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Hello, everybody. Um Could someone just write in the chart saying that they can hear and see me please and then we'll get started if you can hear me. Um We've gone live. Can someone just write in the chart to let me know and then we'll start. Great. Thanks, Ash. So welcome everybody. Uh My name is Yasmin. I'm the education lead for Ir Juniors. Uh We're very excited to have you all this afternoon with us. This is a kind of new thing with UK RST and Ir Juniors working together and this is about an introduction to um ST one. So if you're here, then congratulations. You've made it to ST one or you're, you're hoping to make it to se one. So um we're gonna cover a few things first of all, just to tell you about I Juniors and then uh doctor Bar Khen will tell you about UK RST. So we are a national committee dedicated to um spreading information about interventional radiology. Run lots of educational resources on me. We're doing an application series soon. Um And um yeah, we just a big committee just trying to spread joy about radiology and information with um research and papers and things like that. Um Ara, do you wanna tell us a bit about UK RST? Hi. Hello everyone. I'm Ara. I'm ST five at Oxford. Um so UK RST International trainee Network. And also we provide free guidance to lots of junior doctors who are applying for radiology. We do free mock interviews for candidates for ST one and also at ST three level, we have been running for the two years. Um We do have a dedicated Facebook group and lots of people contact me also privately, also international graduates um who want to come in of who have FCR. Um So I'm also international graduate. I graduated from Pakistan. So I've got a bit of a background and um yeah, so we have a whatsapp group also for applicants and also for the trainees. Um And this was founded by doctor and I'm also one of the co-founders. Thank you. I can speak. Um I did the interview prep and it was very good. Um So today we're going to cover a few topics which we thought would be important for the kind of starting ST one. So we're covering my apologies, um structure kind of the structure of the curriculum. Um kind of more of a day to day section on day to day, useful resources exams focusing mainly on part one because that's what most of us will be doing in March. Um There's a bit of a miscellaneous section and then there's kind of a section on like applying to IR which at the ST four level, but it's just to kind of get, get a bit of information out there if you've got questions, write them in the chat. Um and then we will try, if they're relevant to that section recovering, we'll try to cover them kind of at the end of that section. If they're a bit more miscellaneous, then we can cover them at the end. Ok. Right. Ira, I'm gonna get us started. Yeah. Um Sorry be, do you mind just sharing the slides if that's? Ok. Oh, sorry. Give me a moment. Can you see now? Yeah, cool. Um So thanks for the introduction, Yasmin. Uh Yeah, we'll go on to the next slide. Um Just want to firstly start with saying it's a huge congratulations on getting into radiology. I mean, these days it's insanely competitive and obviously we're biased, but it is the best specialty in medicine. And I mean, I hope that most of you have realized that by getting into radiology, but um it's a really good training program and I think people are generally quite happy with radiology. So um yeah, well done. You made it. Uh we'll move on to the next slide. Um Just uh we've covered what we're gonna talk about. So we'll start with a bit about the structure and the curriculum some day to day advice. We'll talk about exams mentioned teaching a bit bit on like what opportunities are available uh for you as radiology, trainees, questions and answers. We'll do a few between each section, but the rest of them at the end. Um So next slide, no, totally fine. So um as probably most of you already know, I think radiology is split into kind of your core training years, which is ST 1 to 3. Um And then ST four onwards is more of a subspecialty focus. Uh Generally speaking, you do like general rotations in ST one rather than subspecialty ones. Whereas in ST two and 30 Sorry, I think I just saw the comment. There's a bit of static um in we're getting some static. Is it only when I speak or is there like background? It's when you speak? Yeah, there's a bit of an echo. I wasn't doing that before or if I like come closer to the microphone. Is that better? It's still there? Do you want to, do you want to leave and come back or have you got headphones? I, you know what, I'll try joining on my phone cause I had I've had issues with multiple browsers, but I'll, I'll be back into, sorry about this. Sorry guys back soon. Cool. Um Is there still an echo or has that gone? That's better for me? OK. Let, let's try this way. I think it should be. OK. Um Sorry, I don't know what's happening with, with my browser. Um Yeah. So in terms of the structure of radiology training, so it's kind of split into core training and a bit more subspecialty focus and ST four onwards generally in ST one, you do a bit more general stuff. Um and in particular skills that are necessary for on call and emergency radiology. In ST two and three, there tends to be a bit more focused on the subspecialties themselves. Although each uh training scheme has their own way of doing things. Um like certain schemes might do some specialties earlier on. And that's just the way in which the training scheme is structured. Um ST four onwards, you do more subspecialty rotation. So generally you choose what you want to do in a bit more depth. Uh If you want to do either interventional radiology that's body or neuro or if you want to do diagnostic neuroradiology, you do need to reapply um that is locally dependent. So some places have more of a preference scheme, some places will make you apply on. Um It's just what each deary decides on how they want to select. Um But those three, you do need to have some kind of reapplication or it's generally for the rest of them, it's kind of like a, you just, you kind of do it obviously, again, that really depends on each deary. And I think my knowledge is that the London Deanery has a subspecialty form for all of them where you just indicate what you want to do. Um but a bit more on that later. So next slide, uh so as I mentioned, ST one really is making a 0 to 1 step. So irre irrespective of what previous clinical experience and, you know, you might have reported some or had a look at imaging before, but generally speaking, you know, pretty much no radiology because you haven't learned it. So um it can be tough sometimes because it's almost like going back to medical school in which that you literally know nothing and you have to learn a lot uh from, from nothing. So this is a probably the first time for a lot of you that you've had to do this. So it, it's a horrible feeling, but unfortunately, it is something that you do have to get used to and I promise it will go away with. You might not believe me now, but it will um generally speaking, ST one is all about getting your general skills up so that you can be on call. So running a general emergency radiology service and all of the skills that are necessary. So predominantly that includes uh A&E or inpatient x-rays. Um at least a trusts we on, we only do like A&E films to start with. We don't really do like outpatient stuff, but it's, you know, your training team might not have that, but either way you'll be doing a lot of plain films in ST one. ultrasound is quite important as well. Most of you will do ultrasound and at least be able to do inpatient stuff. Um, of course, acute CT and that forms the bulk of the out of hours workload. Um You have to do vetting on course of ba basically that's answering the phone and being that radiologist on the other end of the phone. Um and also vetting and what that means is depending on the indication, deciding on the correct type of scan to answer the clinical question. Fluoroscopy is still on the curriculum. Now, you know, in very few places, are you going to be doing that as a consultant, radiologist? But it is on the curriculum. So unfortunately, you will have to do barium swallows and you have to be competent at that because it is just on the curriculum. Um That's unfortunate but you have to do it. Um depending on which training scheme you're on either it might be modality based. So in our training scheme, we have like an ultrasound block, CT block and a fluoro slash general block. But I know in some training schemes they do say like a month or two in newer radiology because a lot of out of hours is head ct S. Um Either way, I think it's whatever your local training scheme is decided, is optimal for you to start going on call because um that, you know, these are the skills that you need and they do form a foundation for radiology in the future. Um So generally outpatient or elective work is reserved for when