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Thank you very much, Jelani. Hi, everyone. My name is Vishal. I, I am uh as Jilani mentioned an F I one doctor on the, at the east of England, um Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital Foundation Trust. And so today, we are hopefully going to be talking about um kind of the process to become a junior doctor and also kind of talk about a little bit of the process with regards to how to achieve specialty training here. If at any point, anyone has any questions, please feel free to uh put your questions in the chat and I'll try to get to them at the end of the, at the end of the talk today. But if it's something that I feel like we can address while we're doing the slides, then I'll absolutely try and get to them. So, uh without further a do, let's get started again. Huge. Thank you to our sponsor Medical Protection Society for sponsoring this talk. So, uh the goals of today's um first half of the uh lecture is kind of to just explain what the foundation program is, uh explain the overall application process for the foundation program. Uh take a little bit of a review of the exams now required for licensure and the foundation program eligibility. Also explaining the process of GM see registration and then based on the 2023 timeline, what kind of just go through what that was like? Um And you'll be able to expect a relatively same thing for the 2024 timeline or after this if you'd like um for when you're applying for foundation training or specialty training. And the reason why we're using the 2023 timeline is unfortunately, they only release the guidance once a year and that will be in June. So we're a few months early, we'll try and get everything sorted out for you guys. So we'll just start with what is the foundation program? So, uh the foundation program is a two year kind of work based training program. It helps to bridge the gap between medical school and our specialty or general practice training. And so, um priority by the General Medical Council is to make sure that we're able to deliver safe and effective patient care. Uh And aspire to excellence in professional development. When you go to any foundation school, you'll be required to create a portfolio and that portfolio will be based on patient encounters that you have in hospital, as well as direct observation of procedures and uh many clinical exercises. You'll combine all those things in addition to your teaching and show that you're able to um support with evidence. Um the competencies required to be first a graduated F one doctor. So to go from provisional registration, too, full registration as enough to doctor. And um that's the most important thing basically and the main outcome of the of the UK foundation program. Uh So there are 19 foundation schools across the UK as you can see with this map here and based on the area that you apply to and starting with East Anglia and then going all the way up to northern Ireland, Scotland, all these areas. And so when you go to apply uh for foundation training, you'll be usually ranking these areas. So you'll be ranking each part of the country and then you'll be ranking the programs or the rotations within each, each trust or each unit of application rather. So what's the overall process like for, for um international medical graduates? So there's, there's really five steps to all of it and we'll go through each one in a bit more detail. But as a summary, first, you'll submit something called an eligibility application. Uh and that is set out by the U K F P O, then you'll submit a program for the foundation program or a specialized foundation program depending on whether or not the U K F P O agrees to your eligibility application from there. You'll complete exams as per, again, whatever your eligibility application said. And as per um the K F P O applicant guidelines, then you will be applying for foundation schools like that picture that I showed you earlier with all the, the different units of application. And then after that, you'll be applying to specific jobs within that trust or within that unit of application or whatever it is and then finally you'll match. Um So how does let's start first with the U K F P O eligibility application? So prior to being able to apply to any foundation school or any interest or any foundation program, you need to do a pre application process. And this is called the eligibility application. Uh These are usually submitted in July on a page called Oriole. That is the application um program that they use here. It's um and so who are the people that need to submit these um who are the people that need to submit these eligibility applications? So essentially it is any non UK medical graduate? AKI MGS an old UK graduate. So someone that's been out of medical school for at least two years or a UK medical school that's outside of the UK. So an example would be Saint George's University London, which has a satellite location in Cyprus. And so these people would also need to submit an eligibility application process or eligibility application rather. And the U K F P O would decide whether or not um these individuals would be able to apply or not and give them the criteria they need in order to be able to make sure that they're successful in their application for foundation training. And so this is a picture of what Oriole looks like. And so, um not only do you apply for the UK Foundation program here, but you'll also be applying here for higher specialty training. Um Whether depending on whether or not you apply for foundation or standard alone FT programming or, or whatever it is. Um And so let's continue. So what are the requirements for the eligibility applications? So when you go to apply, um these are the six things that you're going to need to require. So you're gonna need a proof of I D you're going to need uh which usually is your passport. Um You'll need a dean statement. So something provided from your medical school kind of outlining your performance overall in comparison