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Jacqueline working or do you want to start? And I think Jacqueline went to take some ipad from someone else. Fine. Anyway, she's the last one. and if there's any technical difficulties, I'm sure one of us can probably just maybe just talk through the slides potentially. Yeah. Sure. Ok. Can you all see my screen? Yep, I can see it. Yes. Yeah, me too. Hi guys. I'm sorry. I really don't know why my mic isn't working. Um Is there an application for me? Oh, so it's working like on her phone but just not on metal? Strange. Hi. If everyone could um just put in the chat if you can hear me. Good evening everyone. Good evening all. Just confirm if the audio is coming through. We've been having some issues. So if you could just let me know in the chat that it's working. Can you hear me guys? Yeah, Jack and we got you. Thank you. Perfect. Yes. Ok, fantastic. So, hi guys. Good. Uh Good evening. Thank you for joining us on this cozy Thursday uh evening. My name is an and welcome to another webinar talk um from BSA er titled Mastering Your M USC exams um with graduate um and er honors. So just a bit about BM E before we start. So we are the Bulgarian International Medical Students Alliance. And our mission is to foster a more connect community for international students um who study medicine in Bulgaria, making it easy for students to seek support and to help one another. We provide students with mentoring tutoring, seaview building er workshops er and talking with doctors who have graduated from Bulgaria. And we use all of this um facilitated on medal as the platform for these sessions. So if you want more and you're interested er please follow us on Instagram to stay up to date. We're committing to helping students navigate the challenges of adapting to a new culture and a new education system by offering loads of resources um for cultural integration and personal growth and academic development. So follow us um for more talks just like this. So today's talk is going to be about mastering your state exams. So these are, these are the exams you will have to do after your sixth academic year. Um We have a fantastic panel here. We have Lenny talking about infectious disease um and hygiene exam. We have Nira doing pediatrics. Um ISA will be taking on surgery. I'll be talking a little bit about internal medicine and then ultimately, we'll have Jack then talking about g if you have any questions, please feel free to put them in the cha as we will have a dedicated question and answer session at the end and before further and without further ado I'll pass it on to ny to talk about the and infectious. Uh ex example. Hello guys. My name is Eleni and uh I finished my exam uh as everyone talking in this panel today, um I will talk about the hygiene infectious disease state exam. So the what you have to know first is the exam structure. You have one question from infectious diseases, one from epidemiology, one question from hygiene and one question from social medicine. So everyone is asking uh which part is the most important and which one they have to focus more um from, from my experience, you have to focus in every part. Uh There is no uh how to say important part and less important. If you want to have a six and a good mark. Uh and pass the exam, you have to study all of them. So uh how to study, you have to start studying early uh especially the hygiene part because we had it on the fourth year. Uh And it's quite challenging. Um So this is why I suggest to start from this part because you know, as you continue, you would be overwhelmed. So it is better uh to start from the hygiene that has also parts that are not so interesting for most of the students. Uh And here you will see some important questions that come up very often. Uh you can take a photo of this. Um And um after that, uh when you complete the hygiene, my advice is to go to the infectious diseases part next night, please. OK. So uh for the questions and infections, I have put here a photo with the most uh asked questions. Uh you will see on the right and also some questions uh on the left that uh some of my colleagues had uh in infections. You have to be uh very um cautious because uh the lady that is the examiner most of the times, not always uh is quite strict and uh she can be very rude to students. I don't know if someone of you had here uh in the in the this year, but she's very uh demanding. Uh she can be uh rude. So it's good to know uh we very well all the questions and uh sometimes the syr of the sixth year, it's not enough for her. So I would suggest except from starting from there uh to also uh study from her drive lectures. Um And also uh see what some books uh about infections. I have some on the next slide uh or uh on the internet because she needs uh a more um how to say overall approach, next slide. Thanks. Uh So her name is Professor T yo. Uh The questions I wrote here was asked uh to all the students during my exam. Uh First he was asking about hepatitis. He's asking these questions all the time. Uh You have to know uh about the antigens, what antigens we find antibodies in the acute and chronic stage as well as the, the A SAT and A LT values. She asked about numbers and also the races. Uh Also one of your favorite questions is the metabolic acidosis treatment. Uh especially if you have the cholera questions. She's asking it all the time together with the formula uh astra, which is for the base excess that help us find um the level of acidosis. Uh After that, uh she's asking about antibiotics, glasses. Uh And this falls in also every question that you're going to have. She will ask you about treatment. Uh and sometimes even do this is not so important to know the doses, but all the rest. Uh it's important to know. And here I wrote again that you have to study from your powerpoint. Uh So about the epidemiology. Again, some people think that it is not. So it's an important but they tend to neglect