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So, uh, so for the session, we'll be focusing on talking through what is COPD, especially foundation program. We'll talk a little bit about the application process and when the lines are you, if you're interested in buying for S f peace And, uh, Doctor Henschel has kindly come join us decision and we're talking about like a day in the life of SFP doctor. So as I mentioned, SFP Specialized Foundation program is previously known as Academic Foundation Program. This is different from the standard foundation program that most UK medical measures. And, uh, it's a type of foundation program that allow doctors to have that time to complete academic work outside the political commitments and this academic work would be quite varied. Actually, it could be researched that you're interested in research. It could be a medical education or it could be some leadership, management and program that things that you wouldn't you wouldn't probably necessarily have the opportunity when, during the standard foundation program uh, you, uh it doesn't mean that if you don't do the sfp, you won't get time to do this academic work. You will still have opportunities to do this academic work. But uh, one of the thing is, uh, if you are in SFP gives you protected time for that work. It varies between different regions. Some some region will give you, uh, academic block for four months. Or one of the rotation will be, uh, so leave for the academic bird and you do five clinical rotations as opposed to six clinical rotations in the standard foundation program, Uh, some some regions who give you one day per week throughout the whole of two years to do academic work. So for and so it really depends on each region how they want to deliver the specialized foundation program and to find out more about how each region, uh, does their social explantation program. The best thing to do is to visit the scenery different scenery website. So, for example, Yorkshire and humbled injury or, uh, Londonderry's northwestern region. Each foundations who has has their own website and they will have a section on specialized foundation program. And they will tell you all about what, uh, what s f p they are they are offering and how they will deliver that. So moving onto talking a little bit about the application process so the first step is to is to apply. So you, everybody, everybody to graduate from the UK meckel's who have to apply for the Standard Foundation program first before you can apply for specialized foundation program. The application window is the same for the Standard Foundation program and the Special Foundation program. We have to submit your application for Standard Foundation program first before you can submit your application form Standard Standard, a specialized foundation program. All the, uh, application forms on the system called the Oreo, Uh, and you have, uh, more talks from from your medical school about the Orioles system. So for Standard Foundation program, the whole of United Kingdom is separated into different regions, So there's 19 units of publication. And, uh, so, for example, Scotland is region. Northern Ireland is region, uh, London, for example, separated into four different regions. Uh, so for the for the whole list of 19 units of application refer to the handbook that the U. K F. P. O has on their website. I will tell you which how they're going to split the whole of the United Kingdom into the 19 units of application. So this is a map that you can see. Uh, and, uh So when you apply for the standard foundation program, you're you You need to first of all, rank the different regions in the hold of reference. So where you want to go to, uh, first to the 19th and the application window this year for the 2021 for the 2022 for for you, For the doctors are starting 2022. August is eight. 22nd of September. So within that window, you, uh, if you apply, if you want to apply for a specialist relation between have to apply for the standard foundation program and also the specialist foundation program within the same period of time. So the selection process for the, uh foundation program and a specialized foundation program is slightly different, uh, slightly more in the source of specialized foundation program parts. But for everyone who applies for foundation program, you get, uh, you have 100 points available, and this is called the educational. Um, it's called E p M. I can't remember what it stands for. Sorry, but basically it consists of a couple of things. First is the medical school performance So you get the death star ranking within your medical school and you get points from 34 to 43. So if you're in the first that sell, you get 43 points your second dose. So you get 42 points if you that's how you get 41 points. And, uh And if you have any additional degrees so any B S c and the M S C s or even in PhD, you get, uh, maximum of five points from that. And if you have any publications, you can get two points. So there's one point for each publication, and they do require a apartment i d. For publication to be counted as a for you to have that point for publications. And so that makes a big city point for the E. P. M. And you also do a test for the sgot the situation to a judgment test, which is normally around the December and January time, and that makes up 50 points, and together you get 100 points maximum, and this is the point that the U. K F. P O will use to rank you and uh, will will. Then the first top scoring applicant will then be first be allocated to to their region according to their order of preference and then most of the list, Um, and then to allocate you to a specific