to your class. And um usually there's some commentary on how you did during clinical rotations and, and things of that nature, you will need to have your medical degree. So I do see that there's a question here from gain. So if you do not have your medical degree by July, when you go to apply, then you will have to wait for the subsequent here. Unfortunately, as it is a requirement of the eligibility application, um you'll also need to have G M C provisional registration if you don't have it, that's the only one that they kind of, well, that one in right to work. Those are the only two things that they're kind of a bit more lenient with. So, um, let's start with GM see, provisional registration. So if you don't have that, that's absolutely fine because there's a lot of people that apply and, um, they're still doing the plaid exams. So that will just sit. So when you go to submit your eligibility application, they'll say that um, you have the requirement to complete plaid exams. And if you do, then you'll be able to um get your G M C provisional registration if you already have it. That's great. But if not, if that's the one of the two things that you don't need to fret about um English language proficiency. So that's also really important that that is another exam. I think it's, I believe it's called the E T occupational do occupational English test. And uh that's no, is not required by all schools if the school's main language of instruction was in English. And the G M C website has a list of um schools that they accept. So I would refer to the G M C website for which schools they need. Um if the patient, if the person is from the European Union, and I believe that it actually might be the same now, since, since after Brexit. Um However, of course, there, there are things that may or may not apply to you, however, you will still need to apply uh through the eligibility application to say whether or not these things are, are required and then of course, right to work. So if you have a U K, um if you have the UK citizenship, then you have a U K right to work. If not, then that's absolutely fine. Health education, England can sponsor you. You just mentioned that you need to be sponsored by health education England and they get that sorted for you as long as you complete the program or complete all the steps of the eligibility and foundation program application along the way. And okay, we'll carry on to the next slide. So what are the um applications that you are going to be doing? So there's a few of them actually. So again, you can only apply through Oriole and only if your eligibility application is accepted. So if you miss, if you are required to submit an eligibility application, then um if you're required to submit an eligibility application, then uh and you don't submit it, then you're not able to apply for that specific year. If you however do have one and you're successful and they've given you a list of criteria that you need in order to past essentially to the next stage of the, of the application cycle, then your, you'll be able to apply for foundation program training. So the oriole site when you go to apply, there will be three things that you can apply for the first thing is going to be the foundation program. Essentially, this is the main um portal with which we the mainstream of training that most people apply through there's foundation priority programs. Uh And this basically refers to usually in areas that are and less desirable per se by people in the UK. And so they recruit first and you have a guaranteed spot usually by January. And then we have specialized foundation programs that specialize in either teaching or leadership or research. And those are usually submitted in September. So we've already said this, but this is essentially a summary slide. So again, foundation program, this is the main training stream where most applicants apply through the foundation pro priority programs. So these are training streams in harder to fill geographical areas or less popular specialties. Uh And that I've mentioned before and then the specialized foundation program. So there's, this is a training stream where one of your six blocks during F one and F two has protected time. And that could either be for medical education, for academic research or leadership. Uh Just reminder, again, uh Thank you to those people asking questions. And if anyone has questions, please feel free to put them in the chat and I'll try to answer them along the way. And, and so let's start with now the application sections for the foundation program, application. So how this particular application works. There's five things that you'll need to submit for this one as well. So first personal details. So that's usually just your contact information. If you need any special arrangements, you have learning disability or things like that, that require you to have extra time for any part of the process. And so they'll just need to know that up front but prior to you submitting your application to eligibility. Uh and so for people who have already submitted an eligibility application, the outline for that uh would have already been provided to you by the eligibility application team. But for those who don't require submitting an eligibility application then and they just have to put information about their professional registration and they're right to work in the UK. Third is fitness to work. And so this requires a criminal records check and a data protection declarations. This is just because you're working with vulnerable populations and so the elderly Children and people with mental illness. So all these things require you to have um make sure that there's no criminal record or anything like that in, in your background. Fourth, they'll require a referee. Usually this is this needs to be someone from your medical school, someone who's known you throughout the whole process of medical school and is able to comment on both your clinical and your personal um kind of your clinical and your personal acumen. Uh