeah, confidence and knowledge. So the only thing. Unless there's anything else you wanted to add, Wendy, the one I wanted to go back to was just the slide at the start. Either attach a QR code here, and I'll pop the link in the chat. But there's a very helpful NHS website that basically, again has lots of interviews and summaries of the different roles within healthcare. So I don't know if you can scan it from the screen now. If not, I'll pop it in the chat. And if anyone's got any questions, I can't see the chat at the moment. But I will stop share ing. Probably. Yeah. There's nothing in the chat at the moment. I think I think I've bought them silence. All right. I'll hand over to Gavin, if that's okay. Thank you. I'm just going to get your slides up. Um, hi there. Can you hear me? Yeah. You can hear you. I'm just loading your slides. Excellent. Thank you. Were you shocked at of the pole of people? Not knowing what a perfusionist was. I'm actually shocked. What was the last count? 29. Was it okay? Yeah. I haven't seen recently. So many new, to be honest. Yeah. Uh, All right. There we go. Excellent. Thank you much. Good evening, everybody. So I'm Gavin. I'm a perfusionist from the Glen Field Hospital. Lester, um, the former self of perfusionist. But the full title is a clinical perfusion. Scientists, as it says up there. Um, And as you can see, uh, if you're going to the next slide, there we go. I've been called many things in my time, which just goes to show that, uh, not many people have actually heard of us. Uh, I'm liking the perfume. Missed a lot, but there we go. So, what is the perfusionist? Well, with, uh, there's about 380 of us in the country. Uh, so that's probably why, uh, you haven't heard of us, and we only work in cardiac units. So that's currently about I think about 31 in the UK. So, um, very few hospitals have us in there. Uh, well, what do we do? Well, perfusion. If we look at the medical definition of perfusion. It's the passage of blood or a blood substitute or the fluid through the blood vessels or the natural channels in an organ or tissue, which is a bit of a mouthful. Um, so basically, we look at the next slide. Just a quick schematic. So I've got a quick picture of the heart there. Can you see my You can't see my pointer there. Can you know we can't. Sorry. No worries. So in the it's a bit of a poor schematic. Really? Uh, if we have a look in the middle of the diagram, you can see the heart there and then above it to the side of it. Sorry, the lungs and then the circulation around. So that is the normal circulation of your knee. Uh, or any patient or majority of patient should have sector come to the operating theater. Uh, that circulation of the body is fine, but if there's an issue with the heart, we have to operate on the heart. Let's say if one of the valves are faulty, if it's stenotic of a regurgitate int. Um, for example, uh, there are many other operations that we can do, but this is quite a common one if we have to do far replacement, um, we need to access to that. Normally, we need to cut into the heart to get to it. So the body, normally the the heart itself cannot perform a normal perfusion, uh, and circulate the blood around the body. If we make the incision of the heart while it's pumping blood around and basically the blood will come out, air will go in, and then we can order. Early percent will be quite catastrophic. Um, so what happens is we have a a bit of kit, uh, as you'll see on the next slide where we can bypass the heart and lungs in order to operate on the valve. Uh, this is known as cardio coronary bypass. Obviously cardiopulmonary heart, lungs bypass, bypassing the heart and lungs so you can see on the diagram. There. We've got, like, the two little blue pipes. We've got one going into the SPC on the top one going into the I V C on the bottom. These are the massive blood vessels, venous blood vessels that take the oxygenated blood to the heart. Uh, as you can see there with those tubes that have been inserted, we can actually drain that deoxygenated blood out. It goes through all sorts of devices there and can actually oxygenate. It can go through an oxygenating device, which we'll see in a minute. Um, oxygen's put in carbon dioxide's taken out. You know, we've got a little round pump there, as you can see, pumping oxygenated blood much brighter than the blood that's come out of kv back into the aorta. There, you can see a line going into the autumn, so we're draining on the right side of the heart, infusing back on the left hence cardiopulmonary bypass. And that really is our job. So what we do? Um, basically, just to give you a bit of a bit of a look at how it looks in theater in real life and not just pictures we've got got some clips of the surgeon putting that venous cannula in. So the first ones where it puts a single cannula in the right atrium. If you're squeamish, close your eyes. If you're a little bit squeamish, just close one. It's quite interesting. So if we click again and start the video Oh, go back. Oh, Is it running? No, I think because it's a pdf. I didn't know there was videos. All right. Okay. No worries. Anyway, that's not a problem. Uh, so you can see the surgeon is putting a big tube in the right atrium there, Uh, pictures a