region. So specifically for the specialized foundation program, you first have to complete the standard foundation program. And then you can start the specialist foundation program application. The application form is, uh, mentioned. This memorial is very similar to the standard politician program, but there are some additional sections where you have to complete as the, uh, the foundation school would like to know a little bit more about, uh, you for the specialized foundation programs. So for S F. P s, um, the whole of U K is self separated into different, uh, a U. O H. Academic unit of application. Uh, remember, we talked about how the UK separated into the unit of application 19 units of application for the Center Foundation program for the academic, um, for the Specialist Foundation program is slightly different in terms of how they divide the region's. It's slightly less than 19, and they do change it here. So for the latest, uh, for the latest update just refer back to the guidance on the U. K F U website. So what What are the different additional sections you have for the specialist Foundation program application form? So, uh, one of which is the wide space questions this, uh, set set by each academic units of application and these additional questions that you have to answer in your application from when you're applying for the specialized foundation program and what they came, they came to understand more about your aspirations pressuring an academic career. They're normally about three questions for each application form. Uh, but it does vary, uh, and each each question will give you approximately about 2. 25 22, 30 word count. And I think that would count. You have to, uh, to answer that question, uh, specifically, and to talk a little bit more about your aspirations for pursuing an academic career. We do have a session coming up on writing whitespace questions coming up. So if you are interested in by a specialist foundation program, which I know you, you are, uh, strongly encourage you to come to that session as well. And the second, uh, additional section that you have to fill in for specialized foundation program is a supporting evidence, and this is any additional achievements that will help you stand out from other applicants. So this includes things like publications, presentations or representations, local, national or international level or any additional degrees. So for foundation program, you can add in, uh, and the publications that you've had and then the additional degrees that you had for special education program. You can also add those in it. Also, you can add any presentations that you did. Uh, and often people ask how many applications or how many presentations what I need. So it varies between different regions. But from what I understand is, most academic units of applications will take up to 10 publications and up to 10 presentations. Uh, different, uh, academic unions of applications will score them differently, so some will give you an extra points for publication or some of the two extra points for every publication. Uh, and for presentations, they have their own scoring system as well. So, together with that 100 points system that I talked about and then we'll addition to the points coming from publications, presentation and additional degrees that will make up, uh, a separate score. That's the foundation school we used to rank you. If you apply for the specialized foundation program, you can apply to a maximum of two units. Academic uniforms application. So, for for the for the standard foundation program, you just make one application form and you rank the different unit application in the order of preference for Specialized foundation program, you have to do, uh, separate application form for each region you want to apply to. So, for example, if you want to apply to the Northwest and you want to apply to London, you have to do two applications for one for each of the academic unit of application. And within each application form, you have to, uh, do the do all the basic information about yourself and also the additional things, uh, support the evidence and whitespace questions specifically for that foundation school. And you also have to rank the, uh, the jobs, the different rotations. That's the academic units of application offer for Specialist Foundation program, the order of preference. And then they will, uh, get you to that according to your preference, Um, and the specifically for a specialist foundation program. Each foundational school will offer a a number of different tracks. But for a specialist foundation program, you do not have to rank all the tracks. You're not required to preference or the SFP positions for a specific foundation school. You can rank the ones that you are interested in, uh, and that that, uh, ranking you have to do within that window of the eight to the 22nd of September. But you do have the opportunity to amend those preferences for specialized foundation program, uh, before the sixth of January 2022 at noon, time for all the applicants for specialized foundation program. But, however, just note that some academic unit of application may set earlier preferences deadlines. So, uh, just make sure that you check your real and local foundation school website so you don't miss the missed the deadline for amending your preferences if you wish to. So so for so we've gone through a little bit about the application process. For more information, you can always look at the U. K F U website. They have, uh, a lot of information about the programs out there by space questions. Uh, if you want to know about what the medical places are and what the few days, Uh, they