you're a bit more senior. So ST two onwards um to the next slide uh in terms of the curriculum. So there's a big document on the RCR website and it basically lists all the stuff that you have to be able to do. And with that, it tells you what level you need to be able to do it at, at each stage of training. Uh So generally it's four levels. Uh One is like observation two is do the thing with direct supervision. Um Three is like indirect supervision and four is independent. Um Now you'll be independent of pretty much nothing in ST one that you know, that that's how it is. Well, Barium swallow as you have to be, but that's pretty much it. Um The rest of it you'll probably be doing with indirect supervision. But basically these are the levels of entrustment that your seniors sign off on your portfolio. So when you send a portfolio item, they have to put a level on what they think you are. Uh And those are used in your A RCP or your like review of competencies to see if you've met the curriculum. Now, it's quite generic and the RCR don't specifically say any reporting numbers or procedure numbers, but at a local level, they might add extra requirements and you have to meet those. So if your local thing says you need to do, I don't know, 1500 x-rays. You, you have to do that because that has been locally decided. Um, there aren't any specific ones now set by RCR, I think in the past there used to be. Um, but as of the current curriculum, it's more like competency based rather than, you know, reporting a bunch of stuff. But generally speaking, I'd say between 1000 to 1500 x-rays are what you can expect for ST one. Uh next slide, the actual software you use is called Kaiser the Kaiser Portfolio. Um A bunch of different Royal colleges use it. So when you log on to it, uh make sure you click RCR and don't log in for a different organization. Um And then when you open it up, there's something called a dashboard which has like your profile and some personal details. But if you navigate over to the timeline tab, that basically is a list of everything. Um On the next slide, there should be a couple of screenshots of what it looks like. So on the left there, you can see dashboard, it's just got, you know, my name and a bunch of details and a a few other things. But generally speaking, when you send curriculum assessments, um if you click on timeline, um when you go on there, there's a green button that says create new and that's going to be the bulk of how you spend your time on your, your portfolio. So any type of form that you send and we're going to cover those in a second, that's generally how you do it. That's pretty much it. Like there's a load of other stuff on that E portfolio which you will get used to with time. But for now there's, there's no point saying all that stuff, I think this, these are gonna be your main things that you go on. Uh So yeah, next slide in terms of what actual forms you need. So again, this is all listed in the RCR curriculum, but it's important that you have them at the right time. Um So every year you need what's called a personal development plan and it's basically just a bunch of objectives that you say you're gonna meet. Um It's pretty much a tick box exercise. Um Like you just copy the RCR curriculum and then if you have any specific things you want to do, you can whack them in there. Like, you know, if you're interested in research, you can say you want to present something or do a project. Um your educational supervisor, uh they need three meetings across the year. So you need one at the start and they review your PDP uh and go through it with you, you have a midpoint review just to make sure that, you know, everything's ok and there aren't any major issues. And then you also have one at the end of the year and typically that's before A RCP. So not quite at the end of the academic year, but whenever your A RCP date is, and that's typically in like late May, early June. Um, on top of that, your clinical supervisor, they're the person who looks after you on each block. Um And so obviously, blocks vary in how long they are. So there's no set number per se, but in each block that you do, you need a start and an end for sure. And locally they might say you need a MD again that is dependent on whatever your local head of school or your local dean says some make some say you have to have a mid placement CS review, others don't, but you do need an induction at the end uh form for each placement that you do. Um What's changed this year for Kaiser is that you assign your own clinical supervisor. So when you have a project, you click new and then you click assign clinical supervisor and you type in the name and the date of your placement. So that wasn't there before, but they've added it in for this year. So whatever blocks you're on, you just add them on to Kaiser, say who your clinical supervisor is and then that adds to your portfolio. Um So yeah, so kind of preempted the next slide. So uh you have to manually input the date of your placement. Um So how you do it, you go on timeline as with most things, create new and then assign a new training post and then you get this little screen here. Um But annoyingly, you have to assign goals as well. So these are like specific targets that you have to input. Um And there's two ways you can do this. Uh There are prefilled ones. Um So you can go on ST one goals or ST two goals and they come with a prepopulated thing. Alternatively, there's a custom goals which is just a blank thing and you manually input them again. I think you will receive local guidance on which ones they prefer. Um I did the wrong one. I just did custom ones and they told us you had to also do the prefilled one. So I had to go back and do it annoyingly. Um But that is just a local thing either way you have to put some kind of goals. And again, that is new for this year, which you didn't have to before it is a bit annoying. Um It does mean more work on your part. But um yeah, you do have to do that. Usually they are again, relatively generic. So for each of the placements that you have, they should tell you, you know, it's gonna be generic stuff like say if you have a uh A G I placement, it's gonna be Report Ct and Mr Livers do some G I procedures, it's pretty generic. Um But you do have to do it. So, uh just to note that that is new for this year in terms of actually the assessments that you need. Um So every year you need something called an MS F which is multi source feedback. It basically is about behavior and you have to send it to like 12 people of differing roles and not just other trainees but consultants, radiographers, assistants, you know, anyone who you've worked with. Um, and it's pretty much just they rate you on communication and professionalism and all of that. Um You know, and assuming you're a nice person, it's not, it's not really anything to worry about, but, you know, do, do it early, like when you open it up, you can just, you do it once and then you can keep sending things out. So I'd recommend you do it early because if you forget you're going to scramble at the end of the year. Whereas if you get a couple at each placement that you do, you don't really need to worry about it too much. You know, because each placement you do, you just work with different people um to be quite opportunistic with that. Um Obviously not on maybe the first time you meet them, but, you know, just do try and get it when you can. Um, everyone needs two teaching observations per year. Um That can be anyone. It doesn't have to be radiology teaching. So for example, uh a lot of us do teaching for the foundation program. There's a few radiology uh sessions or it could be like ultrasound teaching if you're like ST two and above or, you know, you could even, you could literally do one for like radiology, excuse me, like vetting or whatever it is. Um But the person who assesses you and fills out that form should be more senior to you. It doesn't have to be a consultant. So, you know, it can be a senior trainee, but they do have to, they should be more senior than you. Um Yeah, and then you also have to do one audit or quality improvement project every year. Uh If you do participate in a national audit, like say you do local data collection that also does count as well. You know, each of those need a local lead so they can sign you off or uh whoever the study lead is for that, they can also sign you off on that as long as you've done one per year. Um then it counts in terms of like workplace based assessments. So those are a bit like mini catches from foundation years, but they're called something different here. So the two main ones that you need are mini IP X. So that's called a mini um examination and that's basically reporting. So if you report a bunch of stuff and then discuss the cases that counts as a mini IP X, you're meant to do that prospectively. So say, for example, you're gonna do a reporting session of Pot CT, just go to your supervisor at the beginning and