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into this mini lecture series on the anatomy of the abdomen, pelvis and perineum. This lecture will focus on the anatomy off the liver and biliary system. We would be four again. We would appreciate if you could do the pre and post session feedback forms, which include practice questions for you. We have also produced a screen could for you to use to access this exact complete anatomy screen so you can follow along on your own complete anatomy APS Whilst you watch this video to begin with, I'd like to talk about the liver. The anatomy of the liver can be divided in a couple of different ways, so we can divide the liver as different lobes to be the right lobe, the left lobe, the coordinate lobe or the quadratus love off the liver. There are also different surfaces of the liver. Be at the diaphragmatic surface, which is in contact with the diaphragm, or the visceral surface, which is in contact with the viscera. The easiest way to differentiate these two surfaces in a real life specimen is the diaphragmatic surface will appear more smooth and shiny, whereas the visceral surface will appear more Matt and rough. We also have numerous ligaments of deliver. Starting off with the coronary ligaments which are over here on the left and right, triangular ligaments which are over here and here than the faulty form ligament which will be over here on the round ligament or ligamentum terrorists, which is over here on the venous ligament, which is over here. There are also numerous fissures and recesses of deliver. So we have the port to her part is which is accompanied by the central Fisher on contains the portal vein, the hepatic artery, the hepatic nervous plexus, the hepatic duct on lymphatic vessels. We also have the subphrenic recess, which is the division between the liver and the diaphragm on the hip out, a renal recess which separate the liver on the right kidney and the super renal glands. The gold bladder is the next part of this lecture that I would like to talk about. So if we dissect out the liver for the time being on focus on the anatomy of the gold bladder, the gold bladder has a storage capacity off 32 50 mL of bile and in life lies anteriorly to the first part of the duodenum. It is typically divided into three parts. The fund it's which is the round distal portion of the gold bladder on projects into the inferior surface of the liver in the Midclavicular line, the body, which is the largest particle bladder and lies adjacent to the posterior inferior aspect of the liver, the transverse colon and superior part of the duodenum on the neck, which is the part of the gold bladder, which tapers to become continuous with cystic duct leading into the biliary tree. Now let's talk about the biliary tree. So if we dissect out certain parts of the GI I system, it is easier to visualize the biliary tree. So I'm sure you can start to appreciate the formation off visualizing the biliary tree. So the biliary tree is this area. Over here. Bile is initially secreted from hepatocyte on drains from both lobes of the liver via chemically intralobular duct and collecting ducts into the right and left about it duct. These ducts amalgamate to form the common hepatic duct, which you can see over here on here is the left on right hepatic duct. Resuming a bit, you can see it more clearly so here's the common but hepatic duct. The common hepatic duct runs alongside the hepatic vein as the common hepatic duct descends. It is joined by the before mentioned cystic duct, which comes from the neck of the gallbladder as it tapers off. This allows bile to float I/O of the gold bladder for storage and release. At this point, they're common hepatic duct and cystic duct combined to form the common bile duct, which you can see over here. The common bile duct descends and passed his posterior to the first part off the duodenum and the head of the pancreas here to join by the main pancreatic duct. And you can see this joining if we dissect certain parts. Over here, you can see the main pancreatic duct, which is over here, and if we dissect this area, this area, you can see the joining off the common bile duct on the main pancreatic duct, the common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct joined to form what is commonly known as the Ampulla Varta. This empties into the duodenum by the major duodenopathy. This popular is regulated by a muscular valve called the sphincter of oddi. This concludes this lecture on the anatomy off the liver on biliary system