it, leave it for the end. But even the professor from the epidemiology is quite demanding. Um You have to know these are the most important questions. Even if you have something else, maybe she will ask you something from this list. So make sure to, to revise this at the end. Uh And because the syllabus is not good at all. Uh I was using DPP. Uh it may not look very professional, but it was quite helpful. Uh And it was explaining most of the things. So if you feel overwhelmed, you can also check there. OK. So uh where to study pro uh personally what I did, it was that I was using the notes of the previous years for hygiene and for infectious diseases only for social um and epidemiology. I was reading from the syllabus of the sixth year because I find that it's not complete and if you want to have a good mark and uh to be ready for every question, uh it is not enough. So I would suggest the syllabus of the fifth year uh a book which is called Comprehensive Review of Infectious Diseases. You can find it on a on PDF free on the internet uh from the lectures on the drive and for us for videos from osmosis, mostly for infections because it explains the life cycles and everything. Uh very well. So again, uh I want to to say that you have to focus on all the parts. Uh Everyone was demanding uh imagine that I was, I was close to to fail in the in the epidemiology part. So don't uh don't hear people who say just study infections or just study hygiene. And during the course is there are no formal attendance in presence is taken, but it's good to attend the, the lectures that happened online um because you can be on track and um it, it just starting. So this is my advice. Thank you very much. And uh I will give the turn to the next speaker. I will wait for your questions at the end. Thank you so much for your informative presentation. We're not going to, I think pass on to Lani who is going to be, er, talking about her experience with pediatrics. Ok. So slight change in plan, what we're going to do is we're going to actually um move, uh I think on to potentially aa if or Jacqueline, if she's happy to go next, we can skip through and go to the gynecology part. Of course, we'll get the slides up now in a second and then we'll, we'll do your personal et can you listen me guys? Uh perfect. So I'm, I'm gonna talk about pediatrics state exam. Uh This is the only state exam that includes a two day visit session in December. So it, it is the most difficult state exam. Uh you can have your seminars and even at hospital or Alejandro Hospital or at the hospital. Um I'm gonna talk about my fifth year questions. Uh I had in my fifth year differential diagnosis of growth disturbance and pediatric lymphoma. I had these questions in omitted hospitals, in vomited hospital and in my sixth year in my state exams, I was at hospital and the questions that I had it, they were rational nutrition for Children uh that include condition of malnutrition. And the second question was infectious heart disease, myocarditis, pericarditis, and endocarditis. Uh They are asking questions based on the powerpoint of patient and also uh based on the book of pediatrics. The pediatric books, please attend the lectures like you. I know you attend already the lectures in 50 year, but in 60 year, you can always catch up the lectures with uh the 50 year students that they are having at the same time that you are having your state exam. Uh My advice is to print these slides and to read the textbook. What about my rotation? Uh in my rotation? My group was at genetic department at omit and they are very, very strict at the conclusion of my rotation. Uh The professor, he simply signed the booklet for five students and five ee five other students from my group, they were without signature and they had to catch up uh pediatrics with another stream. So this genetic department, the professor is a guy, a young guy with dark hair and he seems to not be paying attention on you. He even do not speak English um all the time, but he's paying attention. Don't think he's not paying attention. He's looking to your faces. And in the last day, he was giving signature just to five faces that he remembered the others. Uh They worry about signature with a big problem at the end to solve with, what about my tips? You will have classes together with a Bulgarian group. I suggest you engage with them and they can translate for you. Because as I said, my professor, he was not teaching in English, he was talking in Bulgarian all the time. So if you have a Bulgarian friend, uh if you make this friendship happen with the Bulgarian students, they can al always translate to you because you are gonna have classes seminars at the same time with a Bulgarian, a group in state exam. Also another tip if you are when you are in the hospital, especially vomit or is there is always around 58 students who are having proper seminars, the professors, they put more effort to teach the 50 year students because they say we are already doctors and we are supposed to know everything. So if you join the 50 year students at the same hospital that you are having our state exams, you are, you can watch a very good seminars with them and do a revision. Also, I recommend you if you have time to go to the last floor of the hospital, I'm talking about the vomit and watch again the lectures with 50 year students because they will be having lectures. At the same time. You are having your state's exams take advantage that you are at omit in case your group get omitted hospital and go around to see the other departments because uh for example, in second floor, you have neuro and genetics department. And then in third floor, you have endocrinology department. Then in the last floor, you have gastroenterology department. So you can do a revision of the entire syllabus if you just keeping moving floors. Um, what about the literature, uh, osmosis s and of course, the pediatric textbook and all the powerpoint presentations. So the most