little bit small, but you can see the anterior aspect of the heart or yellow too many, um, greasy spoon breakfast there as well. So, uh, the patient's having, uh, on that operation, a set of graphs. So criminality bypass grafts, which we would use a perfusionist for as well. So he's cannulated the right age room and on the next picture, so he would be cannulated the e i 02 there. Uh, and what you would have seen is a much higher pressure circulation than the venous side. So that's the arterial cannulation. So my next picture as it's not a video, you would have seen the whole bypass circuit. Um, unfortunately, can see some tubing there, so I'll just sort of verbally run through the bypass circuit itself. Um, so as you can see, it consists of tubing. There, you can see the bigger tubing, which is the venous tubing, which collects the venous bullet from the right atrium. Um, and the tubing to the left of that, which is lighter blood. That's the blood going back to the patient, actually. Oxygenated it so you can see a significant change in the color of that. Hence the the amount of oxygen in it. Um, below that, you can see just a yellow thing that was a venous reservoir. So the blood comes from the patient towards us in this massive pump, um comes into a reservoir which is temporarily stored, comes out of the reservoir through a blood pump. That's the pump that takes over the function of the heart, uh, from the blood pump into an oxygenating device, which is a device as big as what should we say? Sorry to interrupt government. Do you want me to share them as a power point? Because I probably could get the videos going. Uh, yeah. I mean, if you could run the video, be a lot better than listening to me. Yeah, Let me do that now. Yeah. So I just realized I've not got my camera on as well. Have, uh there we go. Can you see? Where is that back to Fantastic. So you Well, let's just do it from that. Yeah, OK. Uh, sorry. Yep. That's good. So there we go. So we're planning down that so you can see Cardiotomy Reservoir, which is the container there. And we've got the pump, that first pump of all the set. Same 4.23. That's the heart the pump has taken over the function of the heart. And we've got all of this hardware because all sorts of things that helps us keep the patient alive. While we're cutting into the heart, you can see the oxygenated at the back there, which is red and clear, And then the blood goes back to the patient and it just goes back around, as you can see, so we have lots of pumps that do different things. So there's a perfusionist. It's our job to maintain that. So what we're doing is we're, uh, keeping the patient alive. Um, while the surgeon operates in that bag up there is a very high concentration and potassium. It's 83 millimoles of potassium in that bag, which is very, very high. Give that to the patient because we're taking over the function of the patient's heart and lungs. Uh, the patient, I mean, no longer needs those the heart and lung to function. So if you stop the heart, the surgeon hasn't got a moving target. So we pumped that potassium into the heart and stop the heart. So this patient's attached. This machine now hasn't got a heartbeat. All the BP and the circulation is being carried out mainly. I mean, that is our job as a perfusionist. So if you go to the next slump, so what do we do on bypass? So that machine helps us take over the function of the heart, take over the function of the lungs as well. Remember, correctly formal bypass, uh, controls everything in the blood we we can can control many, many things in the blood, uh, control the contents of the blood. We can add more blood, any kind of flu, and we want we can control the temperature of the blood. We can warm the blood up. As you can imagine, the bullet can cool down quite a lot with all that external circulation, so you can keep it warm. But there are certain operations, quite big operations where We have to stop the heart as well. So the patient for a certain amount of time will have no circulation whatsoever. Um, uh, we have to do something called deep Hypothermic Circulatory arrest, where we call the patient's blood to about 15 16 degrees c. So very, very cold, uh, to control the temperature. Uh, pressure of the blood as well. We can give drugs to increase the BP. Decrease it, uh, temperature twice that. That was good. Uh, stop and protect the heart. So, uh, like we said with that bag of potassium, we stopped the heart as well. We can also filter little so we can attach devices. Uh, such as human filters, which will, uh, take, um, fluid from the blood certification has a very dialect blood at the time. We can concentrate that also, it's a little bit like, uh, like green or replacement therapy. So next month, so confusion, training, if you want to be a confusion ist That's a picture of my buster pretending he's working. Uh, perfusion training. So what do we need to do to be a perfusionist? Uh, so before you apply to be a perfusionist, you need an honest degree in a science subject. So, uh, with respect to the science subject, it can be, um, quite a few. Really, There's not a specific, um, undergrad degree that you need. Biomedical sciences is a favorite. The vast majority of our, uh, confusion. Students have biomedical