say, oh, can we do this as an assessment? Because then the way they give feedback is they'll probably give you more detailed feedback. Um That's more educationally beneficial for you rather than like, you know, giving you ad hoc stuff. Um It's always better to do it that way rather than, you know, if you reported a bunch of stuff and say, oh, by the way, can I send you a ticket? Um obviously, sometimes that does happen, but the ideal way to do it is do it prospectively. Um And you need two per attachment if you're doing three months, but it's eight per year. Again, local requirements may be higher. So I know some deaneries specify you need 12 a year. So you probably would have got guidance from, you know, your local TP DS or head of school on exactly the number you need, but you do need them for each placement. Um And then DPS is direct observation of a procedure. Um It doesn't have to just be like an interventional procedure, like doing an ultrasound scan, like a diagnostic one still counts as AD PS because you're like doing something. Uh So I think diagnostic ultrasound and barium swallows are going to be the main things that you get dot S for an ST one, obviously do your best to attend a procedure list. You might even have some scheduled time. So nice ones to do in ST one are like acidic trains or like aspirations because they're relatively low risk procedures that pretty much everyone is probably happy to let you do. Um So, you know, every time you do one of those try and get a dots for it, um If you can, you know, even if you're not great at them, still put on the dots because that's what you kind of wanna show progression. Like at the start, you, they'll be like, oh you only observed your direct supervision and then you have another one, say a few months later that shows. Oh yeah, you're really good. So don't be afraid to send them early on even if it's your first one, that's absolutely fine. Um Because documented progression is stuff they like seeing at your A RCP. Um So yeah, in terms of logbooks. So this is a question that I got asked, how do you keep a logbook, your workplace based assessment, kind of form a log book. Like some people don't keep a separate one, they just use Python and they send loads and loads of like workplace based assessments and that's just how they do them in terms of if you wanted to keep your own log book. Um, at least for procedures, there's a great one that's uh run by the B SI R it's called turtle. Uh put the link there and it's completely free. I think it's the best log book that you can use to log all of the procedures. It has pretty much every single one that you could want. If you don't, you can just ask them to add it and they're pretty responsive for that. So, um I think it's the best way because also you can export summaries like, you know, you can put in a date range and say export all the procedures here. Um And you can just save that to your portfolio or something like that and it, it shows or it's like a nice record of everything that you've done. Uh actually medal now have their own logbook software. So if you wanted to, you could use medal. Um That is a new feature. Actually, I only recently saw it. Um There's a few other radiology specific logbooks that are like, you know, a few entries free and then you have to pay in the past, I would have recommended them, but now there are free alternatives. So there's no real point in mentioning them. Um in terms of keeping a reporting logbook, there's no good one out there because you know, there's going to be so many entries like you're gonna record every time you report a scan, you're gonna have thousands and thousands of entries. Um and not everyone actually keeps them, but I do think it's very useful but it is a, it, it is time consuming. So you, you kind of have to decide whether it is worth it for you. Um I would recommend if you can trying to keep one, maybe not of like playing films cause you know, gonna be normal but um maybe for CTS or ultrasound, it might be good and then you can go back and look at the reports or, or something like that. Uh In terms of options on how to practically do it, probably an Excel Sheet is gonna be the best one. be careful with patient identifiable information, of course, but you know, you can keep an Excel sheet with various tabs like say you could put one or you can have a tat ultrasound and then just write, you know, date MRN what the scan was and any learning points um or things for the future. Uh Same with CT or same with any of that. I think it depends how much time you have as well because it, it is a time consuming thing. Obviously, if you remember to do it after we scan, you can, you can do it, but uh just do bear that in mind. Um But I think try it and see if it works for you. Um You might find that it does, you might find that it doesn't, so definitely give it a shot. Uh I thought I'd include a slide of who's who there are loads of different people. Um And it might be confusing to know who does what we've mentioned. Es and CS, the clinical supervisor and your education supervisor. Um, they're kind of fairly self explanatory and they're the same as a foundation um in terms of the clinical leads. So they are basically running the clinical service. They're not really an educational role. Um, three education roles that you might hear of are college tutor, TPD and head of school and they're basically different levels. So a college tutor is someone at each site and they kind of look after education TPD and head of school are a bit more administrative roles. So you probably will have a bit less contact. You might have contact with the TPD, but head of school is predominantly like administrative and they look after a lot of stuff on the back end, but they do take overall responsibility for your training and then some places have local roles as well. Like you might have someone who's in charge of teaching or a rotor person or like a research lead. Uh Some even have trainee representatives for various things. Um And those of you who have academies, they, the academy itself might have separate roles in addition to these RCR roles. So next slide I'll pass over to a bearer. We just got a question first. Thank you. And uh can you hear me, Ara? Um just got a question for that section. Yeah. So you have to be a consultant. So I'm just going to take you through some day to day stuff. Um So introduction to software. Um So this is mostly the types of systems that we use in radiology. Um So pa you must be aware now, some of you who have started now and the ones who are starting in September. So pa system is where all the images are stored. Um So there are different packs which are within the UK. So I've used sector packs before, but we use insight in Oxford. Um They have different um It would be different but it, it just depends somewhat better than the others. Ris is mostly Cris and most of the places you must have that this is the software in which you report the scans and at some places you would do the reporting and the vetting all on packs. I know some places in Manchester in the North West to do that and wetting is either it's either encrypted also in cris or it might be different. So just see wherever, which place you're training in how the scans are. I'm I'm sure your senior trainees or um they will go through how um the wedding is done. R is basically the electronic patient record for medical notes, you're looking at blood, especially for procedures. Um And as I said again, some are better than the others like insect pas. We used to have like a chart system which I found was really useful, which I don't have in, in inside, in Oxford. Um So we've just put in a few slides for like how to report a scan or how to do ultrasounds or how the learning is. And it's basically, I would say just start off with basic reporting of the CTS. Like you can start off with CT heads, uh CT KUBS or general abdomen rather than picking up complicated stuff. And the first and foremost thing is you should know the normal anatomy unless you know the normal anatomy and the variance you won't be able to pick up pathology. So you should, you should know how the thing looks like on a chest x-ray. The similar thing on a CT or an Mr or an ultrasound, then understanding the right use of terminology. Like if you're reporting a chest x-ray, you would say like there's an opacity or um reporting a chest x-ray, there's a linear line. It's like sclerosis or a lucent line which is seen in the fractures. The density are the terms which is used on CT signal change, which is mostly seen on Mr and echogenicity, which is with the term which is used in ultrasound. So just understanding the right use of terminology, reporting the scans, um looking at the scans and also going back and reading the reports that also helps types of scans and the phases. One if you are doing uh as in was saying, if you have a modality based block, like if you're doing a CT block or an ultrasound block, then just try to observe more ask