also on there for more specific information about this, uh, specialist foundation program itself. Uh, I think you'll be better if you go into each foundation school website to look directly into the into their program for much never information. The U K F p O will be a good website. Uh, so moving on. So next next part of the application for the Specialist Foundation program is after after, if you submitted the application, they will calculate the school according to your E P M score 50 mg t score of 50 and then the additional supporting evidence, Any publications, any presentations on the additional degrees and they give they have a score for each applicant and each foundation school. Look at all the application applicants and we'll invite applicants who they think, uh uh have have have a higher score to invite for interview. So, as I mentioned before, the scoring system do vary in each academic union of application. Uh, but they, uh what is the same is the educational score, which you get for 50. Uh, and, uh, the sgot uh actually for a specialist foundation program. Uh, they will not use the S J T score to rank the candidates because the SGPT is set after usually set after the, uh, the interviews has already been done for the Specialist Foundation program, so the scoring system will only consist of the e p m. Score your medical school. That's how you score the white space questions that you have to answer for a foundation school. And all the supporting evidence is, uh, once you get a offer for interview and after that offer to for a specialized foundation program, you do have to achieve the satisfactory school for the S J T. In order for you to start a specialized foundation program. But there's no uh, So So that's what the Constitution satisfactory score is different each year. Uh, it's usually around 35 36 points out of 50. Uh, correct me if I'm wrong, but the so once you get the offer, it doesn't matter what your score is, S J. T. As long as it is satisfactory for STD, then you're okay to undertake that specialized foundation program. Uh, we do know that not all academic units of applications will have interviewed. Most of them will do. But because of the copay situation, some some foundations who decided not to have interview, for example, the region e P. H for the application around for 2021. There are no interviews and applicants was called on the e p m the white Space questions and supporting evidence, UH, to check whether at the academic units of applications doing interview this year, refer back to the uh U K F. U website, and they'll have the information of those on whether they will hold an interview. It is very likely that you will have an interview if you apply for a specialist foundation program and again, another session hosted by us. The stuff on on how to, uh, prepare for the interview for the specialized Foundation program so strongly encourage you to come to that session as well. If you have been selected for the interview, you received the email from the foundations directly. Uh, and you may also get a notification on your ear, which is the system you used to apply for the Foundation program. 10 point interview for the 2021 to 2023 co foundation doctors. The interviews were conducted online through some Americans, often because of the 19th pandemic for the 2022 for application. So the application of this year, the foundation schools have not yet published whether the interviews this year will be online or in person yet. So give an eye out for that, uh, for sure that when the when the foundation school, uh, sent you an email to invite you for an interview to also give you more information about that. So after you've had the interview, you were coming to the stage where you hopefully be in, uh, in the future is receiving an offer for specialized education program. Uh, this will be notified to you by email on, uh, on your real, and you must accept or decline the offer within 48 hours of receiving an offer so each academic unit of application will give our office a different timelines. So if you if you receive offers from both, uh, if you apply for two academic unit of application for specialized foundation movement, if you receive offers from both, then you have the choice of, uh accepting either of them. But for example. Say, Like if you have an offer from academic unit of application in one, but not the other yet, Uh, then then you have to decide within that for the hours, whether you want to take that offer or whether you want to wait for the for the other academic. You need an application to give you that offer. Uh, but since it's a sort of a national process, they I think all of the academic unit of application, we'll give our office at the same time. So you will. You are likely to hear from both of them at the same time on the same day. If you've made two, you need two applications for two units. Uh, academic units of application. Uh, another thing to notice. You don't have to apply for to you can. You can apply to your maximum two academic doctor application, but you can also only apply for one academic unit of application. Uh, if you only, uh, interested in going to a specific region for a specialist foundation program. If you choose to accept the Specialist Foundation program offer, you would be automatically withdrawn from the Standard Foundation program selection as you have accepted the offer for foundation program. If you have not accepted a the offer for specialized foundation program or if you have not received an offer, then you be automatically be included in the National Standard Foundation program selection process, and you wouldn't need to do anything. The UK FBO will will monitor