and also your personal qualities, make sure that you're not uh like a mean person or someone that doesn't have bedside manner or good bedside manner for that, for that matter, uh things like that. And then finally, we have uh competences. So this is just providing your primary medical qualification, e your um your certificate of graduation, your medical school diploma. Uh So if people are not, don't need to admit a uh one in July uh for the eligibility application process, you'll definitely need to have it by September if you just need to submit a foundation program application. And so once you submit your application, you are given a score out of 100 your ranked uh compared to all of the people across the UK and across the world applying for uh foundation training. And so your score is based on 50 points from your um diesel score in medical school and 50 points for your situational judgment test score. And so you can see that their of equal weight. So something that you can't change, obviously, by the time you graduate is your decile score in medical school. So if you're in the top decile, you get the full 50 points and if you're at the lowest 10% you'll still get 41 out of 50. Um And so you can see now the weight that the situational judgment tests carries. Um the situational judgment test is a test that tests your um personal um qualities, making sure that your um your kind to um your peers, but also that you're a good problem solver. When it comes to problems in hospital, usually it involves a lot of ethical issues as well. And um oh and thank you Jelani for, for posting the information about the 2023 cycle. Um Yeah, and so you can get to know a lot of information about that, but you can see that it carries a lot of weight. So if you, for example, were in the last death style in the in your medical school. So you got 41 out of 50 but you absolutely smashed the situational judgment test. You'll be probably among the top students applying for foundation program training. And so uh I cannot stress enough the importance of the SGOT. It is not a test to take lately. Unfortunately, there are not many resources for the situational judgment test. As far as last year, there were only two published tests that the um that they provide as guidance and so definitely practice those, try and practice with other people. Um And don't take this lightly, they cannot stress it enough really okay. Um But yeah, so you'll get a score out of 100. So now before I talk about this, so these were the exams that um are required for GM see licensure and the U K F P O eligibility. So uh prior, so as of this year, so the 2023 to 2024 year, this will be the last year that's or actually, by the end of this year, I believe this will be the last year that they'll be allowing for plaid soap lab. One was a multiple choice question exam assesses clinical knowledge. In order if you have not written any clubs, you need to have passed lab one by November of the year prime to starting F one. So if you plan to start, for example, in August of 2024 then you will need to have start completed and passed your plan one by November of 2023 for lab to it is a Yassky based exam assessing clinical skills. And this must be passed by May of the year starting your F one. So you'll need to have done it by May of next year. However, I think this won't really apply to you because by then the MLA exams will have come into effect and then finally S J T. So this again is a computer based exam. It measures the attributes required to be a foundation training doctor. So um I e your ethical standards, your um your communication skills, things of that nature. Um and it's only valid for each uh foundation program application year. So meaning that if you apply for this year, whatever your score is only applies for that year, if you need to apply for a subsequent year, for whatever reason, you'll have to redo this exam. But the good thing is it's free. So unlike any of the other exams in the K, but it's definitely not that nice to rewrite. So I would say try and do your best on the first time again that you've written it. So let's go to this one. So, uh this is new for 2020 for, there's not really much guidance or much information published on this, on the G M C website, but the new exam is gonna be called the MLA Medical Licensing Assessment. And the interesting thing about this is that the General Medical Council is actually requiring that both UK grads and I MGS, right, this exam. So um it will still be created by the G M C in color in collaboration with UK medical schools, but it will effectively be replacing the plaid exams and these come into effect early 2020 for. So I would say for anyone who is in the middle of writing club or Plan Straight Club in the near future, try and get those things sorted um by the end of this year as soon as possible, um to avoid having to write these new styles of exams that we don't really know much information about. Um So the medical licensing assessment is going to be two parts as far as we know, the first one will be called the A Katie, also known as the Applied Knowledge Test. This will be similar to club, one very much clinical um questions addressing general surgery psychiatry, um General Medicine um pharmacology and I think the major, the major ones that you do in medical school. So again, sorry, uh general surgery, pediatrics, psychiatry, and um internal medicine, obscene Gynie. Um, those are the major five and then a lot of the medical subspecialties but to a much lesser degree. And then the second one being your clinical and professional skills assessment, which will be called the C P S A. And this will be similar to plan to exam. So this will be assessing your um ability to take a history, your ability to have effective communication with your patient's and uh your ability to do a proper clinical exam as well as to do debrief a patient with either bad news or an explanation of their diagnosis, things of that nature. And so these are things that should have already been doing hopefully at your