questions. Um because an ST one, you basically no one is going to judge you if you ask questions. So um on the CT just have just have a feel how a non contrast CT looks like. Then if it's an arterial phase study, if it's a port venous study, if it's a um combined arterial port venous, which is a bastion phase, look at perfusion scans. Basically, if you're doing a neuroradiology block and in tertiary care, they do like CT perfusion, how the pet scans look like, try to attend, even like one or two MDT S if you're on different blocks. So it will really give you so much of exposure. Even as an ST one, I attended lots of M DTs in my first year. And it was really helpful. I was not presenting, I was just observing, but you see like loads of scans, like you would see like 30 to 50 scans in one MDT um always have a systematic approach. So I, I had two ST ones who shadowing me today and they were like, what's your system? And I said, I told them like this is how I I approach a scan. So that's really important. So even from day one, when you're looking at a scan, whichever modality is it is try to have a systematic approach. And the best thing to is is observe the radiologist or the consultant, you are shadowing or you're observing or you are doing the session with and just try to pick up all the nice things or the good things from each consultant and try to incorporate that into your reporting style because that's what you're going to carry on throughout your training. And when you become a consultant, um other things that really important is which do help. Also when you start your on call is just get familiar with different types of windows. So um on packs, you will have um on the numbers, you will have lots of shortcuts on the keyboard. So try to try to spend a lot of time on packs and try to get hold of like lots of stuff that, you know, like, you know, pr ring, how to go on the long windows, mediastinal windows, soft tissue windows, you'd be surprised it will save a lot of your time when you are starting doing on goals, looking at the scan, always go back at the prior scans because I'm sure you must have started off with the plain film reporting and even for the plain films like picking up fractures, whether it's an acute or an old fracture, go back to the oldest scan that you can look for and you will see if, if that thing was there on the previous scan. So that always, always start from the um initial scan that you have um, attend hot sea teaching sessions. Um I remember I was in, in my first month of my training, I was put in the hot seat and I was like, on the CT head. I was like, confused. I was sweating and I was like, you know, but if you get into that habit and just try not to avoid being in the hot seat, it will really help in your, to be preparation because a lot of people have that fear of Viber and now most of them they are done on teams. But still, I would say like the sea teaching, it really helps. It just gives you that relief that, that, you know, just start feeling confident. Then again, observe how the trainees are approaching the scan when you are attending the sessions or even if the sessions are on teams, just see um because you will see like if and how NST four approaches the scan and how an ST two approaches the scan. So obviously, as you progress through the training, you become more refined, you have done all the cord blocks. So you will see the difference. Um And you just have to get that going and again, observe reporting style of different consultants um go through the reports, they like the report in bullet points or the report in the body style and whatever you prefer. Um So this is what we have put in, which is called as learning from consultant report corrections. Um So once you start doing on calls, even at the end of ST one or at the start of ST two, you put a provisional report but then you verify the scan and then you put an addendum on it. That is the registrars radiology registrars, they put an addendum on it and it has to be checked by a consultant within the next 24 hours and they have to give a verified report. So just try to go back and read the addendums. And also often at times you will see that a consultant has reported a scan and even after that, he might have recalled or just um you might have looked, looked back and look at the scan and said, oh, I missed that thing. So there might be an addendum or the other on the scan. So see and try to learn from it that what was missed or um you know, if you have missed anything or if the consultant has added on anything, the other thing to learn from the mistakes is, is the R meetings you might have heard of it. This is the radiology events and learning meetings. So there are um I'm sure in every department there is a departmental ral meeting. There's also a national RCRR meeting this year which is happening in Bristol on the 2nd and 3rd of November. Not sure how helpful it would be at your level, but just to give you an idea. Ultrasound, I would say is the most important thing apart from plain film reporting as an ST one because once you start doing your own calls, you have to do the out of hours ultrasound, the emergency ultrasounds that you have to do. And ST one is the time when you have to start learning the basics. Um And the physics of ultrasound will really help you. So the techniques which can be used is either on the patients or on simulators. Um So I had background of radiology from back home. Um So I had done lots of ultrasound there on patients and we did have simulators, but we didn't actually use them till I think second year. So that was basically, and then COVID happened. So I think in most of the schemes now, especially if it's an academy set up, you might have lots of simulators um uh rather than um patients or it might be a good way to start off. I would say good observation is the basic key in learning um ultrasounds. You can learn from either from sonographer, senior trainees and you'd be amazed like the sonographer are amazing, especially if you start off with general abdomens. And um if you're doing any um not ob scans but gyne scans that sometimes you might have to do on um pelvic scans in the females in um on the on your own goals. Um So understanding physics and just looking at different probes, we do have like curvilinear probes, there's a uh flat probes and they are different frequencies. Um So you will, you will learn it in physics. And then you would understand that which probe would be used for abdomen. So which probe would be good for like msk for superficial, for lumps and bumps for neck ultrasounds? Um Same thing as with the procedures. Um you might have heard just like observe one and do one and teach one. So basically, it is either you learn from a principle based approach or you can learn it by rote learning steps. The main thing is whatever procedure you are observing, you should try to read up what's the clinical indication for this, right? Um Read a patient's history, um workup bloods that we have been done. Um how the platelets inr again, look at previous imaging. Um every patient who comes in um for any procedure he would have had a previous um either a CT or an ultrasound or any other kind of um imaging. That's why he's here for a procedure now. So always try to look at previous imaging, look at the reports and uh try to again go with your consultant or your registrar when they are consenting to patients for um different procedures. If it's a verbal consent or a written consent. Um there might be like your local protocols like a w checklist that you have to do for the procedures Um, so, yeah, that's just a general approach on calls. Um, quite variable. I would say, I don't think any scheme they start doing on calls before the exam. Um, in, um, in March, I might be wrong but most of the places I've heard that by June they start doing their own calls or maybe, um, you do have a bleep or you do like a few, few hours in the evening. Um, once you start the on calls, you will not be alone. You're always paired with a senior and the on call tasks is the most annoying one is obviously answering the phone. And if you are a junior, your senior will tell you just answer the phone and what the scans and then the senior would be annoyed. Why did you accept the scan or you have um you have not wetted the scan with the right protocol. So understand the protocols, I would say um because just ask the question and wet the scan appropriately rather than the patient having a wrong scan. And then you have to recall the patient and do the scan again, especially if it's like, obviously it's a CT so you have to justify um so placements of lines and tubes. This is another thing which the registrars they called on um for central lines, for NG tubes. Um So um just try to report those also. Well, um and just, or maybe a radiology master class will go through some resources, they do have lots of good stuff for the placements of lines and tubes. You'll be asked to do lots of ultrasounds, especially