important the powerpoint in the pediatrics, but osmosis is very good, especially for pediatrics and S as well. And most important is osmosis and s they are always regularly update. Mhm. Uh I just want to talk about something that I forgot. Uh the master uh the honor certificate. Uh last year I spoke with Burro three days ago and she told me last year we give every student with a, with an average markable 5.5 in state exam with a honor certificate. But for the other students who had on average mark above 5.5 in the six years of medicine, we give them with a second honor certificate. She said to me, the, the dean doesn't know the rule for, for these years still, but bear in mind you can end up the course with two honor certifications, one from state exam above 5.5 average and the other certification with your six years uh medical education average above 5.5. This is your second honor certificate and why this is important. It is important, especially for UK because they have their point system to get their specialization and you can get three points ahead of everyone for internal medicine. If you have the owner certification, it's also important for Germany and for Switzerland and Italy. If you put on your motivation letter that you graduate with honors, this is a, a big differential. What about uh my practical exam? Uh in pediatrics, we in pediatrics, we have a practical exam and this can be at vomit hospital or at II had in vomit in 50 year. And if you go to omit the practical part can be about neurology, endocrinology or rheumatology. There is just these three possibilities. So I my suggestion is study very well, neurology, endocrinology and rheumatology, syllabus point because you can have one additional question of neurology, endocrinology and rheumatology in the practical part of the exam at the vomit hospital. If you get neurology uh department as a practical part for the exam, vomitive, mostly often you are gonna have a epilepsy kit and or a Bell pulse kit and you in epilepsy. They, they love to ask about the e electroencephalogram reading and the Bell palsy, the clinical picture of course. Um If you go to endo if you have a kid in the endocrinology department, for the practical part, you can have for sure, diabetes type one or two. And the questions are gonna be how to diagnose these. Uh they want to values in millimoles per liter. They want to know that the antibodies type, uh the antibodies for diabetes type one and you can also have a kid with obesity. These are the three most um often seeing patients in the Endocrinology Department of Bulgaria. What about rheumatology department? And most often I see kids with lupus and ig a vasculitis. So it study very well at this point. What about the practical exam at the u the practical part is theoretical in IU because all the patients, they are immunodepressed, immunosuppressed and they don't want to expose the patient to their students. So my questions in IU this year state exam, they were about diabetic mellitus, diabetic mellitus type one complications. She asked me, tell me the complications and then you just mentioned ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia, skin mouth infections. And afterwards she asked me, tell me the signs of diabetes, ketoacidosis. And then you have the answer, generalized abdominal pain, vomiting, no breathing. What about my friends? My friends, they had group signs in the practical part in group signs, bronchiolitis signs, auscultations of bronchiolitis, foreign body aspiration. What you are gonna listen in the auscultation of foreign body aspiration? Tell me the clinical picture. Uh Also a friend got this question, tell me the treatment of asthma attack. Another friend got a pneumonia auscultation. Tell me the the what are you gonna listen in pneumonia and also the treatment. Another friend got iga vasculitis and every one of my group they were studying for hematology questions and oncology questions in the practical part because they were thinking, oh we are at so probably they are gonna ask us hematology or oncology, oncology questions. That was not the case. Just one girl got questions about leukemia but all the others as you can see, they we had questions about the entire syllabus. In previous years, people received practical questions in school about on mostly about oncology and hematology, just like thalassemia, iron deficiency anemia, hemophilia abc clinical picture. Uh to explain what is myod hemophilia, moderate hemophilia, severe hemophilia, uh hemorrhagic disease of the newborn. And so bear in mind that we don't know what's gonna happen in your ear. They can go back to us just questions about onco hematology in the practical part or they can just do as they did uh mostly in my ear to ask questions about the entire syllabus and do not contemplate at all in onco hematology questions. Uh What about my study techniques? Uh First, I watch all those Moses videos to get one overview of the topic. Secondly, I read the book going deeper. And the third Leslie, I read the Power Point. This is the my revision. Um How many syllabus reading is necessary to be safe for this exam? I would say three syllabus reading sometimes just two is enough. Depends on the person, check your knowledge with your friends, studying groups and revise the syllabus together. This is was the thing that helped me the most in state exam. I was always doing revision with Jackie with to Marlo. So my second reading of the syllabus was always in company in good company and we could learn to get it. Thank you very much for the attention perfectly. Thank you so much for your informative talk as well. Um, I'm sure people yielded a lot of very helpful tips from that. Um, we're gonna pass it on now to esa to talk about er, surgery. Ok. Ok. Thank you very much. I'll be talking about surgery. Um, we had our surgery. I think most students have their surgery rotation at Alexandrov. Um I'm sure you all know this, this building right off the metro um, entrance