medical school and um practicing there. And it's kind of just the same thing and it translates over the only difference is is that you'll need to know now the UK laws and UK competencies to be able to um do well on these exams and pass. And so now we go back to our units of applications. So once you are approved essentially for your, um once you are approved for your foundation program application, you will start applying to your units of application. So you'll apply to your schools, you don't have to rank all of them if you don't want to, but obviously the more schools you rank the higher chance you have of getting a training spot. Um I have your question. It says if you're applying for both F one and F to stand alone, do you have to submit separate applications? I think it's not possible to apply for F one and F to stand alone. If you've done a um intern year in your country, then you are not eligible for provisional registration, which is a requirement of F one training. So you would only be able to apply for ft stand alone. Uh And I think that's pretty much the guidance that I'm aware of. Joannie, feel free to correct me if, if you think I'm wrong about that. Um That was very actually the case when I applied as well. Um If you provide, if you completed one year of training in your home country equivalent to an internship, it essentially made you ineligible for F one. Yeah, yeah, that was just, that was what the guidance that I was aware of as well. So uh thank you Jelani for that. Um Yeah, so you'll apply again to your units of application rank them again, the more you rank, the higher chance that you have of um the higher chance you have of being allocated to a training spot. So again, allocation is based on application score and S JTS 50%. I know it's stress that a lot during this talk. But if there's anything that I want you to leave with, just make sure you study for the S J T. Okay, because I had a lot of friends. You did very well in medical school but not so hot on the S J T and they didn't get the places that they wanted to. So make sure that you don't go in unprepared. So let's go through the timeline. So I have put in some screenshots from the 2023 from the 2023 guidance as the 2020 for guidance has not been um published yet. However, let's take a look and we can kind of extrapolate, it's been relatively the same timeline um over the last few years. So I shouldn't expect much difference. So starting from June 2022 that's when the eligibility guidance for applicants will be published. So anyone needing an eligibility application, so that would translate to June 2023 this year. Hopefully that would be published. Then in July, you get the main applicant guide published. So this is when we're looking for um the foundation program, the um F P P or the specialized foundation program, then you have the eligibility application window. So usually these are quite tight and they are very strict on the timing. They do not mess around, even if you're a minute late, they will not accept the applications. So to apply for your eligibility um application this year, it was the sixth of July to the 29th. Usually it differs by one or two days plus or minus. So, um, that's when you'll have to submit to those things that I spoke about before, which looks like um, this, so these are the things that you'll need to have ready these six items you'll need to have ready for um, your eligibility application by July at the latest. Mhm. Then we have eligibility outcomes released to applicants on this first or second week of August. So this will be saying for example, do I need to uh do exams? Do I need to provide right to work? Do I need to provide um further support regarding my medical training after medical school? So, oh um that's that's basically what what will be told to you by the eligibility application and then they'll give you dates for everything when you need to provide that information. And if you don't meet the requirements by that date, then you are automatically withdrawn from train, applying for training that year for individuals who have graduated more than two years ago from their medical school. They will have to do something called a clinical skills assessment. The clinical skills assessment is very similar to plaid too in the sense that it it um tests your history and clinical and ethical dilemma skills um in the major medical topics. And however it is needed in addition to passing pop one and pop to, to show that you are still fresh on the concepts that you learned from medical school. And it's about unfortunately the same cost as PAP too. So I would say for individuals who are freshly graduated, try to get there as soon as possible to avoid having to write this exam. Um For individuals who have not had their GM see online account created, you will need to have it done by the 24th of August the year you are applying for training or else again, you will not be able to apply for training. And so this is what the guidance usually looks like. So um this is the 2023 handbook that was published. So um you'll get an applicant handbook for those who are applying for the direct programs. Again, an eligibility applicant guidance for the eligibility application. And then um kind again, this is what it looks like on the inside. And this third, this third page there, it will give you key dates and key schedules and those are the things that you should really prioritize. So then the registration window opens for the main application, applying for the foundation program, the specialized foundation program and the foundation priority programs FPP. And so that one is only a week again, make sure that you are on top of your schedule and um and have everything in and make sure that you have everything ready early is what I would suggest. Unfortunately, it is a little bit of an older website and older program. And so when it comes closer to the deadline, it has been known to crash and it has been known to get quite slow and quite difficult to upload any evidence. So the earlier you have things