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Module II recording: The art of article structure

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Summary

Join this engaging on-demand teaching session that will skillfully guide you through the art of article structure and scientific research publication. This discussion not only includes a detailed breakdown of all key components such as the introduction, results, discussion, and conclusion sections but also offers vital advice on crafting meaningful hypotheses and designing methodological procedures. Find out the importance of maintaining relevance to the subject matter, the type of scientific communication, and suitable strategies for achieving this. Expand your scientific writing skills as you learn to navigate ethical guidelines, data analyses, study designs, and criteria for drafting an effective abstract. Enhance your writing and presentation skills, making your research more understandable and appealing to a wider audience. Don't miss this opportunity to perfect your scientific research articles and bring your communication abilities to the next level.

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Description

Welcome to our second module in the training Series "Crafting Scholarly Papers: Structuring, Writing, and Citing" (refer to our guide link to learn more about the series and the speakers.)

In this module, you will join us with Dr. Lina Ismaiil, Ph.D. for a training session that will guide you through the essential elements of the different parts of a research paper, focusing on effectively writing the introduction, methods, and discussion sections. The training will emphasize cohesion and alignment with research objectives throughout your manuscript. A hands-on exercise analyzing a sample article will provide practical experience to reinforce your learning.

Our Speaker:

Dr. Ismaiil, a distinguished biochemist with a PhD from Beirut Arab University, brings extensive expertise in biochemical assays and analytical methods. Her research on oxidative stress in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus has made significant contributions to the field. In addition to her research, she teaches at the Lebanese University and the Islamic University of Lebanon and is involved in accreditation and training processes. Her diverse experience ensures a rich, insightful training experience.

Learning objectives

  1. Understand the importance of clear, concise, structured article writing for effective scientific communication in the medical realm.

  2. Acquire knowledge about different sections of a scientific article including introduction, results, discussion, conclusion, and how each section contributes to presenting the research.

  3. Learn the importance of formulating a distinct and applicable research question and hypothesis in the context of a medical research article.

  4. Explore how to present quantitative analysis and statistical data accurately and effectively in the results section of a scientific article.

  5. Recognize and appreciate the significance of ethical considerations, guidelines, and approvals needed when presenting experimental procedures and results from human or animal subjects.

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Computer generated transcript

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The following transcript was generated automatically from the content and has not been checked or corrected manually.