that and UH, will automatically include you in a standard foundation program, uh, selection process. So that is why, when you're applying for, if you want to apply for specialized foundation program, you have to apply for both the Standard Foundation program. And also the Specialist Foundation program is a situation where you do not accept the offer or specialist foundation program or you have not received an offer. You would be included in the foundation program that you have applied for it. So this is just a brief time line of the government academic. This application will without the office, so the first office will be given up from 12 to 14 of January 2022. This is the 1st, 1st group of Africans that will give the office to uh, and then the deadline is a fraction is 48 hours for for these Africans to, except for the decline that offer. And after that, there will be a number of cascade afterwards because, uh, each academic units of application has a number of specialized foundation program, and in some situations, some applicants may not take up that, uh, spot in that in the SFP for in in each region. So there will be a number of cascade office that goes on, uh, for first Cascade, second Cascade, first Cascade and on according to those timeline. And and so if you, uh in that 12 to 14 January period, if you did not, if you applied for the specialist Foundation program did not get an offer, there's still a chance for for you to receive an offer to different cascades. So hi, everyone. My name is David. I've just finished the FDA in in Edinburgh, and I think my experience was probably quite a tradition one in that I had one form of academic block where I could focus on my own interests and five clinical attachments have er in Edinburgh. Working aware of the academic block is a bit controversial. We have to do a proposal and to a panel for selection to the academic block. So I see SFP or AFE an old money for being kind of three kind of main types of people. One group is that the research. We're interested. They want to just try out research and see if it's for them. And if that's you, then that's definitely an appropriate option. There's another kind of group who are very savvy. They kind of recognize that regardless of whether you've got any interest in academia or not, this is a perfect opportunity to develop your CV. And maybe you're that person who just got in for that S t one orthopod course, of course. Or that s t one offer a pod job. And then there's kind of the third option and that someone is going to be quite research, committed, heavily involved in research, kind of a lot of medical school, and they know that they're probably going to want to be a clinical academic. And I think I fall into the lateral group, so that's just worth bearing in mind as I talk about my experience. And usually I hate talking to people talk about themselves too much, but because I'm going to be talking about my experience. It's worth kind of highlighting just where I am now and that I'm making my own academic year now as an f Y. Three in that I'm picking jobs to be a local men that are really relevant to me like especially I haven't done before. Maybe getting across New Zealand and any time I'm unemployed, whether intentional or not, I can use that as academic time to work on research projects, things like that. And it's going to give me a bit of time to get my application in order for maybe a future academic track. Okay, um, so I think people tend to forget and think of sfp have been something really unique and that you're somehow quite different from the other foundation, your doctors and you're really not so in my foundation program that it was very, very clear that you're focusing on your clinical development for and all of that one. So you've got I had no academic time, so bear in mind any academic things that I've managed to do, then I'll just do it in my spare time after work weekends, whatever. So I could have done this on just a completely normal foundation program. So my first job was late on psych. Really great job. Pretty chill, well supervised. But I have a long commute because of that was a bit too tired to be working on lots of research. And I generally didn't really do much academic work at all in my spare time or or during that job. I was just kind of getting my research proposal in order for next year in terms of planning the project, What would it be? What's my research question? Doing a PowerPoint presentation to a panel? And then I was quite fortunate to get selected to the academic block and fly to. I have a consultant with one pretty low quality audit that was looking at kind of monitoring blood and physical health parameters in psychiatric in patients. And that audit was a pretty much a waste of time, which is quite common experience in people who kind of help a consult with an audit that they're just doing for their own portfolio. And I also try to do a Q I project. So for those of you who are going on to find a strain, it's worth kind of thinking about. If you want to do a quality improvement project, how are you actually going to involve quality improvement methods? So you need to think about having interventions. You need to think about continuous data collection. You want to kind of see whether there's been a change in whatever outcome you're measuring after intervention. And for those who are applying, for example, to medical training. It's quite funny the this kind of arms race and how their scoring applicants. But for example, this year top marks needed three plan do study Act cycles, so essentially free interventions, so one after the other. So you need to kind of design them very carefully. I was working