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Hello. Um So I'm Jess, one of the um part of the Mind. The Bleak Geriatric team. Um We're about to in a couple of minutes. We'll start our first lecture on Stroke by Vivian, who's one of our, um, one of the geriatric leads and she's an I MT trainee who's done a stroke job. So I think it'll be a really useful lecture for all. We're doing an entire geriatric series over the next three months. So we'll post at the end the dates we've got. Um, they should be really useful for people interest in Jerry or sitting exams and you'll get a certificate at the end of all the lectures if you fill in the feedback form as well. Um I'll be on the chat throughout the whole session. So if you have any questions about the series or the content, I can answer them as we go or we'll answer all the questions at the end. Um So yeah, I'll hand it over to Vivian. Thank you guys. Hi, guys. Can you guys hear me? Ok, just have it into the chat box and then we'll start away if the order is fine and all Yeah, that's great. Thank you so much. OK. And so my name is Vivian. I'm one of the um colleagues for the Geriatric Series. So thank you for joining us for this series there. Um So we have probably we can show, we just wait for another three minutes just to see if there's any more people trying to log in. And so for those of you that are here at the moment, so I have two screens with me at a moment so that I can see the chat box in the same time. And let's see, because I think there's a lot of people that sign up, but probably just a quarter of you are here. OK? So what we'll do is we shall start maybe in two minutes if that's OK with, with you guys and then we'll take it from there. All right. And so how I'm gonna do my presentation later on is really just about an overview about stroke just so that you guys know about what to expect as well. There will be polls as well cases. Um But first on the poll will be getting an idea about your or training grade. Maybe you are medical students, maybe you are in your foundation year or maybe you're one of the A HP teams that you are just joining because you have an interest in geriatrics. So we'll do the poll just to have an idea of the um audience that we have today. All right. Ok. Ok. So we have the first poll here because you're approaching five plus seven soon. So if you guys don't mind submitting um, your, um, feedback on the first poll, just so that we have an idea about your current grade and I'll start sharing my screen. All righty. Ok. Yeah. Can you guys hear me if you guys are able to just um, type in the chat box and I'll have a look here. Excellent. Yeah, that's great. Thank you so much. All righty guys. So I think we'll just start now. So my name is Vivian and so I'm known as over reaching Vivian. I'm all of the I MT one at the moment in Scotland. Thank you for joining us. So this is the beginning of our Comprehensive Geriatric Series part one. So we are going to explore a lot of geriatrics topic, but I thought we can talk about stroke for our first um part of the series. And if there's any questions that I just mentioned in the chat and we'll have an um we'll probably look through some of them towards the end of the presentation if you have the time, otherwise just will probably try to get some questions and we can get you sorted after that. All righty. So I can see the majority of your medical students. That's great. And so this series is created mainly for final year students and also, and for foundation, your training just have an idea about stroke in general. And for um all of you who are here with us, it's just an idea about the geriatrics in general. OK. So the content of the presentation today is mainly to look at the overview of stroke, which I'll call about the causes, the type and risk factors. And the other thing is to look into the acute management and treatment options, look into the stroke rehab and and also long term care about what to expect and what can we deal with after that? And also to look into the role of um MDT team during the stroke recovery journey. So let me know if the pace is too fast or and you guys want me to like just explain anything further and just let me know you about the stroke. So I will start off with the definition of stroke, which I found in the nice guidelines. So it is basically a clinical syndrome of presumed vascular origin characterized by rapidly developing signs of focal or global disturbance of cerebral functions which last longer than 24 hours or leads to death. So the reason why I've highlighted a few things there is just because I thought that it's quite a long definition. But if you're able to remember some of the key points and able to relate to a few things that we'll be discussing during this and talk, I feel that you will be you will benefit your revision for exams and all. Ok. So vascular origin, the reason why I've highlighted this is because stroke can be um categorized into two different types. One can be because of the rupture of the vessel. One can because of the formation of the clot in the vessels. So if you remember it that way, it's easier for a definition. The other thing is the reason why I mentioned, but rapidly developing is because the symptoms come so far where um if you see the patient in ed at the front door, you need to have an idea about what to expect. And these symptoms come so far as that you need to have an idea about when was the duration? Is it a sudden thing or did it come on gradually? And signs of focal and global distribution is because some of the signs and features, it might be just on the left-sided, it might be just on the right-sided or it might be a general weakness that the patient have. And depending on that, it can tell us where might be, where might be a stroke be in part of brains and regarding the duration of 24 hours. So, um if these signs and features of maybe the weakness or slurred speech are resolved within 24 hours, we categorize that as a mini stroke, which is known as Ati A and it is known as transient ischemic attack where it means that the symptoms resolve within 24 hours and and is a neurological dysfunction caused by a focal brain, spinal cord or retinal ischemia without any evidence of acute infarction and retinal ischemia. So I want to highlight something is for um those of you who are doing maybe acute anation at the front door. Um or in the future, sometimes you get referral from the eye specialist, from the ophthalmologist regarding maybe some visual disturbance and they have sent on a patient to have a brain imaging. It's just because some of the symptoms can soly be just on the eye symptoms, but there might be a mini that's coming from um that's presenting through the eyes features. So that's one thing to be aware of as well. So.