and exit. However, I II assume some students have it elsewhere. Um, for the most part, um surgery, the attendance on the next slide. Um, it is mostly dependent on the professor. So, um I assume most, most professors are not so strict. However, there is a general rule um, that all students have to sign every single day. So there is a booklet at their uh other department where you write your name down on the date and every day, technically, you have to go in and sign off that you attended a specific day. However, what mostly happens is that your friend or someone from your group will attend on this specific day and they will sign off for you and you can take sort of like a a rotation. OK. Next slide. OK. So on the very final day uh of your rotation, you have the booklet which I'm sure you have from the previous year, you have to fill in the details exactly like the picture. There's random grades that you have to add. I'm sure you'll get further information later on. Um but this is just to give you a general idea, usually 01 student per group will go into to get a signature for you. OK. On next slide. So now moving on to the proper um important things for the syllabus, the syllabus for the sixth year, like all the other subjects is not the same as the fifth year. It's mostly the same. However, there is additional, I believe uh 20 at least 20 new questions. Um There's a lot of details uh specific uh points for um hernias, cancers, of course, uh ulcers also. Um So yeah, mainly focus on the cancers, the types, the hernias, the structure, uh the contents of the, the hernias, the the canals, um cases of acute abdomen and the ulcers. Uh This Elvis uh is available on the university drive next slide. So one thing that was quite um unfortunate uh on our stream is that there was a lot of rumors coming around the syllabus, some of these rumors were actually started by professors themselves. However, um they were mentioning that um some syllabus points will not show up on the exam for example, they were saying that the 1st 20 questions will not show up and this was very widely circulated. Um amongst our year. Some, some people believe that, you know, um if they studied the 50 questions, it will be fine. However, that's not very true. At least for us it wasn't true. Uh We got all the questions from the very first one to the very last one. We got two questions each. Um And it doesn't matter. Uh which part of the syllabus you can get the first question you can get the last one. Just, just know that all of them could possibly show up. For example, I got number 13 infection of uh soft tissue. Thankfully, I studied the entire SS, it wasn't a problem for me. Um Some people they had a problem because they didn't study the the first half of the syllabus. They thought maybe it wouldn't show up and only the cancer questions would show up. This is not true. So just keep that in mind. OK. Excellent. Yeah. So for the exam structure, it's a bit different from the previous um the cycles that we have had. We do have a multiple choice. Uh It is not a stop test and it's not actually just a multiple choice. There is a few open questions. Uh this specific um paper that you will get it. It's the same one from the previous years. Um It's available on the drive again. Um I'm not sure how important it is. Maybe if you are between grades, maybe between failing and a three, they might look at the multiple choice. However, generally it is not so, uh important compared to the written questions. So for the written, you will get two points from the syllabus, it is actually important to write down, um, a sufficient amount of information on your paper because professors, uh, they also look at what you've written along with the oral part. And unlike internal and pediatric, we in surgery do not have a practical part. So that's the main difference. OK. Next one. So here's the multiple choice. Um It includes at least five open questions, 20 questions in total and they are the same as the previous years. I can't guarantee that they will be the same for you. But for us, this is the questions that we have um on the drive. It is available also. OK. Next one for the study materials. I real light on the mainly the one in the middle. Um However, also a lot of students study from the student notes, these specific um textbooks are available on the student live. So it's quite convenient. Um It's important to focus. Don't get so deep into the details how but just focus on the basics because they tend to ask, for example, about anatomy. Uh when it comes to uh hernias, they really like uh to focus on the anatomy. Um And some of the specific uh names of surgeries. Um It's very, very variable depending on your professor. Unfortunately. OK, next question, next um slide again. So yeah, for final comments, the exam is like I said, highly dependent on the examiner. Some of them could be very strict asking very specific questions, the specific name of uh surgical procedures um and other professors are extremely chill. So you can't really rely on that. You just have to study as much as possible. Um And I can study all these, all these points because the rumors uh are not true for us. It wasn't true and some people uh fell for it. So that was unfortunate. And also during the uh exam, the oral part, some professors will ask you, how many days did you attend? What surgeries did you see? So just keep that in mind um just in case they ask you so. Ok, I think that's it for now any questions um will be answered at the end? Thank you. Yes. Thank you so much for your um very informative talk and surgery. I think that's gonna benefit a lot of people, especially when there's some surprises that can come from rumors in other years and certainly from within the department. Um So the next talk is going to be by not current internal medicine. So I'm just gonna let, can you see my screen? Yes. Can you see my screen? Ok, I can. Yeah, I can, I can see but not the presentation. Can you see my