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Thank you, Rona. Um So this is the second part of data interpretation. Uh Last time we went through uh abdominal and just X ray. Um If you missed it, you can go and water on medal. Uh If you're struggling with it, just let, let one of us know and we can show you how to access the recordings. Um So, yeah, so which means today, we're gonna do E C G interpretation. And since, since you're risky and since you have to interpret it, I'm going to make this session very interactive and I am going to give you guys the opportunity or at least one of the one or two if you do to try and um do the Brian interpret and present the E C G. So then we can all learn from it if any of your quite brave to do it. Uh Well, that being said, couple of disclaimers, um it's very interactive today. Um The next disclaimers are not going to go into cardiac physiology today at all. Um We are just going to go through s key, have to present what to do in the station. Um So just, just giving you a heads up. Uh um So very quickly, let's say you're actually in this case, uh station and you are given this E C G would just to start off, would anyone like to present and whoever is not presenting, uh try and figure out like what's going on and we can discuss it. So anyone, anyone keen, anyone brave. Hello? I don't mind traveling. Okay. Go for it. Not. So our first check pensions details. Um See when it's taken, where is it and compare it with previous CCGS of the patient. Um I'll check if the uh it's 25 millimeter a second. Um So checking the rate and rhythm of the E C G, I think it has a normal rhythm. There's no rhythm strip but I think it's, it's not bradycardic or tachycardic. Um rhythm is also regular. Um There's, it's a sinus rhythm. Um There is no obvious uh ST elevations or depressions in each of the individual leads or maybe V two. There's a high T wave. Um Yeah. Yeah. Other than that, I don't think there's any obvious T wave depression as well. Uh T wave inversion or ST depressions. Um I can't tell that there's any like prolonged pr intervals in any of the individual leads. Um I think the QRS interval, sorry, the QT intervals also um within the normal limit. Um Yeah, it might be a normal E C J. I'm not sure. Good. Get perfect. Um I couple of reasons why I popped uh the, the C C G one you could have normal um data interpretation. Um Sometime most likely you'll have some pathology but don't be surprised if you have a normal one in your, in your escape. Do. Um Yeah, you need to get used to what is normal then this is normal. Uh But well, than that, uh does anyone have any feedback or is there anything you guys would do? Which she hasn't done? You can Bobby on the chat? Sorry, I just wanted to ask when there's no rhythm strip. Um, in terms of interpreting the rate, what would you, what would you do? Like if there's a rhythm strip? Yeah. Good, good. You figured it out? So that was my mistake and well done for uh finding it. Yeah. So I was going to say you will always have a rhythm strip and you, it is the easiest way to interpret. Use the rhythm uh rhythm strip unless you're looking for specific things that will go go over like over the next, next couple of slides. Um Yeah, well, well done done and that I think it was well structured. So that's good. Your thing has cut out. Uh huh. Uh Right after you kind of were explaining the rhythm strip. Oh, I just said well done to both of them. Okay. Sorry, I have a question with the V two ways. The T waves. Are they normal? Mint? Uh Yes, this is a normal um E C G. Um I think it's just that the QRS is slightly smaller. Okay. Okay. Yeah, but it's fine. Okay. Right. Well, now go over how did you like what, how to structure these issue presentation then? Um Yeah, you can reflect on what you have done now and what you would do after the session. Um Right. So first things first, um as we all know, you always introduce, like do the introduction. So with any data interpretation, you need to first check the patient name, date of birth and the data in time it was taken of that. Um Well, I don't think this is like actually ski but I have had uh practices keys where I was given the wrong patient's um data. So please do that. Don't miss it out. Um And I if you are thinking whether to read it out loud or not, you read it out loud, you literally go, this is the E C G of this patient who was born Da da da. And you literally say it out. And the second thing I would say with any rate uh even radiology or any data interpretation is you introduce the patient and then you introduce the actual radiology or the data itself. So in this case, that would be E C G. And what, so you talk about the E C G and I, I think the easy um what you could talk about. Yeah, when it was taken and this is the normal if you wanna, if you remember, you can mention actually, or it should be written at the bottom of the C G that you're given. So just make sure speed is 25 millimeters millimeters per second and want to just um can temper memory. Um right, then you go into rate and rate and rhythm and you first start with the rate. So ideally