So um so uh yeah, yes. Uh it's loading the recording and this is we should hand that up mm better and on record uh about recording at this. Yeah, platform you record record. OK. I load it down then I can tell me. OK. OK. So my presentation is about the art of article structure, a step by step guide uh as an outline, the introduction on the scientific research article uh come in on the type of uh scientific communication uh section of the scientific article, editing the paper as a conclusion presentation. So scientific community. So, so type of scientific publication of evidence and he provided by the uh uh National Health of uh Medical Research Council um study or type of has equity of evidence of evidence. So information unfiltered information. So usually an unfiltered information type of article, information, article, one project and one type of result and analysis on the project had the type of uh article I had the type of information it is not uh uh recommended but man no applicable research information. For example, my field is diabetes information information. For example, the systemic review, systemic review, a recommendation form of drug. So of the so, so corresponding corresponding author, introduction, results, discussion, conclusion, conclusion with discussion a but the uh but what? Yes, always. OK. So introduction uh the addition to the existing body of evidence of the top briefly side effect, for example, information. So once so very briefly, the strategy implemented to achieve this is really it would be good. So in scientific knowledge with an appropriate uh reference information in so specialist scientific word, cancer. So uh diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, so come in the flow of uh uh writing. So, so we have to avoid diverging from the subject and each sentence should serve as apa introduction discussion. So a number of words, I induction uh so uh a number of the uh word. So the each part of the article and introduction, so maximum, the introduction is very good. Uh So it should be uh so the aim of your study as stated in the article is the same as the aim formulated or ST in your study protocol induction methods. And the results in parallel has uh group of uh research, one formulation for the objective introduction, the results, the discussion. So uh come in to use when uh writing uh the introduction session, the section. So uh so uh to the current state, sorry, the current state of the knowledge. And so for example, cancer is a common disease showed that so present our formation formation like already had an article hypothesized that drug bay. Yes, doctor you have. So that part uh doctor a hypothesis. OK. So uh for example, a diabetic rat, electromagnetic waves. So it is a hypothesis and no selenium affect the uh oxidative stress. So hide the hypothesis. And no, does selenium affect the oxidative stress in diabetic rats, oxidative parameters? OK. What, what smart? I'm also objective, the form and summary of the methods. OK. Doctor Anna is good uh in hypothesis hypothesis. OK. So hypothesis research question. Um hypo OK. OK. OK. OK. And research question doctor OK. Diabetes. So I'm sure. OK. So OK. OK. OK. Yeah. OK. So description below. So but uh so is a percentage of concentration on preparation. So evaluation. So uh study design, our study design is how we prospect a prospective our retrospective randomized non randomized double blind open label controlled crossover. So any choice of this methodology included the types of the uh the study study. Uh So uh as an example suggested the example, a retrospective study with prospective study basic um definition is retrospective will be retrospective. Will prospective study be a retrospective study follow up over time uh group uh follow up. So a retrospective study, the method by the subject, the inclusion will noninclusion study ethical conditions, AKI predictable primary endpoint, secondary statistical analysis and data. Little information should be mentioned. Minimum pros prospective study and a group of people environment collection follow up. So the study registration, population, sample size calculation and randomization procedure intervention. So uh example and material and method. Uh bene study design, uh population animals, human subjects, culture. So no uh a consultation, admission staff meeting in case results should be mentioned material and method. So for the effective study, the method uh should be done with a description of the source data for the study uh namely the inclusion and and the final number of the case report or patient uh selected uh collection already prospective study, no inclusions. The final number of the patients included is considered as a result uh number, patient prospective indication, the result section result section method. So it should be mentioned should be related to the blood test operation, le questionnaire imaging technique uh methods, the human population approval uh in uh in case of the randomized clinical trial clinical trial approval database. So clinical trial database approval, legal approval in the Ethics Ethics Committee, blood blood test, urine number. So uh uh uh approval at the guidelines, it is for a one. So e and analysis, a statement uh presentation is for example, uh normally distributed data are presented as mean standard deviation of me. So uh that the quantitative analysis understand the standard deviation analysis, the type of analysis, for example, type of Multivariate analysis. So it should be uh our test should, it should be mentioned. So the sample size can be included and uh working hypothesis and the frequency of outcome and its variant standard division a sample size determination of the significance, sophistical analysis, software uh analysis um and get analysis uh how no study with research had had. Uh so, so and methods, I'm not sure lab results. So, yes, thank you. Finish of Feb. Yes, sorry. OK. Uh So uh uh methods using a subtitles Z is a methodology of titles, subtitles design, uh method number one, method, number two. So result is so it should be presented uh very well. So uh came in uh typical paragraph type of analysis, description or observation results. I will description as a text. OK. So is not on the description. My uh comparison is a group of treatment is a it was significantly higher or lower or whatever. So results, results should be presented uh was correlated with the gilt rate. So results. So as a baseline characteristic and outcome treatment. Uh so good article, for example, the presentation, no, the number of illustrations in uh uh I have to not include a too