on in my spare time a bit of a manuscript drafting for some student projects I hadn't finished, and I got the opportunity to do a little bit of teaching. So next in my medicine job, it was initially really stressful. So it's kind of your four months in and now my first real proper job and kind of getting to grips with kind of the standard things that f I ones are expected to terms of writing, lots of ideals, lots of admin clinical skills, bloods, clerking, reviewing sick patients. And I guess the first two months was medicine. And then I had about a month of respiratory, and towards the end of that I was starting to get a bit better at things and then kind of cove. It struck. And what was quite clear is that there were loads and loads of collaborative research opportunities, and I think they're always are massive collaborations that you can get involved in. And you contribute a little bit to their research project in terms of 10 2030 patients and you end up with your name on the the paper that comes out as a collaborator. And I think that's quite useful, useful output. And it's quite helpful to kind of review other people's protocols and projects. I think actually, in this massive study with loads and loads of big brains planning it, is there anything that didn't plan that well? Is there anything that's not quite running well, and how would you have done it differently? So you all may have heard of the recovery trials, so I got the opportunity to recruit patients with Cove in 19 in hospital who are unwell and I could retreat them to in our city. And if you want to get involved in randomized control trials, if you end up on an SFP, you'll probably be a hospital that has a clinical trials unit that kind of links in with them, and all you have to do is kind of find that and drop them an email or going in person and ask is only trials you can get involved in. And ideally, it would be something you can do on your clinical job. So you're not actually going out of the way too much to to contribute to research and to kind of help patients get involved in research. There's a few other kind of collaborative projects that were pretty easy to get involved in, like coated service who may well have heard of star search and Coated service was kind of star surgical research. Global services are all these massive collaborations who, despite the insurgents, were doing really, really good collaborative research really, really important academic questions in their research. There was also a few kind of literature research projects available, so even though in the head of a pandemic where it looks like you can't meet people in person. They are very often lots of online research projects that you can be contributing to it, and they may or may not have kind of clear off criteria. But very often they might kind of credit you as a as a collaborator in the paper that comes out and it's quite controversial, But I think generally these are pretty useful. Outfits are quite interesting research experiences. So kind of two of those projects was robot surgery is kind of looking at essentially a systematic review, and that comes of robotic surgery in various, um, surgical operations and also the coated living evidence summary, which is called Coated Soles, which is still very active. And I think if you do kind of reduced 75 papers, which is probably just less than 10 hours work. Just a few hours work with you on their website and any publications next to my final one job, it was covered. I'm used to lots and lots of clerking patients and then back to research. You eventually and I find this was kind of my experience of my all my foundation training as as you get more clinically competent you feel so much less stressed. You're not worried about work out of work. You get home, switch off, you can relax or you have the energy family to work on whatever research you want to do in your spare time. So I had a nice rotor and I was feeling pretty good clinically so I was able to put lots of patients to recovery. And because my brother was nice, I was able to use my annual leave any days off to tend data science quarters. And that was really helpful preparation for my research project, which I'll come on to the next. And the other aspect is, how do you get involved in teaching? So I imagine most of the people on this call our medical students and if you're a medical student, think it's really obvious how you get involved in teaching. You simply just don't ignore. As a foundation doctor. You don't ignore the various medical students on the wall on the ward who would probably love to be taught, or even just any junior staff. So at this point in time, there's lots of interim F y once or if I was kind of starting a month or two early, and there's lots of opportunities for me. Whenever it wasn't too busy. Just do some impromptu teaching other ways to get involved in teaching kind of more. Formally, you can contact very often. There's a postgraduate medical education or some medical education center. You can contact and say, Do you have any courses that you're running that I can learn about teaching methods or just contacting any of the consultants you involved in a local medical school? It's pretty easy to get formally involved in teaching, provided you have the time and energy so next onto my appetite, too. So this is when I actually did have some academic time and that I start with a four month research block. And so during the research block, I think it's very common that you might do some clinical shifts, and generally it's just a handful. So I think I maybe had 14 clinical shifts in a form of block, so a few hospital might shifts and some kind of out of ours