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All right. Hi, everyone. Uh, thanks for coming. Um, and give you all your time on Thursday evening, uh, for this talk. Um, there are a couple of people that a couple of more people that signed up, but I think we'll just get started and they can join later. Ok. I believe chat function is on, um, for this presentation. Um, so if you run into any questions, um, or if there's anything that you want me to clarify or go over again, please just put in the chat and, um, I'll come back and forth in the presentation, uh, to help answer any of the queries. Ok. So let me just start showing my slight. Ok. That should then be visible now. So, good evening everyone. I'm Jason, one of the f ones now in, uh, Gloucester down in seven Deary, currently working a psych job, but I've got a keen interest in surgery and especially ent and I hope to share with you some of the things I've learned, uh, in medical school and on my placement for a nt in terms of the emergencies that they deal with. And this is part of the mind, the bleep final series. So hopefully some of these things would be helpful in your UK MLA exams. OK? So um the first thing I want want you guys to do is to actually log on to ment meter. So if you guys can't see the QR code here or if you go to men.com and type type in the code that will be helpful. Um And I'm, I hope to use this to um get a bit of interaction. Um so that it's not just me staring at you and talking. Ok, so I've got good audience now. Um So if you guys can join the meter. Sure. Ok. Please let me know if there's any creaky bits and joining. Yeah. All right. So I can't really tell if people are joined. So we'll, we'll, we'll see. OK, perfect. So yeah, so if people have seen the first question, I would like to get an understanding of um what sort of em ent emergencies have you been taught and or have come across during a placement um which should give me a bit of an understanding of um what do you guys have known or? Yeah, so I he that. Mhm And if I share this. Perfect. Yeah, so I think loads of things are coming through. Um I love seeing ap otitis up there, a very um serious emergency that's kind of rare. Um But we'll go through that today. Axis. Um Oh, which is a fancy word for nosebleed peritonsillar abscess. Yeah. Loads of epistaxis, malignant otitis externa. Oh, yeah, that's a very interesting one. Ok. Thank you guys for your response and just wanted to point out Bohar syndrome. Um, my understanding is that it's a, it's a unfortunate rupture of the esophagus resulting in gastric content leaking into the media's and, and, and, um, I think that's more of a upper gi emergency, but an, an emergency nonetheless, of course. So, but less relevant to ent I think. Ok, so going back to the presentation, thank you guys for joining the Manter and now I know that it's working. So just go going through the main objections for today um that I hope you guys can take away. So firstly, is to learn to recognize and manage uh some of the life threatening and common ent emergencies. Um And the framework that um I hope to talk you guys through is the A two E approach, which is the standardized approach to any medical emergency. So, um I hope you guys can learn to appreciate how that fits into a ent er emergency er scenario. And obviously given ENT is a surgical specialty, we will go through a little bit of anatomy that's involved so that you guys have a basic understanding. So some of the topics that I hope to cover today um includes Stridor, um Epistaxis that many people have mentioned post tonsillectomy, bleeds, um sudden sensory neuro hearing loss, hematoma. OK. So let's start off with Stridor. I guess the first question I want to post to you guys is what exactly is a Stridor if you read in textbooks or if you read online, you often get this very generic um description of it's a harsh high pitched respiratory sound. But I think the one thing that I hope you guys to all take away is to recognize a Stridor. So I'm gonna play you two videos right now. One is an adult Stridor and the other one is a pediatric Stridor. So that especially for people who have not come uh into contact with pe patients with Stridor have a bit of understanding and impression of what that is. Um Let's see if I got it here. Yeah, that should be coming up now. So I'm gonna play this clip and listen to the sound of the Stridor and watch the respiratory muscle. Yeah. And as you can see, um there's a sort of a paradoxical um suctioning of the um lung fields. Um when a person takes a breath in because of the upper airway obstruction, you can see how um much of the Respi accessory respiratory muscles cations using. Ok, so sorry. Oh, no. Play the pediatric Stridor. Yeah. Mhm. Mhm. Yes. Yes. Mhm. And if you look carefully at enough, look at that use of excess pain and that sea salt, the tummy is inflating while the lungs are deflated. This is such a classic sign of upper Airway.