it should be somewhere between 6200. Um um How, so how do you check the rate? And I think Natalie when you described, I can't remember if you specified a proper like specific rate. If you could do that, that would be something to um work on. Um But basically you, if it's irregular, you basically count the number of um Q R S and then times that by six or you can go, you can go 300 divided by the number of ours. Yeah. Uh That's how you would do rate and hopefully you should be getting somewhere between 6200. Um And then you go into rhythm. Uh just before that, um I think you probably already know not going to go into too much physiology, but um normally the whole idea that P is to do with atrial stuff. QRS ventricular um this will come handy in a bit. This is why I mentioned it okay before we get there. So regarding rate and rhythm. Oh sorry with rhythm. So you can have three types of rhythm. Um You could have regular, you could have irregularly regular or irregularly irregular. Um If you need more details, let me know and I can go through that, that if not, I will move on, sorry, it wasn't irregularly regular. So it's where um actually let's go through the next slide and then I'll go through what I mean. So um that uh what do you think it is a couple of sporting questions? Now, this will be on the chart? Good. So a s irregular know P babes kid. So this is irregularly irregular because um well, you can see how that distance is quite different. So that's irregular and then you can also see it's very irregular of how I would think. So it's irregularly irregular. Um Okay. How about? So that was the atrial fibrillation? Good. Second one. What's that good? Atrial Fletcher? How would you describe the rhythm rhythm? Okay. So mixed answers. Um So this is what I mean, that regularly, regular cause weight actually hold on know sometimes this could be regularly regular because sometimes this could be different. But then no, give me a second that I mean, this these lines, they are regular, they're quite like periodic, that's regular. Although this bit, you can see how it's quite regular as well. So that's what I mean, when I say regularly regular. Does that make sense? And does answer the question? So, is it like the little waves can be irregular. Uh Yeah, I would say it's irregular. Uh No, I would say that's irregular. Yes, because it's not the normal sinus rhythm, which should be just, just for anyone to kind of differentiate the two with regular, you should expect to see a key Rs. It follows the kind of concordance of sinus rhythm really where you should see a Q R s following the P wave. Now, if you're seeing many P ways where QRS isn't following, but there's a normal, there's a uh a standard distance between each QRS like Prisma clearly showed where the distance is staying the same, pretty much the rate is staying as it is. Then that is how, you know that it is an irregularly regular rhythm in that it doesn't look right because you're not getting a Q R S after each P wave, but the rhythm itself, you're still getting a beat at the same kind of time in which you would expect to see it. Whereas irregularly irregular, it's kind of bouncing all over the place. There's no uh specific rhythm to how you're getting that kind of beat. Yeah, that explains it. Okay. Last one, I know there's the answer written. Uh but that would be a topic beat. Uh Okay. So that would be the ectopic beat where it's regular, but then you have those 11 off instances where it goes irregular. Um Yeah. Okay. So now, um yeah, so, um I have taken a slide from one of my year to teaching, which I thought would be slightly irrelevant or make it a bit easier because this is how I structure in my head when I see it easy to. So obviously you go through rate. So is it tacky cardia or is it Bradycardia? If it's tacky, then you look at the QRS and the whole idea about QRS is if it's narrow, it's either normal or it's to do with the atrium or it was broad, it's most likely to do with ventricular problems and then you go into the irregular, irregular rhythm. So then you end up breaching your differentials. Um And as we just said, uh atrial fibrillation would be irregularly regular and atrial flutter with the irregularly regular. Yeah. OK. Moving on again based on what we just said on the last slide, what do you think is going on here then? So see if he can describe their rhythm. Um See if he can tell me where the problem is and then come to a different show. Mhm Anyone else? Yeah. Okay. Fine, good. So what we said, so we know it's tachycardia because um you know, I mean, if you count, you uh if you either count the whole thing and then times the basics or you go 300 divided by um the number of peaks, although this is irregular. So I would say found the number of peaks and sometimes the basics Um So it's tachycardia and then we look at the QRS which is broad, clearly as broad as not narrow. So then we know the problems in the ventricles. Um And what was the rhythm here? Is it regular or irregular? Yeah. So there's actually irregular rhythm which means that would be a ventricular fibrillation. Now, any