cover from medicine of the elderly. And even though it may be less than 15 shifts, it does feel quite annoying when you think you're on a research block, but actually you're shattered from your night shifts or you have to do some clinical work the weekend. So what did I do with my research block? So I had actually intended to stay in Edinburgh was lucky to get Edinburgh AFP, and that meant that I actually knew what supervisors were good. And I had kind of planned a project from perhaps earlier than I should have in that I did a systematic review in genetic cause of the stroke and I worked with kind of my supervisor thinking just approaching her to say I'm hoping to apply to a fee. I may may not get a formal research block. Could we kind of plan a project that we could do together? So I was looking at the genetic overlap between stroke and kidney disease, and I got to use kind of big data sets and learn some useful skills that will hopefully set me up a bit better for the future. So the skills that was learning there's a computing language called our to some may have heard of things like our studio, which is kind of the program that lets you kind of run are in a bit of a user friendly manner, so I tend to some data science courses. Nephi one. That meant that I could kind of start that a little bit with a little bit of experience. I was also using a resource called the UK Biobank, which has half millions of people clinical data, which tends to be their clinical disease codes. So disease code is every time someone comes in the hospital and their discharge. And the diagnosis was a heart attack. So and it might, according function very often will be kind of a short number code that attached to that, someone will read the discharge letter. They often not a medical person, and I'll attach disease codes to various hospital data. And that would mean you can find everyone who's had a heart attack. And so I was looking at patients with certain kidney disease is based on a certain code list, and I was looking whether or not there were genetic variants that we see in stroke more common in those groups. So it's quite an interesting project, and genetics and big data and biotin because kind of the the air I want to go into and and it kind of remains definitely quite a hot or kind of topical area to go into. And because I actually had a very low clinical time. If someone sent around an email saying Guys, could someone help out with this off ski or clinical examination? Teaching. It's pretty easy for me to volunteer and just check It was found by my supervisor because I had all this spare time. It felt like I could organize my time as I saw fit. So if it seems kind of the best use of my time, might be to take a day or two to work on diet and RCIs or writing up the project from a few months or a year previous, then I could do that. And what's worth bearing in mind is this is the only unique thing to my SFP. I didn't really get much academic time, and I need the other blocks, so every other kind of block is just a normal foundation program block. So next I had been on medicine. We're just looking after dialysis and renal transplant patients generally, and it was a low stress job with a nice road So, actually, this is when I felt like I started to do quite a lot a lot of research, And it's amazing how much you can get done in your kind of spare time if you're not stressed and you're not actually working that many hours and you're finishing on time and you got lots of energy. So this is a great opportunity to get involved in. So lots of the NIH are funded. Trials are running what's called an associate principal investigator scheme. And essentially, what's that involved is over six months Timeline. Uh, you get involved in your local clinical trials. You know, there's an expectation that you're going to help them recruit patients, learn a bit about trial methodology and kind of clinical documentation, and with that will give you kind of a qualification of sorts that you can use as evidence down the line. If if, um clinical trials scenario that you want to get involved in, and at this point in time, I kind of realized, Actually, I've never actually done a proper quality improvement project. And actually, if you talk to me most people doing an order or acute project very often it's not really a cute I project if there's not clear interventions in monitoring continuous data, and this is kind of where I got to plan a project and think about, how could I actually take maximum points down the line if I was trying to get get that for the Q I section on medicine applications. So, for example, for that, what I did was I had lots of ideas. One idea was it was quite clear that visa status. So whenever someone is for CPR or D N a R, wasn't that well documented on our ward? Um, but that felt like anytime I've raised it with myself, and they all thought, actually, it was documented exceptionally well, and it felt like it be a bit controversial or wouldn't actually go any anywhere with that if I was to kind of pursue that and then the other audit idea bark you, I idea I had was to look at. So one issue was when you're meant to do routine coated swab was changing quite often, and loads of people didn't know when it was meant to be done. So both nursing doctors and maybe it wasn't being is done by the book in terms of some patients weren't getting a swab when they should be, and actually quite a helpful or what kind of really accelerate these ideas after an outbreak of coated on the ward, which has really high mortality and dialysis or transplant patients? That was kind of quite a nice time for me to suggest. How about we do a quality improvement project with