screen? Yeah, it's not come up, you know, you know what I'll do, I'll, I'll, I'll present it to my. Ok. Ok. Sure. Ok. Fantastic. So, um, yeah, hi guys. Uh, we've, um, been acquainted already. Uh, my name is, er, an, I'm a recent graduate from Medical University, Sophia, er, having completed my state exams just in the last, er, sittings. Um, so my topic, er, my talk talk is going to be on internal medicine. Um, just before we start, I'm going to give an overview of the syllabus. Um I'm gonna be talking about how to revise more efficiently. After that. I'm gonna be moving to my experience in my rotation. Um, what I expected and um what potentially you guys can expect as well going in and then lastly, I'm going to be talking about my exam experience, er, giving you helpful takeaways from myself and from colleagues I've spoken to. So, um, so that's fine. So the syllabus overview is going to be, it's 100 and 70 points which is broken down into different sections that you might be familiar with considering it's the same sort of syllabus that you had in fifth year with cardiology, pulmonology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, et cetera. Um The only difference is that, that syllabus in fifth year was about 100 and 40 points and now you have 100 and 70 points in states. Uh these extra points are comprised of oncology. So the cancers and therapeutic indexes at the end, um my biggest tip and take home from this would be to try your best to group topics together. Um as LAA mentioned pediatrics. And if you look at the syllabus pediatrics will have, for example, one point for pneumonia, but in internal medicine, it's spread across five points, not only in the pulmonology section, but also at the end one point from treatment of pneumonia. So if you learn to start grouping things together, it can be quite high yield and it will allow you to absorb more information, make more links such that when it comes to regurgitating in the exam, different topics, different points can lend themselves to help you remember the content. A few examples of these I've taken from the syllabus like pneumonia was one in endocrinology. Diabetes has six points spread across the endocrinology and treatment section. Uh as well as some point from gastroenterology to do with ulcers again, spread across the gastroenterology section and the treatment er method section. So there are a few like this as well. Another point of housekeeping to mention is depending on which state exam you do. Um before or after this, er the internal medicine is like the bread and butter of medicine. So it will always help. For example, you on surgery like um isa was mentioning some complications or some things can be transferrable, for example, ulcers and treatments. Um and for example, if you're doing pediatrics later on or before, um the pathology and pathophysiology can be somewhat similar but be sure to distinct between adult pathology and pediatric pathology. So my experience was this that I had 30 days and that's the duration of the rotation for internal medicine. Um My exam was 10 days after the last date of the rotation. I was in cardiology at Queen Yuana or um eso the one that's far away from our native university. Um in my experience in this particular place, there was no formal attendance though it was very heavily encouraged to go in if you uh if you can, er as the other colleagues mentioned in the, in this um presentation already, the professors are weary of who comes and who doesn't come. Um And not only this, it can strengthen your clinical acumen whether it's er learning, cementing your theoretical points or it's um going over and regalis the practical points that you've done as well because in the exam, it is consisting of practical and theoretical parts. Um signatures with that in mind were received on the penultimate day. I got them from a professor called Doctor Ilya. Er she was a cardiologist, she did it for my group. Um So someone from my group went and got the signatures on the second last day, I've attached a copy of what that looks like. So you will get a signature from the professor as well as a department stamp. So it is official. Um as you can see, I put in the box on the side there by cardiology at uh Alexandros. So, um there were some comments in my year group and er, from the years above to be quite wary of cardiology at Alexandros as well as rheumatology um at, at Ivan RS because they can be quite er stringent with signatures. So, although that wasn't necessarily my experience in cardiology, I was at a different hospital. So just bear in mind for when you have your rotation, which um be sure to go in, be sure to assess the department, be sure to uh prepare for the common thing. You know, they say medicine, common things are common. So look at the common presentations, engage with your professors, engage with the Bulgarian students who might also be there as well as the 50th students who might be rotating. So you can sharpen your skills. I've attached her two screenshots um for the groups and the distribution that they had for the internship in internal medicine. From this, you can get an idea of where groups are. So for example, you know, if you are, if your groups are grouped together like 42 to 50 or 51 to 49 or something similar, the kind of the first few groups get nephrology, cardiology, et cetera. And the last kind of groups get um endocrinology and nephrology and cardio and cardio nephro. Er they do change here and year. But this is generally the, the ones that you get, the ones um that Andy Bova made us to be aware of as well as other colleagues was cardiology, as stated in the point with exclamation marks at the bottom. And cardiology and rheumatology and cardiology were the two to be keep in mind of. So finally, um my experience for the exam was it was split up, er and for you guys, it would be split up into two parts. There's the practical part um which is the, which is a stop test. So if you are unfor uh unsuccessful in passing