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Ok. Um, can you not see me at the moment? No. Ok. So it's live now. Um. Ok. Yeah, just interrupt me at any point during, you know, looking weird. Ok. Yeah. Um, I don't know how we can see when people are joining. Um, people. Let's have a look. Ok, everyone's joining now. Good. Ok. So we have 13 people. 18. Mhm. Yes. Someone has said greetings from Belgium. Hello? Mm. Ok. Ok. Ok. Ok. Uh, so hi everyone. Um, we're going to make a start now. Um, thank you for joining today. My name is Gabby and I'm the education coordinator. Uh, the, this week we're going to be focusing on uh lower gi um, and we're really excited to have you all with us. And today I'm joined by Kiara, um, who will guide, guide you through lower gi anatomy and small bowel. Um, Kiara is at Imperial and is 1/5 year medical student. Um, to make this session as engaging as possible. We'll be releasing some polls throughout these are completely anonymous. So we encourage you to participate actively. If you have any questions during the session, please put them in the chat and we'll do our best to address them at the end of the session. We'll share a feedback form. If you complete this, you will receive a certificate of attendance and uh exclusive discount codes to teach me surgery and pass the MRC S. Additionally, this session is being recorded. The recording and slides will be shared on our meal page, um a couple of hours after the session. So please make sure you keep an eye out for that. And we're excited to share that an exclusive question bank and other resources will be available on our learning portal. So be sure to check out our website to access them. If you create a free membership account with us, you will automatically the discount code for 10% of G medics, anatomy flash cards, surgery, flash cards and knowledge bundle. We also have an exciting opportunity for all our attendees. Two lucky people will win free access to the G medics surgical flash cards and the gee medics of stations to enter, to enter, simply complete the Google form at the end of the session and enter the unique code will provide the more sessions you attend the higher your chances of winning. So be sure to stay until the end of today's session and attend as many of our other sessions as well. Finally, before we begin, um we'd like to thank our partners, the Royal College of Surgeons of England, geeky medics, the MDU more than skin deep metal teach me surgery and pass the MRC S. Um And without further ado, I'll hand it over to pr now. Perfect. Thank you so much, Gabby for the introduction. Um So my name is Kiara and I am 1/5 year at Imperial. Um I did my BSE in gastroenterology, um and I like a lot of things to do with the bowel. Um, weirdly enough. So I am very happy to be giving you this lecture tonight on anatomy and the small bowel. And thank you very much Tosta for having me. So these are the s partners as Gabby has mentioned. Um There are a couple of learning objectives tonight. This is the first section of the talk. So we're just going to describe the general anatomy of the abdomen. So we'll cover what the abdominal cavity is. Um, a couple of surgical landmarks like hes triangle, Hesselbach, triangle, the inguinal canal. And we'll also talk a little bit about the abdominal walls and what the peritoneum and knees entries are, which I found really confusing. Um Until a couple of years ago, we're also gonna briefly describe um the organs in the lower gi tract. Um So starting from the small intestine down to the anal canal, um and we'll talk very briefly about those and their functions uh and what they look like essentially. And we'll also describe the arterial supply and venous drainage of the lower gi tract and will also cover some conditions. Now, these aren't strictly small bowel conditions. Um But they're still important um gi conditions overall to know about. So, inguinal hernias and femoral hernias for sure, a hiatus hernia, I would classify more as an upper gi condition. Um But we've grouped it together with the hernias just because the principles of investigating and managing them is quite similar. Um And then we'll just talk about gastroenteritis which is super common. Um and something doctors in training will be facing all of the time. So we'll start with a brief introduction to the abdominal cavity in the easiest terms possible. The definition of the abdominal cavity is a space between the diaphragm. So here just under the thorax and the pelvic brim and that is what we mean by the abdominal cavity, um the boundaries, it will be bound on all of its sides, so superiorly inferiorly, um both anterior to the front where your belly is laterally. So on the sides and posterior around the back. Um It's superior border is the diaphragm, its inferior border is the pelvic inlet. Um and it is surrounded by the abdominal wall both anteriorly and laterally and then posteriorly it, it you will find the vertebral column and the muscles and we'll go through this in more detail. Um Clinically speaking, it's usually split into nine different regions. Um A lot of you that are training in the UK will have had this for your osteo practices um of examining the abdomen um you always see something similar being taught to you. Um And it's very important because pain in each of these regions guides you to a different diagnosis in the abdomen. Um So that is an important slide to understand. Um And also when you're describing to clinicians in the future to make things a lot simpler. Most of the time I just use the four quadrants. Um So I don't have to remember nine different names. Um Right, upper, left, upper, right, lower, left, lower, that is always a good starting point um for describing anything in the abdomen. So we'll start with the abdominal wall now. And so we're gonna focus on the anterolateral abdominal wall. So the front of your belly and the sides. So the anterolateral abdominal wall, it consists different layers. Um and these are very important layers to understand um because not only do they protect you um and they allow you to move and they support all of the organs in your abdomen. Um It's very important to understand the order that they come in. Um because in almost all types of abdominal surgery, you're going to be cutting through those layers in order to get to the organs underneath. Um So we'll start with the lateral abdominal wall, which is the abdomen on your two sides essentially. And what happens one of the layers of the abdominal wall on the two sides. So you'll always start off with the skin that is what you see. Um and your skin is the outermost part of um your abdomen. And then if you cut the skin open, you're gonna see fat and that is usually your subcutaneous fat. Um but specifically in the abdomen, it is also known as the campus fascia. Um And below the campus fascia, you'll see the scarps fascia and the superficial investing fascia in real life. When I've seen them, you can barely make it out. Um But it is just a thin layer that you would find a membranous layer that you find under the fatty layer. Um once you pass the skin, once you separate that um you will hit the muscles, which there are three different types of muscles in the anterolateral uh in the lateral sorry abdominal wall. So,