regards to this, and you can have really simple interventions so simple interventions could be writing on the medication chart could be writing it on a new column in the doctors on board. We have a list of all your patients, things like that, and then you monitor your kind of outcome of interest and see if things improve for or potentially get worse and helped a few other people with kind of audits. And it's worth always thinking it's fine to say no and be really selective on what you get involved in, because lots of projects aren't actually going to go anywhere. But if someone has an idea and their consultant and they sound like they, they'll help you present it, and actually it's going to go somewhere. It's quite nice to get involved if you have the time. So I had four academic days that I could use as I saw fit here, and essentially what I used them was four days where I just study for M R C E p Part one to get out of the way. Because on this board there was lots of medical students all the time, and I wasn't that stressed and my colleagues were stressed. I did like dozens or maybe 100 hours teaching because any day there's always medical students. I could just ask peers. Okay, if I take an hour or half an hour and do some teaching and then on to my final job. So this is neurology neurosurgery in Edinburgh. Despite it being a neurology job, it's actually maybe two first neurosurgery. So at this point in time, I felt really quite clinically confident and competent. And when you're feeling not stressed work, you finally actually have the energy to get really involved in things. So there was an over our CT set up, and that was been running. Edinburgh called. He he'll covered, which is sorry. It's across the whole of the UK as well that was looking at kind of randomizing patients to a statin or pick Zyban or placebo to see if you could reduce mortality after discharged hospital in patients who have had covert. A friend contacted me to get involved in helping him with some research projects that simply hadn't gone anywhere because the supervisor actually didn't give him any supervision. I felt kind of capable that actually, I know how to rewrite this and get it ready for submission. They were like case reports from medical papers, and he also had been contacted by itself to do a systematic to you. But I actually have no idea on systematic a few methods, which is quite helpful. Whenever you've done a project, you're actually a huge asset to appear wherever they be a few years older, a few years younger, and you can actually advise them how what you got your message is going to be, what the practical steps it can be quite fun to be involved in some kind of trainee or medical student society. So one society I've been involved in is nonsense, which is a neurology, generally medical student or foundation doctor society, and I was able to help with designing one of their epilepsy studies. And then kind of I'm finally kind of getting on top of my clinical work, and I feel like I've got the energy to start writing things up and things like that. So just to finish off, no matter where you're going to do a recipe, virtually all of your time is clinical. Think quite a lot of people don't grasp that. But academic time, if you get any, even if it's just one day, a week or half day, a week or even just a full form of block, that certainly helps you get really just kind of dig in really deep into certain area, really important to find good mentors. So I think a lot of people don't really follow the difference between a mentor and a supervisor. So a supervisor is is the kind of senior offer a paper or project and they will hopefully be directing the rest of the team or you in what you're doing, what the heck is going to be spotting the mistakes before? Actually you've done the methods and it's too late to correct them, whereas a mentor is kind of anyone who knows more than you about anything, and they can kind of give you a practical advice. So lots of the foundation or SFP programs will design you a mentor. So you will. On the day one or first week, you might say, I'm David, and I'm really interested in neurology and maybe renal, And they might be like, you know, any Well, because also, we can put you in touch with one of them. If and then what essentially happened is I thought I knew what this was and I knew, uh, consultant, neurologist who's supervising project in the past. But actually, if someone is offering you mentorship, it's really good to kind of just accept it and kind of range the first week and see if is this someone who makes time for you actually knows what. You don't know how you can improve your career. You're kind of projects just your general direction. So just finish with some caveats. There's no typical experience, meaning that everyone kind of has their own interests. You kind of end up in your own area of research. Teaching leadership and the problems themselves could defer quite a lot in terms of how flexible. They are. What are people's experiences like? I think your experience is always going to be tailored to you. If I didn't get on top of my clinical work, I suspect I would have done exceptionally little research or academic work. So I guess the AM initially should really be to be a competent foundation doctor. And then once you kind of become incompetent, you feel like actually you got the energy to do things on top of that. And I think generally it's quite where the opportunity to just get handed, too. So you might be handed the and an academic block. But you really have to make your own opportunities, and the opportunities cannot be limitless if if you're going to stick them, okay, and I'll leave things there.