this, that will be the end of your exam on the day. Um there is one student per patient, although you are, you can go into a room where there's more than one patient with a colleague, but you will be separate and you will be doing your own uh physical exam and own anamesis history taking for about 10 to 15 minutes before one of the professors comes in. Um just another point in housekeeping just to be mindful that these Practicals are not limited to just the department you're in. So for example, I was in pulmonology and I did the full respiratory exam. I did a bit of the cardiovascular exam as well. Um Once I showed the professor and he was happy with that, he then asked me to perform a thyroid exam. So that was something from endocrinology that you would have to know. Um and his logic was at the time and his reasoning said, well, this is an internal medicine state exam. So you need to know everything. Um And this is consistent throughout my colleagues as well because somebody in the other room, we were in pulmonology, but she had to do the pulmonology exam. And then she was asked to palpate the liver, find the border of the spleen um as a part of the abdominal exam. So just bear in mind to make sure your practical skills are up to date and topped up the best ways of doing this. I recommend first and foremost is using a good robust system, er system sys systematic approach to when doing your practical exams. So geek medics are fantastic. Um whether you use the website and the P DFS, they have online um to kind of scaffold your er practical exam from or also using a youtube videos are extremely helpful as well. Um The best practice for me came from when I was either in the rotations, whether that was um through fifth year or through the state exams um with patients um as well as with colleagues. So in your times off, um after you've gone to classes or on the weekends, sometimes you can sit down with your colleagues. One of you can be the patient, one of you is going to be the medical student or playing as the doctor Um and then just do some rehearsals. I think that's the best way to be. Make sure you go from everything in a systematic way from A to Z, make sure you don't miss out any crucial points. Um There's some stories of people, for example, a respiratory exam and they do everything perfectly. They do good observations, good auscultations, good precautions, but they forgot to take the respiratory rate. So, you know, there's small things like that that get in the peat of the exam, you can maybe forget. So, having a system is very helpful. Um Once you pass that and the professor is satisfied, you'll move on to the theoretical part which is going to be in a different room. Um You'll go there and there will be er, tickets that you will pick up each ticket has three points of the internal med syllabus that we said from about 170 points. Um When I did mine recently, I got bacterial er, community acquired pneumonia, which is very nice. Um I got then toxic toxicology point on toxicodynamics and toxicokinetics of exogenous poisons, um which was fine and then I got, er, esophageal cancer, which we had kind of done over the course, whether it, it had been in surgery like I was mentioning before or oncology or indeed in internal medicine. So, um it's quite comfortable with that. Um for my exam, I had the uh three professors, one of them was uh professor Petkov, he's the associate professor, um, and head of pulmonology. So naturally I did the point of bacterial acquired pneumonia with him. Um, he was ii think if I had to recall in my summary that he was very, um, he never had a moment where he was trying to catch you out necessarily, but he did want to have a discussion. Um, and so my exam with him specifically lasted about 1520 minutes of a case scenario that he gave me how I would approach the patient. Um, what medications I would do if those medications were contraindicated, what else would I give? Um, he would also, it is known to ask dosages um, for certain treatments as well. Um So it's very helpful to know your antibiotics and you can learn local guidelines for, for example, if you're from the KB NF, can be very helpful. Or indeed, if you find resources called Bulgarian, um, pre prescribing guidelines, those can be, you know, very good to glance over, especially for a very important, um, like penicillins and, um, cephalosporins and things like that. Um My best resources that I would recommend to increase your chances of getting a six in this exam is to use the notes on the dropbox. They're very dense but they're, they're, they're very, um, they have a wide coverage so you won't miss out on kind of anything really. And once you've done that and I'm sure you have been doing that since er fourth year, fifth year and now II would really recommend using an M CQ bank. Um So that will really help you to consolidate whatever knowledge that you have from the theory and really start to think of it in a practical way. So metal is very platform as well as ResMed er passed and ambos all of the great question banks. So whichever one you prefer, you can try all of them and pick whichever one you like. Uh not only is, is this good for consolidating your knowledge at university but especially in the UK when you go on to do licensing exams or specialty exams, um it's all multiple choice based. So getting in the mode of thinking like that, I think would be quite helpful. And last but not least uh this was like a little gem for me. I think it's, it's like marmite. Some people like it, some people don't, but I really like the Oxford handbook of clinical medicine. It's the kind of they call it the cheese and onion. And yeah, it's got like yellow, green color to it. And for that, for me, that was very helpful because it, when you're covering so many points, 100 and 70 points and each of them carry their own weight, sometimes it can be quite hard to remember what point you read where and sometimes you just need a quick summary. So for