ready the better then we have some more information about paying for the exams. And again, providing any learning disabilities. If you need to apply for the clinical skills assessment, we have the, if there's any maintenance as well, they're kind enough to let us know. And of course they put it exactly on a couple of the days of applying as well. So that's nice. Um And then applications for Plavix. So for anyone who does not have a plaid spot, um the G M C will ask you to email this, this specific website to make sure that you have a plug spot. So you don't lose out on a year if you have everything ready through your eligibility application. And uh this is really important because if you miss the deadline to be able to write to November, then you are not eligible to apply for that whole year. And again, you have to wait a whole year to be able to apply. So again, we have our application Windows. This is when we will um put in any information for our specialized foundation program. So answering the questions for if you're applying for academic training or um research training, anything like that, but also providing all the evidence that we mentioned before earlier in the slides and we also have our deadline to send the confirmation. So not only do you need to um submit your, uh not only do you need to submit to Europe lab uh submit to the G M C for a plaid date. You also need to get that plaid date and submit it to the U K F P O. They do not communicate. You have to be the liaison between them and send them an email if you have not written it yet. So that's really important. Then you might get, if you're writing again, the clinical skills assessment, it will be told to you sometime in September and you usually write it at the end of October. Um and then you have to apply for the S J T reasonable adjustments as well. So let's say, for example, you have a learning disability, you have dyslexia or anything like that. It's medically proven, then you need to submit to your reasonable adjustments and you need to submit evidence for that to give you more time or whatever it is. If you're applying for a specialized foundation program uh that I mentioned before. So they have an interview window and they'll be sending out interviews. You'll first be long listed, meaning that you uh meet the basic requirements to be able to, for them to do a deeper delve into your, your application in your portfolio and then following this, they will shortlist you for an interview. So they will start scoring each person's application. And then based on that, they will um give people offers for interview and then after the interviews you'll be allocated uh a job in some cases if you're successful. Okay. Um S J T booking window again, S J T booking window is really tight. It's four days and so um usually it's the two weeks before Christmas and the two weeks after um and the two middle weeks of January. And so you'll have to write this exam during this time. You apply for it based on then and then thankfully, starting in COVID, people will able to write this exam from home, uh and not only at the testing locations. So that's pretty good. Um Yes, like I mentioned before, plaid one needs to be sat by the third of November if it's not or whatever, it's usually like the first five days of November. So it's not written by the first five days of November. Then, uh again, you will not be eligible for that years um training. So here's the first window. So S JT test that you could have written it from the seventh to the 20th or the 19th to the 23rd of January. And so you again applied for that in October. You'll be studying from October until December hopefully. And then you write it in that time in the month of January and February's, the specialized foundation programs. If you have interviewed with them will be releasing offers in rounds. And based on those rounds, you will, you could get a spot early and you don't have to worry about the rest of it. And then you're just with John Front Foundation program application because you've already matched at this point for people that are applying to a foundation priority program. They also find out earlier than the rest of everyone. So that will be from the 22nd of Feb until March 3rd, depending on the different rounds that you apply to. Um If you do incredibly poorly in the S J T exam, then you will have a review by the U K F P O and you will have to go in front of them and basically see if you need to do remediation or if something needs to happen. And in order for you to be able to apply for training that year, um usually these people um will need to repeat the exam or find some other job and then have to do it again. So again, there's anything that I can't stress enough, make sure that you study for this J T. Um I've done this talk multiple times and that's usually the message that I like to echo for this. Um And then in the first week of March, you will find out about your um foundation school. So where you're going and you'll also find out your total application score as well. Um And then basically, so after that, you, you have matched and so you should be starting the process of, of coming to the UK. Um You'll also have the time where uh you're referees will be submitting their information, all things which are necessary in order to be able to um go into um medical training here if you have not written. So if you are still in the process of writing exams, you will have had to have a plaid spot by usually the end of March and have written it by the end of May. Um And that's usually non negotiable for you guys. It will be the M L A as we mentioned before. Uh If you have not finished writing your plaid exams by the end of this year, and I've already mentioned this, but again, perhaps you needed to be written by the end of May and this is just a summary slide in case you don't want to go through all the guidance, I just made a summary slide of all um the important dates. And so you can screenshot this on your phones, but usually it's relatively around the same plus or minus