pediatrics um on um on your own calls, acute CT reporting and Mr R reporting at some places uh for lumbosacral spine for like for um or the whole spine for like cord compression or cord eye corinna. But most places, it's just cord eye corinna and the cord compressions. They mostly go to the on call radiologist consultant uh teachings. Um Physics and anatomy is the most important for you at this level. Um Almost all the deaneries, they have the local physics teaching um and they often have a medical physics department, um anatomy teaching, I think I would say just start off with um looking at the scans also from your local consultants. We'll go through lots of resources later on um academy teaching. It may be in addition to your local organized teaching and then again, subject based teaching or the hot seat teaching. Um We have also given uh lots of links for national teachings which are available via webinars. Doctor Hans teaching. He does weekly evening teachings um on general radiology. Uh better start at T two, but you can join whenever you want. Um There are webinars from British Society of Emergency Radiology, uh BS NR, they have lots of um past recordings which are available and it's free. Um to some of them, there might be a bit more complex at this level. British Society of Pediatric Radiology that do monthly teachings and you can subscribe to all those um inter you going to take on from resources or? Ok, sorry, it's me. Um So textbooks, I would say the first, the top ones which uh you're looking at some of you might have attended the red dot courses that is the accident and emergency radiology red dot course and chest x-ray course. I think they are really, really good courses and the books are really excellent, especially uh this red dot course um for the MSK one, I think once you are reporting a scan, I would say just read it at least once. And most of the places you do have a test in like 3 to 4 months time by December or January, you have to set for like a plain film test and then your radiologist or consultants will assess you. Um If you are safe enough to verify your plain films like ed plain films. So this is like a really good book. Um Chest, it's really good if you're doing your um chest x-ray block, if you're doing mostly an ST two or ST three in most of the schemes, um Ultrasound and CT we have also given these uh links, I have not personally used these so I can't say how good they are. Uh But I have used the red dot ones which are really good. Um Some other resources are IOS is excellent for learning anatomy. I still use it. Um And I think some schemes they will, they can pay for a subscription if they don't. They also offer like a package in which I think um if you have enough number of trainees that give you a concession, um Radiology assistant is another fantastic resource raped. We still use for referencing really good for to be prep and onwards and with lots of imaging and like, I think it's excellent um radiology Cades, it's really good for the mocks practice and they are at the same level as that of the exam, I would say. Um you can even start doing them now. Um because obviously it's just normal anatomy um because not you're not gonna be tested on pathology. Uh and the rat call dot com, it's for learning topics relevant to on calls. Um This I haven't used but I have used, I have used the other ones and they're really good. Um Again, we have listed some webinars and articles. Um So Radiology assistant, we have mentioned um radiographics articles. They are free with R SNA membership um Radio pedia as a reference radiology masters that you have a youtube channel. And they also have a website which is really good. I said for general things and for like um just picking up like main abnormalities which you shouldn't miss like a big pneumothorax or consolidation or collapse and lines and tubes and there are lots of webinars from the, all these societies um if you're interested. So we have gone through all those some specialty specific resources if, if you really know, starting off now that um you want to do this subspecialty. Um Then for Neuro, uh the PSNR webinars are really good. Um There's a textbook or phone which most of the people do read. Um For MSK, there's a book called Fundamentals of Skeletal Radiology by Clyde Helms. Um This is really good. I used this while I was doing my MS K block. Um like the gold block in second year and Keys is something for normal variants. Um Peds again, the webinars which are monthly uh chest um the chest xray survival guide. Um I read this almost like not cover to cover but like for main things, this is really good. Um Scar has some really good resources for G I and Hepatobiliary uh for physics. I would say there's a small book which you can probably find in the library. It's called MRI Made Easy, which is really good. Um For interventional radiology, there's a pocketbook of clinical ir. Um I'm not an IR person myself, so I've not used it but I'm sure it must be good on calls. Um I'm not going to stress too much on that because you might not be starting this. But I think NST one you should just get familiar with how the on call works. Um do as much as you can in real life, especially like plane films, hot seats and patient ultrasound. Um because you don't want to be too much dependent on your senior trainee because it can get really, really busy. And with like, you know, with every passing year, the number of scans that we are reporting is it's it's going sky high. Um What you can do is if you have time, you can review the overnight cases. Um And yourself or you can ask a senior to go through these with you. Um I would say just focus first on passing your exams and probably around March time after you're done with your exams, then you can start looking at on call preparation courses or resources raped again has some good uh call prep cases. There's another website which is RQ IC. You can have a look at that. Um And some, again, some articles. So if you're interested, you can take, um you can have a look at those. So either way I think it's, there's no substitute for doing the things yourself and just learning from it um on ground while you're in the hospital podcast. Um Some people prefer it. I'm not the person who is used to podcasts. Um apart from just like the other one, entertainment ones. Um So, um the podcast is really a thing. So some people, I had a few trainees who were like prepping for two a listening to this podcast, which is like songs for FCR. Um And this is basically just more to way of later on your career. Um You might need so raped or co radiology review. Um Some of some of them if you're interested in like, um it's a back table for IR maybe in inter can tell you more about this. There's an IR Juniors podcast. They're saying it's coming later this year in 23 24. Um right cast, they do have a podcast um RCR, they do have with some um academic radiologists and radiology A I podcast from RNA. So if you're a podcast person and you think it's, you move with like it, you can retain stuff um by listening to the podcast, then yeah, go for it. So my general advice would be, it's a chill. Yeah. Uh relax, uh take it easy and um nothing is really expected of you as an ST one when I started off first day. My TPD said, uh I just want you guys to like um pass your exams um in first year, preferably just get done with it in March. So you don't have to reset them. Um Then um just, just get on with the skills of ultrasound, plain film reporting and just get signed off for plain film reporting and general ultrasounds and find senior registrars who are happy to go with you and you'll find people who are more helpful than the others. Um It's a tough job. Some people would have, like, tough subspecialties so they might not be able to give you more time. Um, and also explores something outside of work. Um, that's interest. Um, you and, yeah, and we'll go through the exam stuff. Oh, thanks. Yeah. Um, I think exams probably stresses most people or people out the most because, um, they, they're not easy in radiology and, um, are you there? Yeah. Sorry. Can you hear me? Yeah, I can hear you. Oh, ok. Cool. Yeah, I'll just crack on them assuming everyone else can hear me. Yeah, radiology exams are not easy. And in interview you're like, yeah. Yeah, I know that hard exams. But until you're actually doing them we don't quite appreciate what they are having said that. Oh, cool. Yeah. So, um, yeah, they're not easy exams but having said that everybody gets through them, like, literally everybody and so if you prepare for them then you, sorry? Um, yeah. So anybody can do them, you know, like you, you're all smart people. You've done medical school exams. You did well in the MS R A. So, it, it, it's an exam at the end of the day. Um, the main thing in ST one is gonna be a part one and that's split into two parts, anatomy and physics. And generally most people give it the first setting in March. Um, if you don't, uh, pass either of them you can reset