sciences degree. Um, we get a lot of our good, um, good confusion students, uh, from the DPS. That's where we steal the oh, DPS, uh, the oh DPS have a degree. Now we accept that as well. What happens is with that modest degree, you do a two year academic training masters in perfusion at Bristol University. Uh, it's been at Bristol for the past four or five years. Now, I think it used to be in London before that at, uh, somewhere called, uh, science, Uh, science college. Not as great as Bristol. Bristol's quote. The great thing about this is because you're paying your underground degree off the hospital that you take the job at will pay all of that training for you. Um, so they'll pay for your masters. Um, study. They'll pay for, uh, funding when you go there, so you go down for week blocks every month or every other month, Uh, for two years. Um, so if you're a week down there, then when you come back to the hospital for three weeks of hands on training there, the practical training in the hospital. So one week, academic, Uh, three weeks, hands on training. And it's the hospital training where you really learn the trade. The craft of, uh, in the refuges. Uh uh. And the culmination of that is, after you've done your two years, you do so many operations. Uh, so many bypasses when you're supervised. Uh, then finally, you have final practical exams and you've got all of your written exams at Bristol, Uh, which are quite difficult, to be honest, uh, which is in my mind, It's always good to go straight from university, too, that you still got your learning head on. Even though it may seem you have to bite the bullet a bit. It can be a bit excessive, but it's probably in my mind that's probably a better way. You have your final practical exam after that. So what happens is too, um, to examiners will come. Uh, and what you do about that actions, you choose what day. You haven't. You choose the operation, uh, and then it will come and watch you mark you which you've done that you have about an hour's via, uh, on profusion. And then you'll get, uh, you'll get a paper if you pass. If not, you can take it again. The vast majority of perfusionist Uh, probably not the vast majority now, But did the exam gets quite hard that in my day 32 years ago when I did it, uh, it was a lot less structured like that. So unfortunately for any of you guys that fancy being profusion for me a little bit more difficult than when I did, Um, But it's got a good pass rate and your hospital should train. You train really well for that? Uh, so next line. So what else do we do? We said we look at the cardio probably bypass machine that is our bread and butter. Really. That's what we do day in, day out at the hospital, depending on the hospital that you work. And they also have different roles to perfusionist as well. But on the whole, nationwide and worldwide. Even, uh, those roles are very, very small. Um, so if you have a look on the right there intra-aortic volume point. This is something we look after a bit of a picture of a line going into the femoral artery of a tension there. So what happens is it's kind of, uh, kind of cardiac support by a surgeon Will put a balloon devices like a 40 cc balloon on the on the line that goes into the aorta. And that helps, uh, help to protect the heart and take some of the workload off the heart. So you may see those, uh, put in quite a lot in some centers of the centers. Uh, the big thing that we do at that stuff is extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. You may have heard that this, um, known as ECMO people will call the techno. And, as you can see from the slide there, the picture, uh, we've got, uh, and what looks like something very similar to the collie corner by position just behind the guy's head. There is the obvious new filtration. So that's extra to the echo. Uh, what ECMO does, uh, basically does it. It says on the tent as well. It's bypasses the heart and all lungs, um, to provide a more long term support for the patient's partners. So we probably probably bypass the patient's on the bypass machine the the duration of the operation. So that could get you there between 40 minutes to eight or nine hours, depending on the operation And how the operation friends, uh, ECMO, um, looking at anywhere between one day to wonder Syncopation. Farmers? What about fiver sentiments? Uh, survived. So this is much more long term, um, one term survival. We put the patient's on those machines and then we manage machines for all of that time. Uh, look at the next side. You can see that you may have heard of it because during the covid pandemic, uh, it was used quite alone in this country. So any any unit that could, um, provide this kind of support as to provide this support and a lot of it. So we may see we used to do about about Leicester about 80 to 100 a year. And that's a combination of adults and Children. The first two waves of covid uh, we did 96 factions. Uh, just as an education have looked the regularity of how fast it came to. And this was for, uh uh, too long, uh, political support for loans that we needed to, uh, to recover. Um, so we're really, really using that, But just as a as a pretty, uh, snazzy angle, my my chance to be a rock star. If you look at the next slide, we do