me, the Linical handbook was excellent. Um just to make sure everything was packed together in a very concise way and helped jog my memory, especially in the lead up to the exam. Um and especially to give a pretty good overview of everything before I went into detail, whether that's the banks or using the dropbox notes. I would like uh yeah, I would like people to be re rest assured though because obviously the exam it can be quite difficult. Um, depending on, for example, if your patient speaks Bulgarian or your patient doesn't speak English or they don't give a full history sometimes. So, um you know, luck can play an element on the day as well. But what we are trying to do and give you the information to try to create road luck. Um have the pre have the preparation such that when the opportunity arises, you will seize it and hopefully pass the exam. Um, if not, things can happen, things go wrong, you know, sometimes spells of bad luck. There are two, retake sessions after the state exams as well. For all of these exams that I mentioned today, there's a non paid and paid um exam. So rest assured that hopefully you nail it first time, but if not, there's always gonna be next time and that's all. Er, thank you all for listening. If you have any questions, please feel free to put them in the chart if you do or you don't or you think of questions later on. Feel free. You can, I'm sure contact us um at boom. So Instagram or you can have my personal email um for any questions that you can answer. I'll be more than happy to help. And now I'm going to pass it on to Jacqueline as a law speaker who is going to be talking to you about obstetrics and gynecology and her experience. Hi guys. So first a few words about myself, my name is Jack Bos. I'm from Germany. I'm based here also doing gynecology right now. Volunteering and yeah, hoping for a job. So as far as um the pregraduate internship was successful for me, I can tell you about my personal experience and also the one that I shared with Lia KK who presented to you earlier about pediatrics. And we had a very great time in my kingdom. That was our um clinic where we uh were based and we were very dynamic. So the whole hospital is for women. So you have pl of floors to see uh fetal medicine to do ultrasound, to also um do some intervention surgeries. Of course, they have two big surgical departments where they do open hysterectomies, they can take up to five hours by the way and you can watch them uh you cannot um assist at least for our cases. But uh for the uh pregnancy examinations, you could potentially do some swabs, do some speculum um examinations. And yeah, that they allowed and it was a very um hands on to be honest. And so I'm telling you my perspective that was preparing for the state exam during practice. So I really enjoyed studying the theory. In fifth year. We had lectures and all. And I also recommended to go to them. And um yeah, they, I was using them also for the state exam, but also I bought German books later. Uh more to that one. And my questions in 5th and 6th year were the following. In fifth year, I had mechanics, uh the mechanisms of labor, prevention of cancers. And in sixth year, it was for vaginitis which are the typical three Gardnerella, uh vaginalis trichomonas and the candida. Then um hypertensive disorders like preeclampsia was the next next slide, please. So I recommend you studying as follows. Always start with the definition also in the exam. Of course, it's a state exam. You can be a bit nervous but don't forget your roots. Your whole mentality is based on these seven points definition etiology, clinical man patients, diagnosis treatment. If there is a conservative treatment, no, the medications, no, the dosages, at least that's how I operated for the state exams. Always studying the dosages. It's just a number, right? Don't be scared. And if you know the antibiotics, well, you can apply them to any subject. OK? And for operative um they don't ask you so much, but just maybe it's nice for you. So I'm personally interested there. So for example, in um gynecology is very controversial. Do we do colonization with CIN two or CIN three? Depending on the age in young people, it uh regenerates more. But yeah, the vaccination campaign is uh super important HPV. If we talk about prevention. OK. Next slide please. So about my literature. I like to access my books in the hospital which I was actually asked for by a professor when we were talking about some um rare syndrome actually and reconstruction um methods. So and um to have it accessible on your phone, it can help you during the clinical rotation. And I use the gynecology checklist. It's German from TMA and also the Bernard. It's very standard literature and also um my um English friends. Uh she also prepared very nice notes based on um Oxford handbook. You can see the size here. I found this picture funny. It's only 18 centimeters so it can fit in your scrubs pocket. That's what I used to do all the time for every subject, all my medical studies. So uh the gynecology um handbook here checklist. It's also the same size as Oxford and it also fits in my pocket. I can access it. I can do my anamnesis properly just to translate in Bulgarian a few things. Um for pediatrics, for example, I had to know my Bulgarian anamnesis. We didn't have practical and gynecology. But still it was nice for me to see clinical experience I I'm telling you I did learning by doing OK. So next slide, please also ambos I can recommend you like for my whole um studies. I used it preclinical clinical and I like the doctor's mode even because it gives me more high yield information. And with that, I always um function better than to remember the most important things which you can also turn on the exam mode for. So it will show you what is frequently asked in exam questions. Um Next slide, please. So if you need an anatomy refresher, of course, feel free to open up your eyeglasses and your anatomy books. But uh I found