a few days uh which you guys can check on the new guidance when it's published in June and July respectively for the um eligibility application as well as the um main program. And so, yeah, I'll leave that for a few seconds while I read this question here. Uh If you have full registration, what are the different pathways to get into Fy One and Fy too? So if you have full registration, you can either apply for the Fy to stand alone program or you can apply for specialty training right away. However, there will be requirements for that and I'll get into that a little bit later. Um So carrying on. So now gm see registration for anyone who's not gm see registered, you'll have to create a GM see online account. Um This has to be created by usually the beginning of the last week of August of the year that of the year prior to the one that you're applying for. So if you're planning to start in 2024 you'll need to have it done before August um 2023 usually it's quite quick. It doesn't take a long time but make sure that you just get that stuff done because those are all the little things that can be that can result in you. Um having to wait a whole year to start training. So create an online account, make sure your details are correct. Address, um graduation, your and graduation school language, all these things. Um Third step will be to apply for your exams, be up lab or our medical licensing exams that are new starting 2024. Uh You might apply for provisional registration if that applies for you. It could be also full registration if you're someone that's done a year already of intern an intern ear post graduation. Um depending on which application you are applying for, you'll need to provide specific evidence as needed by the G M C on those applications. And once you submit, they will then do a full read through and then ask about specific things, asking for specific documents, for example, and it'll be a little bit of a back and forth and then hopefully by the end, you're G M C certified. So what are some tips to be successful now that you know the timelines for the dates, make sure that you look at guidance early and make sure you follow the deadlines um even a minute late to still eight and you, you could miss a year of training because of that too. Don't wait until the last minute to submit applications again, as I mentioned, um Aureole can sometimes get quite swamped and it gets to be painstakingly slow. So you have to make sure that you're applying um appropriately and you have stuff ready for when the eligibility applications are open. Third. And of course, I've, I've said this a million times that sound like a broken record, but make sure you study for the S J T and Ford, ask your peers for advice and also pay attention to this program as well. So we'll be providing a lot of talks hopefully in the future on the different areas of medicine, G P um internal medicine, absent guinea, just to name a few with UK specific guidance for all these things that will help you be successful in those in those exams in the future. So make sure that you stick around for those talks as well. And also um feel free to reach out to us on our page I MG TUK on Facebook and we can definitely answer questions there as well. So now we're getting into like the second half of our talk, which is applying for specialty training. So this is after you've done up to or maybe after you've done an intern year in your country, you'll want to be applying for specialty training. And so the goals of this half shouldn't be too much longer. I think uh is a review of the requirements to apply for specialty training, um explaining the different routes one can take for specialty training and also a, a review of the exams that may be required for specialty training. And so what you'll need to be eligible. So for people who are applying for F one and F two, by the end of the F two, you'll get something called an F P C C which is a foundation program certificate of completion. And this shows that you have met the competencies as outlined by the G M C to be able to practice and go to higher training, whether that be G P or some other format specialty training. For those who don't complete the foundation program in the UK, you are still able to apply for specialty training. So I think this answers your question gain. Um and that is that you have to um complete a form called a certificate of readiness to enter specialty training. This is called the Crest form. And so this would require you usually to have a job that is not really in the training post for a year and you have to be able to prove those competencies and get signed off by either a consultant who is post completion of training, post CCT or post. See ESR. And importantly, they have to be on the specialty register, uh the G M C specialty register or else they are not able to sign your form for you uh for people who have not um done this. And this is a slide that I've taken from a lovely resource. Um This is a F three doctor. Now, I believe his name is Ali Burton. You can find him on youtube as an excellent youtube page and he summarizes a lot of topics very, very well. And so I've taken this slide from, from his website um kind of just explaining what training looks like in the UK. So once you've completed medical school, you'll be applying for that. Again, the middle section, the F P Foundation program, the academic Foundation program or you might even apply for an F three year, which is usually what people do between training. If they don't get a training spot or if they feel like they need more experience prior to going for um specialty training, then there will be um four different kinds of training spots. However, that being said, I think run through training spots are, are currently being phased out of the UK at the moment. And so I'm going to just mention three. And so you have core medical training. So core medical training will be to be able to apply to any uh medical specialty in the future. So you have to do three years of something called internal medicine