actually collect these patient's from all over the country at less than we have the facility and there's a perfusionist. We will go along the board, it will attach it to a play. All that kit to the patient's, uh, another unit. You go to Scotland on the south Coast, you go to islands. So, uh, this is one of the, uh, government to the island. This is coming back. Rather, you will just see the foot of the patient now, learners it loads of kids. And, uh, I can say it's my rock star and traveling in sort of in style on a Lear jet. You have to run that sarcastic. Oh, sorry. Okay, all all that kids on the sleep doctor calls about the intensive list is, uh, people trolling the patient time when the nurse comes up the plane, all the kids start to, uh, see the nurse just in front of the syringe ability in. So it's quite, uh, it's quite a full of kind of thing, but it's it's an interesting, uh, of our job picks that the tree. I couldn't hear you too well over the top of the video. I don't know if you just want to repeat, uh, then sorry. It really, uh there was lots of airplane noise is excellently like this. Okay, so, uh, as you can see, it's quite hectic that the intensive the intensives there was sort of holding the kids on. And make sure that you're, uh, falling out of place, and you can just see over is on the top of the syringe. The, uh, tech, uh, take, uh, use a trained up nurse. You can look after the patient's on. Uh, just syringing 15 syringes. Uh, so as you can see, you can imagine that it's all go on such a small, small, enclosed space. You you've got to manage locations. Uh, even in that situation, Uh, and really, in a nutshell, that that is what the confusion is because, uh, I don't know if you have a look at the next light. Actually, I think I Yeah s e p s dot org w k That's the website for the Society of Clinical Confusional scientists in the UK So if you type that in, um, you can actually see the website can give you loads more info, information. If you're interested, you can sold it to you after this. But if you look on NHS jobs, you'll find any job that concept in the country. They're in fact, if you are interested, um, in your career in the health service, if you just look at NHS jobs, you can do that. You should go. And then all the other drugs that should be, uh, should be that straight away. He's lying. Excellent. Thank you. Thank you so much. I couldn't see the chat there, so I'm just going to see if there's any, Uh, so there's a couple of questions, if you don't mind. Gavin, just, um do you operate in cold rooms so the heart doesn't die during surgery? No, What we do is, well, it is cold, but I think I'm definitely gonna turn the easy one to put the money in the heater. That's, uh but no, we did it. It's a very good question, really. What we do is So, uh, as we said that we give that cardioplegic solution that solution the blocks of, uh, potassium, and, uh, we give it in on the heating device. But the heating device can also, um, cool. Um, that solution. So we put that directly into the heart into the Camry osteria, which are the the openings in the aorta that supply the coronary arteries. That's where all the blood goes. So we can topically cool that we call that solution down to about 4 C. So we get a topical cooling, and we'll give that every 20 minutes. So they're constantly cooling the heart now so we can have the theater warmer. Um, but the patient will be relatively cold. Great. And then the next question was, I think clearly you've already converted someone to be a perfusionist because they want to know how competitive it is to study it. Um, I'm a bit biased. I didn't realize that Bristol was one of the few places to to do it, but because I studied there, obviously I'm going to say that it's the best university to be at university, uh, confusion that because only because it well not only because, but solely because it is the only university in the country that does that qualification as there are so few of us, it's difficult to talk universities into running the courses. Um, I would just lecture in a couple of weeks back down there and being the recent intake with 25 students on the course. Um, so you tend to get, you know, very few students, uh, around on the course. Like I said, there's 380 others, Um uh, as perfusion. It's around the UK Um, they're becoming more and more. I think we're going to get to 400 soon. It is very competitive. I have to say, Um, what you will find is we've just taken on a student, and she she literally stuck at it. So we were a full six interview around the country. So it's very rare to find a student that gets a post nap that hasn't done the rounds. Basically, uh, if you want to be a perfusionist, what I would say it's a great way of doing? It is, um I'll put my email address in the chat after. If you want to come to Leicester if you close to Leicester, uh, give me a shout. If not, I could probably hook you up with someone. Local profusion departments, um, don't have a look like if you go and spend the day with them. Because when you do apply for a job to be a confusion, you go to the interview that they can say, Where have you been? Where have you been? To have a look. Uh, if you say, Oh, I know where I read it on the Internet. Uh, probably go against