this also very handy, can have its videos, you can find some on youtube as well for free. But uh yeah, we got it for lifelong. I shared it with my friend and it's really convenient to revise it or yeah, go back to the Atlas and um do the anatomy first. It's the first point in the syllabus. Also the physiology to just remember how the female body works as a system. Next slide, please. One moment, please. One minute. OK, sorry guys, I'm back. I'm sorry for this interruption. So, notes from other students, maybe you had time to read it. Is it trustworthy? I don't know for myself. I told you my literature. Um I chose it myself. I depend on myself first and foremost and what the doctors tell me in the clinic, which I know, is important for real life and what is in the notes? I don't know, guys, I don't wanna tell you something wrong. And what's the source of the notes? If you know that? For example, the Oxford handbook, I'm fine with it. You know, I'm also like convenient with these, um, notes. I found them convenient. But yeah, check when it was published. I like the latest version of my literature and if it's the correct syllabus, of course, right. You could end up missing uh some points and never read them and you sit in the examined, you got it on the table. So uh make sure you get the updated syllabus. Next slide, please. Uh Then osmosis and youtube videos are very helpful for me. Personally, I didn't have so much time since I went to the hospital every day, which they don't expect you to by the way. So it's important for you probably to know you can get the signature in the end and find a professor that is nice and obstetrics is a world for its own. So if you are up for it, if you want to understand videos, help with learning. But yeah, don't dive into deep if it's too confusing for you just be brave and watch one birth. It's beautiful to see. And I think every medical doctor should be able to deliver a baby because midwives can do that since ancient times. Ok. Then yeah, in Germany midwives do the birth process only if it's uh complicated with Doctor Johnson. And uh in Bulgaria it's a doctor's job. So keep that in mind. I don't know for your country. Um 11 minute, please. Sorry guys, I'm back. Um So next slide, please. So for me I told you I'm do learning by doing and um here it's also very nice um uh picture of the intrauterine growth restriction because that, for example, I only learned with the practical knowledge from a nice doctor on the eighth floor in fetal medicine. They teach you ultrasound if you want, they let you do ultrasound if you want. So if you show up, get your hands on, they let you and Doppler flow is important uh for the median cerebral artery, the posterity index should be more than one here. It's called the brain sparing. If it's less than one, it's something to do with intrauterine growth restriction and then umbilical arteries and left and right uterine arteries are uh important poil index here because it's more compressible since it's also covered in what's jelly um should be less than one. Then the ductal spinosus usually only um attending can do that because the residents are not able yet to find it. And the posi posit index is abbreviated with P I resistance index with ri next slide please. Then the fetal biometry is also used for the parameters are the parameters um that are used for head like weight calculation. Here we use head circumference, the parietal diameter, abdominal circumference. And in the picture, you should only see the stomach bubble, it's black, right? Because it's there and not the kidneys and not the heart, which should be in the thorax and uh for a few more lengths, it's best depicted horizontally. Um Also something that I learned only only by being there. Next slide. Yeah. Go to the lectures guys on Facebook. They don't have many friends 53 only, but they published all the lectures in the drive. If you log in into Google with your university email, you will find that the lectures are there. Actually, they are from fifth year and they don't have everything there. But they changed, they changed a few lectures, for example, myoma enucleation and so on. Some new methods were introduced to us. But yeah, if you want, you can go to the lectures next slide. Actually, that's all from me. Thank you guys. Enjoy your cycle. Well, thank you everyone for listening. So attentively throughout this uh throughout the talk and thank you for our speakers for taking the time out um to give you the experience and informative takes on how the state exam goes, which hopefully will set you up for success and getting a six and getting an honors certificate along with your degree at the end of this long journey. So um like I said, if you have any questions, please put them in the chat now we'll be happy to help. Uh I would like to give the name of a book that I remember now about pediatrics. Uh that helped me a lot and um it's very good because it summarizes everything in very nice tables. So I will write it uh in the chart if everyone, I, if someone is interested. Yep, that would be very helpful, Elie. I'm sure people would benefit from that. So, um guys here you can look out in the chat and Eli will uh write about a, the name of a textbook or a book for pediatrics that she said was quite helpful. Um but we'll wait a few minutes or some time if you have any questions. Um If you think of them now, then please ask if you think of them later, then feel free to contact us. And um yeah, we'd be more than happy. Ok. That's great. Everyone. Thank you so much for your attendance. It seems we've got no questions at the moment, but please do feel free to contact and reach out to BB, sir if you do um make sure to follow us on Instagram er for the latest updates for talks that we do um and how to get involved. And once again, thank you so much for taking the time to listen to us. Thank you from all of us here and hopefully we'll catch you with the next one. Take you guys and have a good evening.