training following this, except for certain specialties, you'll be applying for those uh specialties after your third year. So things like him are two years only, but things like um gastroenterology, things like a renal medicine, you'll need to complete your three years, the other one might be court surgical training. So if you want to go into a surgical specialty, whether that be jent surge orthopedics, neurology, you'll do um again your core surgical training years and then apply for higher training. And then there is something called acute care common stem. And so for those are for people who are interested in applying for acute care medicine. So that would be our acute medical unit, um emergency medical, emergency medicine, uh anaesthetics and intensive care. Um Yes, okay. And this is kind of again, another way that kind of just shows how long it takes to become a consultant or a JP. So you do your medical school and then you do your F Y one and fy two year from there, you apply for court surgical training or you can apply for court specialist. Um What does that say? Course, specialist training, course surgical training, depending on what kind of um depending on what kind of surgical specialty you're applying for. You could apply also for um G P training, which dates a total of five years. And so um this kind of just summarizes how long it takes really. So usually it's about at least seven, you're 5 to 8 years really after your f two years. So you're looking at around 10 years, post graduation here in the UK. Um And so what are some exams that you might be required to write if you decide to go for specialty training here? So usually in order you don't have to have these um done prior to applying for specialty training. However, they do help your application as it shows interest in the program that you're applying for. So the first one that I'm going to discuss is the M R C P. This is for anyone applying for internal medicine training, you'll have three exams that you'll have to write over the course of um your medical training essentially part one being a multiple choice question exam focusing on clinical exams, things that you've done from med school with a little bit of an expanded view part too, gets to be a bit more difficult and that's looking more at your ability to manage as well as diagnose. And then third will be paces. And this is a clinical skills exam. Again, another OSK E usually five stations and you're looking at eight patient encounters. Then we have mrcs. So mrcs is what you will need for court surgical training. Um Again, there's two parts for this exam per day. It's a five hour multiple choice exam. It's two papers. Each one being uh first one being three hours, second one being two hours. And it looks at the basic sciences and principles of surgery in general. And part B is more of a Noski style. So it's 18 stations each one being nine minutes in duration and it's looking at your ability to look at anatomy, surgical pathology, um your clinical and procedural skills and of course your communication skills. Then finally, we have the MSRA, the MSRA is the multi-specialty Recruitment assessment and it's composed of two papers. So it's the professional dilemmas paper very similar to the S J T that you write for specialty training. Then we have the clinical problem solving the exam. And so this is currently, it's currently needed by things like general practice psychiatry or radiology, ophthalmology, OBGYN sexual health and neurosurgery. Uh I'll leave the floor open for questions at the moment. That's the end of my talk, I believe. Um, does anyone have any questions or anything like that? And I think I saw something earlier from getting. So let me just read that very quickly. I am not aware of a gateway program. Um, unfortunately, but things are changing all the time. So I, what are the run through programs? So before there used to be run through programs where you will be able to enter into specialty training, like for example, court surgical training right away and you wouldn't have to apply for higher training. Let's say you want to go into colorectal surgery, you know that you want to go into colorectal surgery. So you apply for colorectal surgery after F two year and then you go all the way through and you don't have to apply for a second round once you're in court surgical training. However, as far as I'm aware, they're, they're removing that as of last year or this year. No. So they're, they're still run through programs available currently. Uh I think they were put on pause temporarily for a period of time because there was a backlog. Um, due to, uh biscay delay in training occurring during COVID, um, some specialties have started back offering run through programs, okay. And as Bishnoi said, you apply at court surgical training level and you continue straight through out whether you're doing orthopedics or uh, neurosurgery or urology, but they're very limited run through post. For example, this year, there are only two year old urine through post for the entire UK, England, England, Scotland and Wales. Um So it's very limited, very competitive, difficult to get into, but not impossible. I think specialty training requirements, different for different specialties because I'm trying to build my portfolio. So uh when you're applying for I M T, um again, there's guidance already published. It's a, it's basically trying to figure out what points you need to get. So uh you may need to, for example, do an audit and do multiple cycles of an audit. Um other things to help you get points are doing higher education. So masters phd um uh involvement in volunteer activities. So those are usually the things that um that are required by your portfolio also research, of course, um having things related to the specialty that you're applying for absolutely helps for when you're applying for, for specialty training because it shows interest in what you're applying for. But overall, it's generally those few things that you need to apply for all specialty training programs.