you a little bit because there's so many people out there that have spent days, weeks visiting, um, of the units. So in the in the shortened version of what has done a bit there of your question, Yes, it is quite competitive. Thank you so much. Ok, Should we, um, I'll hand over to Constantine for the final chat of the evening. Um, I'd like to You can see your slides. Lovely. Hi, everyone. My name is Constantine. I'm a senior surgical care practitioner in Glenville Hospital. Where actually Gavin works as well. Um, yes. Um, so s CPS otherwise called surgical care for, uh, right. Um, who we are. We are the people. Sorry. Uh, we are the people who will be responsible to the consultant surgeon in a team where members of the team who will be responsible to the consultant surgeon and make sure that they run smoothly and help to lubricate and, uh, to make the day go smooth. What? I mean by smooth. Sometimes we have missing instruments. Sometimes we may have no images. Uh, sometimes we may have missing stuff, and we have to replace all that and inform the surgeon and be the part of the team who would Basically I'm sorry. Cool. I'm not sure what happened there. Just bear with us. Has anyone just while waiting for Constantine to join back again, I'm assuming his wife is just cut out. Um, does anyone have any questions? Um, either, I guess about medical school. I can hopefully answer any of them or any of the rolls. Oh, back again. Can you hear me? Yeah. We can hear you. Oh, fantastic. Sorry. Uh, something disconnected here. Lovely. You can see your slides. Perfect. fantastic. So who we are? Uh, something goes wrong in the theater where members of the team. And we're trying to make, uh, the whole team run running smoothly, the theater and stuff. At the end of the day, we're care for the for the patient, right? Um, if something missing and the surgeon is not informed, uh, things might go dramatic. Describe nurses, the management, and there are, uh we are there to a little bit out. Balance it and smoothing it up. Right. Uh, but our main mission is to see the patient in the clinics, uh, assess them, then pass the information to the surgeon and what we found. And then at the end of the day, actually to come up with the plants because come up with a plan what we're gonna do with this patient. So the consultant surgeon, he knows already What? What are we doing? If it needs for surgery, obviously the patient visits in the hospital, and, uh, the consultant surgeon will come up. What do we have to do with that? Uh, our main duty is to assist the surgeon in the theater, right. And, uh, like like, over here, Uh, This is me on the left. And this is my consultant Surgeon on the right. Uh, this is the scrub nurse over there, And, uh, we're kind of a bind, right where the teamwork and, uh, surgical assistance are the bind between the, uh, all the team players. Uh, so what happens sometimes, Right. Uh, so what happens sometimes? Sometimes when the surgeon gets a little bit agitated, it might happen. What? I mean, by binding the team, we need to smoothen it up between the surgeon and the scrub nurse and, uh, communicate effectively with a profusion ist, as Gavin said before and all of the team. Right. When we assist the surgeon, uh, we participate in a very advanced surgical procedures like coronary artery bypass valve replacement. Uh, I or tick dissections. Um, and many other car tickle surgery, uh, procedures, Uh, at the same time as we are multidisciplinary team. Very often we have a visitor's like students, medical students, nursing students. Oh, DPS, uh, junior doctors, including. So what do we do? We are participating in training them doctors training nurses, training of GPS, and, uh, sometimes we are left there, too. Uh, supervised by the consultant, junior doctors or just to support, uh, senior registrars in their training and doing the cases independently. So we're there a little bit to smoothing it up, as I said before and make the day a little bit better, right? But sometimes, uh, the day goes not as smooth. And, uh, things are not going as brilliant as we wish, and we have to take the hit right. Uh, and sometimes it's really, literally take the hit like that. Okay, that was the case of one of my colleagues. Surgeons, Uh, very difficult. Thankfully, patient survived, and everything will Well, at the end of the day, with the help of perfusionist and help of, uh, descendant cardiothoracic 13, uh, to become one senior surgical assistant or surgical assistant. Uh, first, unfortunately, you would have to get a degree as a nurse or ODP right after that, you would have to get some experience once you're qualified, and after you get qualified, you would get to, uh, some more experience to decide which direction you would like to proceed. Because surgical assistance nowadays is very broad. Uh, every specialty pretty much has, uh, assistant in place. So you have to decide which one you want to be. You want to go into the cardiac world, General, Uh, from orthopedic or anything else. Uh, then you could apply through the NHS. You must have a training post in place. You would have to be accepted after which the university would potentially accept you to the two year course. The rumor's are there that there are three year course