them in June. And then again in September, if you, if that, if it comes to that, um, you know, loads of people fail exams all the time in radiology, it's a normal thing. Um, you know, they have lowish, well, not lowish, but it's not uncommon for people not to pass and have repeated attempts. That's not, that's nothing to do with how good you are in radiology. It's, that's just how exams are. Um, and later on in your training. So kind of beginning flash mid of FD three is typically when you do your uh two A which is a big written exam of all of radiology. I'm currently prepping for that and it's killing me. But you know, that's a problem for future U. Um And then two B is a vir which is like various number of, there's various types of reporting. Um Again, I'm not going to dwell on that. Now, the earliest you can consider it is the end of ST three, you need at least 34 months of training in order to sit it. Um for this exam, I'd recommend that you book it as early as possible. So like now or as soon as your RCL membership get like kicked in just because you get more choice of location, you know, they do it in external centers. So you want to pick one that's close to you that you can actually access. Um They are separate exams. Remember to book both pre like trainees have got caught out because they've only booked one and assumed that they can, that covers both. It doesn't make sure that you have definitely booked both of them. Otherwise you're just gonna screw yourself. But, um, it, it's not cheap. Um, and often the ST one pay is not great. So it, you do feel it. But, um, unfortunately you just have to, uh, you have to pay for them, unfortunately, uh, next slide, but in terms of the basics of the exam, so I start physics because that's the thing that probably most people worry about what people worry about more. What it does is it tests the, the physics principles that is relevant to radiology. It doesn't, obviously it's not relevant in day to day practice, you know, 90% of what you learn in the exam, you will forget immediately after the exam. But it's the theory of like imaging physics. It's not a general physics exam. So the RCR have made a curriculum basically detailing what they want you to know. It's quite hard to find. So I put on the QR code here. Um You can save that or whatever and find it, but it's also accessible on the RCR website. It basically just lists a bunch of stuff that you're meant to know. Um So for example, it will have like CT and it'll have a few different things and principles you have to know anatomy is, I mean, obviously you have to know anatomy as a radiologist, it's your job. So this tests normal anatomy and normal variance. There is no pathology in this exam. Every single thing it asks you to identify is a normal structure or a normal variant that may be confused for pathology. Um And there's equal proportions roughly on like body parts and modalities. So you've got to know anatomy in general. A bear. I mentioned the radiology cafe mo those are pretty good. Um They're pretty reflect slash. I think it's a little bit easier than, than the real exam, but it's a great starting point. So if you're going to start anywhere, I would start on the Radiology Cafe mo and they're free and there's about 1800 questions in total. It's quite a lot. So you'll cover a lot of anatomy just by going through that uh next slide. Uh But this is a busy slide. It's mostly for your reference. So you can kind of come back to it. I'll start with physics again. Um So a lot of people recommend Fars, which is like the medical imaging textbook. Um Personally, I think it's a little bit outdated and very hard to read. Um I, I couldn't, I really, really tried to read it because that's what everybody said. I just couldn't do it. Like I, I was staring at the page for ages. So I, if you can survive it, I would read it. But if you can't like me, this is kind of like some alternative resources and, and what you'll find with physics is like sometimes the same concept explained in a different way just makes you makes a click. So don't be afraid to use a bunch of different resources. Like if one is not working, it's clearly not working. So you've got to find a different way to understand that concept. Otherwise you're gonna repeat the thing 10 times and still never know it. So that's the one thing that I mentioned with physics that's maybe different to other like radiology exams. Um A great resource that I found was there's a lecture series by some consultants at U CS D which is like the University of California at San Diego. Those are available on youtube or at least they were when I last checked and they basically cover radiology, physics for their American core exam, which it's not that different, the UK part one. And it's really, really good. I I found the way they explain concepts, really easy to understand and not too complex. Um So I would watch that lecture series. Um It's a bit slow so you can play it at slightly increased speed. My personal recommendation is that it is a must. Um especially if your local physics teaching is not that great. Um because you know, you can replay it and, and whatever to finally just make that concept stick in your mind. Um There is e-learning available so the RCR have what's called RTI modules. It's basically a bunch of e-learning resources. They're the people who wrote the exam. So it is a, you know, if you like e-learning, I would recommend it. It's a bit long. Um So it's something I guess you could start with and slowly work through if you wanted to. But, um, you don't have to do it. Like I didn't do much of it mostly because of time. Um But a lot of people do use it and find it helpful. The RSN A which is again, the American counterparts to the RCR also have some E learning modules which are pretty good. There are a few podcast episodes out there. Um So there's a couple of podcasts that happen to have a few physics episodes. Again, it's an alternative medium to try and learn it. So, you know, I tried reading it, it didn't work. So I just listened to some podcasts in the hope that somehow that, that would stick. So that is an alternative medium that you could use if, if that is your thing. Um Personally, I think questions are critical, like you can't just read and then know it because it's not test. You have to force yourself to try and apply that concept in a question to really know if you know it. Um And there are lots of not good physics questions out there. The two I think that are really worth doing are there's a Purple book by Grant Mare called Get Through and the Oxford book, which is Orange and those two are the best physics books to use. Um, there is another one called by IES, which is like a blue book. It's a bit harder than the real exam. Uh, you know, I know it would crush my confidence. I did it but it, you know, I wouldn't do it close to the exam, but it's another resource if you run out of questions and the other ones, um, unfortunately, there's no reliable online question bank. Um There is something called Past FRCR, which is basically a bunch of true or false questions lifted from far. Um I used it in pretty much as an alternative to us because I just thought like, you know, I might as well use it to learn some concepts but it, it's, it's basically just pure statements lifted out of the book. I think it's not quite reflective of the real thing and the anatomy is a bit less soul crushing to prep for. Um, because it's a bit relevant to your everyday life in A Os is absolutely excellent. I'd recommend that if you, if you can get your hand on it, definitely use it. Um I'm a big fan of youtube videos, the ones that explain anatomy, uh pretty well. Um Like videos in general, there's an RCR learning hub and they have a bunch of material and there's a few consultants who have contributed to anatomy videos, so it doesn't cover everything, but there's a few random ones that are, that are pretty good. Um I'd recommend for MS K anatomy because it is quite hard. There's a, there's a youtube channel called the Indian Radiologist and there's so much out there that if you specifically search this person, I think she covers the clinically relevant bits of MS K anatomy quite well. Um And neuro again is a tricky one that people struggle with. Um But the radioed founders are neuro radiologists and most of their videos are really good. So you can find one of those to learn anatomy. It's a pretty good one. There are lists of normal variants out there. There's one on radiology cafe and there's one by Gravino. It's a cram thing towards the end of the exam, you know, make sure you don't want to lose marks because you've just forgot to learn a normal variant. But I think questions are absolutely critical. There's a few books that are available which I'd recommend. Um Personally, I think the best question bank to train on is Radiology Academy. Bit expensive. And I think it's a bit harder than the real exam, but it forces you to learn anatomy quite well. Um They give you like