many illustration. So hi there be result. The discussion of our research, a discussion of a related research discuss the results hypo discussion of uh related research. For example, oxidative stress, diabetes, oxidative stress I enzyme. The no, I'm not no discussion with you. So discussion three paragraphs, uh interpretation findings will like previous ST uh contraindication uh highlight the strengths and limitations of the study of the discussion of any unexpected uh findings. So the last paragraph, summary hypothesis will of the significance of the study, potential future c So the discussion uh guidelines on the discussion, guidelines on the discussion with conclusion section. But uh clear statement of the principal finding what to do is to explain outcome of our study are important to the reader discussion and implication of uh our findings. The results prove or disprove our our hypothesis. Uh No result is a result analysis. No came the Albert discussion. We have to introduce uh it's about to introduce a new or expected ways. Uh to think about the research question. We came in to indicate what next step can be taken for further pursue any uh result. Unresolved question is ongoing problem. For example. S so, so adding unnecessary detail man uh uh man. Uh so you have, you have to be concise so surely. So we investigated, we studied the discussion uh banana. Hey Charlotte. Thank you, Charlotte. Uh significant limitation present. We don't have to overstate the importance of our finding. Uh So OK. Scientific be OK. Back of eye. Yes, but I tried my fish. OK. So on about two parts by abstract or total. So uh will obstruct, largest group of read, will obstruct medium size group. Uh obstruct. Uh So uh should be results to define the population study group, a description treatment of intervention will statistical analysis a result and the main result uh reference discussion or figures should not be included in the abstract. So uh abstract as a summary introduction results discussion with information in. So discuss induction information and discussion. So do have an introduction. So while we are writing the article and the updating, they update inter fix methodology, methodology, our material and method discussion updated up to date introduction. So introduction, material and method results or description. So what to do is to write our uh paper first then create the abstract as a summary it obstruct come in right to your audience type of the. So it should be a native English speaker English. Um focus on results conclusion and take home uh before you write the abstract introduction material and uh conclusion. So in a so keys but uh uh double and triple check your abstract for spelling and grammar error. Uh So OK, that should be a taste of what is to come in the rest of your article abbreviation, our acronyms, the articles DNA, for example, it is widely known. Uh no, the drug uh chemical name abbreviation is a method using using X technique, using a technique without abstract manu information about the information uh ma writing of the article. Um So information of the study design, important keyword. Uh what do you discovered? So what we do is to keep it uh so um of the article. So, so, so right, for your audience audience is no introduction. So incorporate important keyword and in a question in most cases, uh so uh motivation. So as an example uh of tuberculosis in a homeless woman in San Francisco, for example, tuberculosis, uh tuberculosis be so risk factor for uh preterm birth among uh low income women in Mexico City sle systemic review, a a systemic review and a meta analysis and systemic review HIV So molecular studies. So uh example, characterization of identification of evaluation has a specific method of analysis. Uh What for example, a software. So it is used for method B uh method in case objective. So as a summary of the basic guidelines should be included in a scientific uh manuscript to publish our she title I have to mention and we can a subtitle type of the study group abstract. He should be comprehensible by itself. That introduction must the result, conclusion, introduction, they must the result a discussion uh can be discussion. I will be introduction as a conclusion, researchers uh publication. So get out your and start writing. So I had the reference is and thank you. It was very useful. Thank you for the preparation. Now with the present. Thank you. Yeah. OK. Um Doctor activities of my last night and obstruct. Yes. OK. What sir? So an had an abstract. What about the head up? OK. Um um OK. So Melb HB CDE F GH with a breakout session. L I um E Ln uh uh Yeah. Uh Let's give it to seven minutes, like two minutes, 4 to 5 minutes to discuss. And OK, how about stage mono or breakout sessions come in doctor uh review. Oh, ok. Submission. OK. So OK. OK. Discussion discussion conclusion, conclusion include the discussion of will uh will conclusion as a one part best. So in conclusion, conclusion. Oh, ok. Well, it depends. Mm OK. So article is a comparison, the draft published, article, article, it will not be published guidelines. OK. Doctor. Thank you. Yeah. Hello. Uh I think everyone already joined. Yeah. Ok. Um Is that what's uh hey, Miss, hello. Uh breakout room 123. OK. Sure. So I'm gonna be representing the second breakout to and honestly, our team has clear can had very negative on the abstract. Uh uh The main remarks can on the for a hypothesis for an objective NMR for exactly what is being said. I know what we should focus on me. Explaining is a few methods is a clinical trial is review is a uh oh yeah, that's our main cri critique. This was intended. So the article no is a key. Get it. Mm And no abstract. But we didn't get the idea at all. I had to uh study design. I used to methods. Great. If you haven't done any bad comment, you can see. Uh Yes. Uh mm uh uh So uh so why the 10 you we So yes. So and most of these uh introduction ma uh homey transformation. So I'm not interested here may, is fine but special to a particular step in a genetic pathway. So, t sure genetic pathway into genetics. My family pathway was had. So. So yes, information Masia ma mafia. 10, the genetic pathway mama. So. Mhm. So. Mhm. Ok. Tacoma. Yes. My OK. If you had that uh yes, all all was clear. Yeah. Ok. So I the question um let's wrap up um and we thank you again again, doctor uh preparation and presentation and it was very useful. Uh Yes, that's uh can uh I think I know and it's, it's more than five blocks or uh I guess I know that it don't forget uncomfortable feedback side of the chart or. Thank you again. Thank you. See you. Yeah, bye bye bye.