nowadays. Gonna be since the next year. Probably. It's not confirmed yet, though, but that's the situation. Uh, one of our trainees still finishing the two year course, and potentially it will go into three. Right. Um, so early on, Gavin mentioned about the coroner artery bypass and the bypass machine. So it is my favorite, uh, procedure. Coroner. Artery bypass. Grafting short. Could be said cdbg cabbage. Why is it that Why is it my favorite? Um, the old fashioned way of doing bypass. Uh, it would require I mean, the old fashioned way of supporting coronary artery bypass is required to harvest the vein in a open way. What does it mean? It would be the leg from the leg being harvested and a touch as a bypass for the disease. it is a big scar. And it is big trauma for the patient, okay? Or nowadays, for the last 15 years, at least, uh, it was everywhere. Keyhole surgery. What is the keyhole surgery? So let me show you a little bit of the keyhole surgery. I would start an incision, and about 2 to 5 centimeters. I would insert the camera using it as a joystick. And by seeing on the screen, um, video assisted. I would harvest a piece of Maine for the bypass. Uh, on the screen, I would see like that which resembles with a little bit with the gaming, like being a little sniper day. And this way I would get the necessary vein for the procedure for the consultant being able to perform coronary artery bypass. So, at the same time, uh, the more I progress, uh, in my career and becoming more efficient, I started training, uh, my other colleagues, which is on the background, and little by little step by step, my colleagues would become advanced and skillful in this procedure. So by harvesting the vein through this little opening and, uh, in a lag, you would be able to harvest the vein, which you can see on the screen vein serves as a little conduit. Otherwise, a pipe to which you could, uh, bypass the blood from my orta to the disease area will be that long, at least necessary for one growth. Mhm. That much you would need probably for two. And at the end of the procedure, you would have a little scar there and here, um, which utter closure. It will be probably just about two centimeters. Um, and after the procedure was done that the picture was done five days after, uh, that's what the patient would have instead of massive incision and a massive closure. Uh, just three little holes. That's why I called keyhole surgery. And that's six weeks after, uh, procedure was done. Patient came for the, uh, POSTOP revision, and that's his car. And that's it. So, uh, why not everyone can have this surgery? I would say, uh, the reason to that is the patient's, uh, specifics, uh, patient's anatomy. Sometimes every patient is different. We have to treat them accordingly. Not everyone can have it. Unfortunately, there is a big learning curve. Not every specialist can do that. Unfortunately, um, Sometimes it's taking longer training, etcetera and funding for that. Uh, sometimes it's difficult to fund these procedures. But overall, um, being surgical assistant, uh, is to have this judgment and understand when you can perform your, uh, best and use them skills which you utilize in your training And, uh, discuss that with your consultant surgeon and come up with the agreement. Uh, when you can do the best, uh, any questions about that? Um, I haven't seen any in the chat so far. I think it's probably some stunned silence from the gory graft photos. I'm so sorry about that. If it was too gory, Uh, no, no, no. I think I think everyone loved it the last time we had a surgical photos and things. So I'm sure it's probably interesting to see the practical side of things rather than talking through cabbage the way we have previously the Yes, Um, yes, that's pretty much from me. So perfect. Thank you. So I think probably that's, um, rounding off the evening. Hopefully, I mean, it's a bit artificial to ask what everyone has heard about now, but hopefully we've told people about some of the different careers in healthcare that by the sounds of it, no one had really heard of before. Um, before the start of the evening, Um, so I hope that's been helpful. I'm just going to share my final, um, feedback slide, if that's okay. Um, good morning. All day. Is it that one? And I will pop our society. Oh, sorry. I can't find it now. I'll pop the feedback link in here. There we go. Um, I can't find a QR code just now. Oh, there we go. Um mm. There we go. So I've popped the link to the feedback in the chat, but there's also a QR code on the screen at the moment. Hopefully, everyone found that useful, and I'll pop. Also, our our email address is on the screen. It's s C T s in sync at gmail dot com. Um, feel free to drop us a message. If you've got any additional questions, obviously I can pass them on to any of the team here. If you had any more specific questions that I probably couldn't answer. Um okay. Thank you. Thank you to everyone for joining us this evening and for giving us a bit more of insight into your roles. Pleasure. Pleasure. I hope to see you soon. Thank you. Thank you, Kirsty. Thank you, everybody. Um, I will stay on the call for a little bit longer in case anyone has any specific questions. Um, but otherwise I'll let everyone head off. That's good.