a weird reformats and stuff. So i it's not 100% reflective of the exam, but it is good training and I would recommend it if, if you're gonna buy anything for anatomy. Um So definitely do that. And then Radiology Cafe is a little bit easier than the real exam, but it is a good reflection of the various things. So it is a good starting point to do because if you start on radiology, I think, I don't know, I would have cried. So I wouldn't recommend it. Um in terms of preparation, strategy for physics, I wouldn't start too early because you can over prepare. So it is a medical physics exam. You're not, you're not doing a physics phd. So you could easily overthink things and try and get into the nitty gritty of physics. But the truth is that that's not what they want, they want you to understand the basic principles of physics that underlie radiology. Um So learn the principles that you need in order to, you know, like understand radiology, you're not training to become a physicist. Um I'd say about three months is a decent amount for most of you. Um Like, for example, I didn't do physics since G CS E. So I was really stressed about it. But in hindsight, I think that helped because I didn't overthink things. I just learned what I needed to. And that is important because you can eventually, you know that the same statement could be true or false depending on what words you stress. But I wouldn't think too much about it once you've learned the core principles. Um As I mentioned, lots of people give you different advice. So I think it's really about do whatever you need to, to understand the concept and make sure you've done the questions that are relatively reflective of the real thing in terms of anatomy, as mentioned, it's all about volume. You need to see as much as possible and questions and excuse me, do as many as you can and learn it with those and supplement it with those. Um You know, like it may ask some videos and you'll just do better if you've seen more. Um So it is a case of volume. Again, you don't have to go crazy now, like just the day job will help you with anatomy because you have to report scans. Uh But it's important that you, you know, do the numbers of questions, I think for anatomy uh next slide. So, um I'm just gonna move on because we're already at eight o'clock. So I'll just bash through this and then we can do some questions and answers at the end. This is basically a miscellaneous section on a few opportunities that I thought I'd highlight because there's so many out there and it can always be overwhelming if you, if you, there's so much radiology stuff out there, it's tricky to know what's appropriate for your level. Um So I'll start memberships. Now, obviously you have to pay the RCR fee. RSN A which is the American Society is free. You just need to submit proof that you are in training. So you just ask your a yes or someone to do that. They have um really good, like online resources, you can access radiographic articles which are really, really good, like education stuff in the past that have been free to attend their conference. I think in the future it's going to be a reduced fee. Um but it's still relatively cheap and it is excellent. Like, I think it's one of the best radiology conferences I've been to because they really think about trainee education. So I would recommend at least going once in training. If you can, most places will allow you to go to an international conference at some point in training. Um And if you're looking for one, I'd suggest RSN A because, you know, you learn a lot, I think there's a few other subspecialty ones which are relatively cheap that might be worth getting. So peed is cheap. I see if you have an interest in that go for it. BS gar is the G I radiology one. They have loads of educational material that's really, really good. Um So 50 quid is a bit expensive but then if you are interested or you know, it's worth thinking about. Um B SI R is a bit expensive. That's the IR subspecialty, but it does allow. So it gets you CC memberships which is a European society and you know, you can apply for grants and stuff So if that is your interest, um Even though it is quite a bit of money, it is probably worth it in the end if you are planning to go to those uh next slide uh in terms of conferences for trainees, again, this is a bit biased, but um there's loads of conferences out there. And so these are a few which I've um come across that I think are pretty good. So again, I mentioned RSN A and I highly recommend going, especially if you have an interest in like A I or new imaging techniques because often they're showcased the RSN A first or even ECR which is the European one before the UK. Um which is, it's quite nice to see um you know, stuff that happens in the future. Uh I'd consider raped live. So you've probably heard of radio pedia, you can just Google stuff but they have um a, they have like a conference every year. It's like a five day conference of various um like talks and stuff. I it's a lot of, it's quite expensive but it is good. Like one of my colleagues went this year and said there was loads of good videos and you get access to it for 30 days. So we were just watching a few in our re room for, for a few days and they're really good. Um in terms of subs special ones you might be interested. So obviously Ir Juniors, we, they run a couple of events. So there's a national IR symposium that's happening next month in Manchester registrations are still open, so it's not too late. Um And also the IR Research Day, which is happening in November in London. Both of them are relatively cheap for a trainee conference about 35 quid. And it's a good networking opportunity um specifically for the Research day, the weekend before Rs and A I promise you, I'm not a sales rep for a but if you're planning to go there, then, you know, it's a nice thing, you can make a weekend out of it. The other one I'm gonna mention is brain. Um It's a bit niche, it's a new intervention. But what I really liked about that conference is they brought like engineers and other people and it was truly multidisciplinary which a lot of conferences don't have. So if say, like, you know, if you really like research or, you know, you want that kind of element to your radiology training, I would suggest that as well. Um Now each subspecialty has its annual meeting, but the quality of stuff for trainees is variable. Generally speaking, the societies that have trainee committees have better trainee events because they are represented in their like higher up meetings. So particularly Bs Pr for Peds, B SI R for intervention and G A Bs Gar for G I, the BS NR also has a neuro trainee committee. I, I've not personally looked at their trainee program, but maybe A B A can weigh in here at the end. Um There are a couple of trainees specific conferences we mentioned the, the IR stuff, there's also the Society of Radiologists in training. Um That's just for general radiology and they run a conference every year. Uh So next slide, um a few conferences offer trainee grants. So if you've not got funding locally, you can actually apply for the conference to help pay for you to go. Um These are just some that I've come across. Again. It's more for a reference. You can always come back to this later. Um But these are a few that, that have given money, trainee used to attend. Um It's mostly the richer radiology societies that have a bit more money, but um these are just a few. So yeah, next slide uh in terms of leadership opportunities. So again, this is more for reference, but I thought I'd put this here that um you have to do one leadership role at some point in training, that's how it is. But some of you might be interested in getting involved in national level stuff in your subspecialty society. So some of those have trainee committees, I've included some of those here. There's a few other national societies, for example, UK RST and I Juniors. Um And there's also some that are a bit more focused on research. So the unite collaborative um and obviously radiant as well. These are two that are focused on research. Um Again, I'll skip over it because we're running out of time. Uh Next slide again, uh The previous one is just to show that there is, if you're interested in research, there are potential uh kind of grants you can apply for, to get a bit of money to do some research and these are just some that are available uh next slide. So I thought I'd mentioned the RCR research because apparently no one's heard of it. But it's basically an RCR scheme in which non academic radiologists can basically, they can showcase their interest in research. So there's a bunch of domains and you basically submit evidence. So for example, you have to attend a stats course and apply for funding. And at the end, you get a certificate that shows that you're uh interested in research. Um part of it is that you have to attend the RCR Research Day, but now the IR Research Day has approval to be used for this. So uh if you are interested in it, that is there and I've just put a link there for, for those of you who are interested uh next slide again, I thought I'd put this up because you, you might often think radiology is all about new tech and all that, but that's not necessarily the case and there's quite a few kind of outreach type, uh things that are available. So if you, if this is something that you're interested in, like setting up radiology services in less developed countries, these are a few societies which do this sort of work. Um And you know, you can go for a shorter time, you can go for a longer time. Some people have done it as an out of program experience. Um All of these opportunities are available, so I've just included them here in case this is something that you're really passionate about. Um this is requested uh on the sign up form. So I'm not going to dwell on it too much because this is more about ST one. But as we mentioned, applications to IRS T four level um body and near are generally separate. Um but each gene will have their own thing. Um Generally speaking, they'll take internal candidates first and if they have space, they might open to externals, that's generally how it runs. Um Next slide, I think in terms of if you want to apply for it. Um He, these are a few things that I've been told and I don't know if Devi is here yet. Oh, sorry. Excuse me. I don't know if Devi is here yet, but um she might be able to help as well. I think the main thing is show you understand what it actually is. So it's not just doing the procedures because, you know, every radiologist does procedures, it's having a bit more clinical involvement in the patient pathway compared to if you're a general radiologist, um, it's important to show commitment early, but I'm, I've got to stress that it's not, not at the expense of your general radiology skills or your exam. So, you know, do your best to try and get into the, you know, do as many procedures as you can keep a log book. Um, but I think the most important thing is to show that you're a team player because ultimately I about working with other people. So that's, you know, by far, that's really, really important. You know, you've got to show that that is you. Um and you know, do some stuff like, you know, do, do an IR project or go to a conference, all of those just show that you're actually interested in it. Um So, you know, it's all the stuff that you would expect. Um But the most important thing is don't neglect general radiology. Um In fact, I would argue that it's more important because if you are going to do IR training, the only like dedicated general radiology you get is ST 1 to 33 years is not very long and you basically have to be a consultant with that knowledge. So you wanna be good. Um So do, do spend time being really, really good at general radiology skills. And also ideally they generally, they want you to pass exams because doing it whilst doing IR training is incredibly, that's hard enough doing it in diagnostic radiology. So, try and pass your exams, uh, like as soon as you can, um, every d is slightly different on how much stress they put on that. But I think generally that's kind of the feeling that you want to pass exams early on. I think that's pretty much it. I'm gonna wrap up. So, as a bearer said it's a pretty chilled year but it does take time to adjust because, you know, you don't really know any radiology. The, the nice thing is it's pretty much like, like 100% learning. You don't really do much service provision or you can't because you don't really know any radiology. Um And so it's quite nice. I mean, some people don't like it because you're used to being useful on a ward and then suddenly you're thrown into radiology when you don't really know much. And it's a bit like starting medical school again, but, you know, just embrace it and enjoy it like it, it definitely beats some of the chaos of the ward at least temporarily. Um But, you know, show interest. I, I'd argue that doing little and often is way more than just doing random bits and it is all cumulative. Um All the work you put in sometimes doesn't seem like it yields any fruit, but it's a bit like compound interest and you'll, you'll thank yourself for it. So, you know, like, do show interest and and do little bits and keep going as you, as you go. Um The one thing I'd mention is, you know, like some people, it might seem like people are ignoring your at ST one and, you know, often they are busy but they are like watching and what someone once told me is radiology training is basically a 5 to 6 year job interview. Um So, you know, be nice speaking all of those normal things that, that you would do. Um And there are so many opportunities. So, you know, if you are interested in all that and do take that um I've been rambling for a long time, so I'm going to pause that and then uh we can do some questions. These are just some QR codes for the Facebook group for UK RST and the I Junior whatsapp group. Um It's a good ways for a lot of this information and useful links are disseminated through the whatsapp group. So um I'd recommend joining them if you can. Cool. That's it for me, Inra. And a we've got a question I asked, can you further elaborate? I'm a senior medical student and considering IR for specialty, what conferences are more suitable for a student level. Yeah, I think the main one is NS which is the National Interventional Radiology Symposium. It's mainly mainly for people who don't know a huge amount about interventional radiology. So that would be the best one to go to a lot of the others are very, like much more advanced. And so it's very tricky for a student to engage in it. You know, like if you're listening to a talk and they just say a bunch of technical words, you're just not gonna engage with it. So I'd say that one is the best one to go to. Are there any questions guys? Anything else that you wanna wrap in the chat before we wrap up? Uh for the air? Yeah, we can try and get you a link for the Iogen whatsapp. Yeah. So it says ID T, how common is it? But I'm not sure what ID T stands for. I think it means inter transfer. Um Yeah, some people do it, it I think it depends on your reason. I mean, generally speaking, if you fit one of the reasons then fair enough, like usually it's because of life reasons. Um again, every, it's, it's not that common because generally, you know, when people sign up to radiology, it's a run through training program. So people really think about where they want to spend their time. But obviously, you know, people's life circumstances change. So it it's, it's not uncommon people do it. Um And I think generally speaking, if you have like a valid reason, it usually happens, but I don't have any personal experiences of it. Unfortunately, someone said everyone says to train in the region you want to be a consultant in should you focus on location or any national training number. Yeah. I, I wouldn't agree with that. I mean, it's ok, you're probably more familiar with the environment, but it's good to explore. So I did my core training in Wessex. I have now moved to Oxford, which is different Deanery. Um, and you come and like you explore different regions and, um, you see how things work in different departments and in different setup. Um, And I'm sure you'll get a consultant job anywhere. So you don't have to be specific, especially now you are. Um if you are in a region, if you've got a training number in a region, um you don't want to continue training in or you probably don't want a consultant job and I'm sure you can probably just work on your c we get some contacts with the people in your later in ST four of like probably in ST four if you want to move, like after finishing your training. Um and they have to create a job for you. Basically, I DT there is OK. So Jake has answered that for IDT, there is a form with criteria on a website. Um And there's a different reasons and I know there was a trainee, I think Tom moved and Dr Tom moved from Wales in your region in Oxford. So mostly it's family reasons. Um And it depends if they have capacity, they might, they might take you, but sometimes the other trainee that the schemes are like also difficult to let you go because they don't want to lose the trainee. Sometimes people go on that leave where people take out programs and things. But it just, yeah, you have to ask the question. Yeah. And uh you have to do it either after your first year or sometimes after your ST three. I think they have to the specific criteria. Any other questions guys, before we wrap up? Right? Ok. I think we'll call that an evening. Thank you everybody for joining us for your questions. Please fill out the feedback form. Um If, um, if you can, because you get a certificate. Um Thank you, Marjorie. And um any other questions you can always post them in the UK RST Facebook or in the Ir Juniors, whatsapp and, um, contact us to the IJ website. Have a great night and take care everybody. Bye. Ok, bye.