questions? Okay, just moving on and then we can come back to questions at the end. Uh But now that we've gotten the rate and rhythm done, you then follow the rest. So I would then go into access. So jacket with the left axis deviation or right axis deviation uh will come into that in a second. And then you then literally you follow the um the classic E C G uh weight. So you literally go P pr interval. You, you are QRS complex ST segment tea and other. So sometimes you can have a you after tea. So um you literally just follow the pattern. No, no access. The, the way to remember this is you are now looking at the first two leads. So that, that's lead one and lead to just this one. That's why I say you do rate and rhythm through the rhythm strip and then you just go into one and two. So if the QRS complex, I'll show you later. But if the QRS complex is going up and up for the 1st and 2nd, that's normal. But if you have one going up and one going down, you can see how the arrows are leaving each other. So L for left access Aviation and then if they're coming like the other Iran's, I either reaching or returning to each other, that would be our for right? Um Access tenation and the biggest causes for access to nation is so again, not going into human physiology today, but the whole idea is about the conduction going preferring to go one way rather than the other. So that tends to happen when you have more muscle mass on one side than the other. So literally, the biggest reason for any access deviation would be if you have entry color hypertrophy in one on one side. Um So most likely the right sided ones are possibly caused by pulmonary uh reason. Wait, hold on. Uh No. So yeah, right sided ones are most likely caused you to pulmonary reasons. Um Left would be to do it like other stuff like um oh um you can have inferior at my causing uh left ventricular hypertroph ear, left axis deviation, but welcome into that as well. Um And then after that, you literally follow the P Q R S T U pattern, but very quickly, what do you think the access is here? Is there any access deviation? And if so what is it? Good, good. Um Yeah, people are saying left axis deviation spot on because you can see how they are arrows are going like leaving each other. So left axis deviation, uh good, moving on now to the P waves. So the best way to look for P waves, rhythm strip because it's quite big enough. And you can have, um, you're gonna have two types of P waves. Actually, three will come into that in a second. But, um, you can have buy food P waves. So it kind of looks a bit like that, that's called Byford P P wave. And that, well, clearly looks like an M for something that's caused by michael stenosis. So that's actually to do a left atrial enlargement and then you can have peaked uh P waves which is very p for all manali or lung caused by lung issues. I either would be right as I did. I hope that makes sense. Just think about right side and it always to do it. Lungs and P for uh peak and parliament pollen alley. That's a quick summary. Um I'm I am gonna both the slides and medals so you guys can indoor it later on. Um But yeah, uh okay, moving on P then you go into P R Inderal. Um The biggest causes were pr Inderal changes is hard work. And yeah, again, going back to our case sessions from before just quick cardiology or vision. Um If you have in, if you have prolonged pr interval, um first degree heart block, if you have a like progressively prolonging second degree heart block and if it's constant the second degree but talked to and um if you don't have, if it's not related, then their degree heart block. I'm happy to go in more detail if you want at the end. Uh um Okay. And then we move on to QRS complex. Um Okay. So um quick question, I know I haven't given an E C G as a blue but sometimes uh Q waves can be small and it could be completely normal bonus question. And I will be very impressed if you know it or you can, um, use the seizure you have given, where is it normal to have a small Q wave? You've got three leagues where it's completely normal to have a small, I've got one answer. Okay. That's fine. If you don't know that's fine. But it's one, a reality every six. I know the chat that say we, we 4236, we for two reason extends to have, uh like bigger. I mean, it's normal, but they tend to have slightly bigger QRS. So I would say it's a little bit bigger with Q waves as well. Um But yeah, it's, um, it's actually meant to be the lateral leads because, um, yeah, well, I'll come back to this but it's meant to be laterally. So that's 12 and three. Um And that's because of the septum. Um, and the conduction through the septum uh in order to go to the lateral side. So that's why it's normal to have a small if you wait there. Um But the big thing, pathology, ically uh QRS complex will give you answers us to bundle branch blocks. And you've got to bundle branch blocks. You can have right bundle branch block or left bundle, bundle branch block. So the calm, the common way of remembering um is right for marrow. And the whole idea is that you're looking at we won and we six. Just, yeah, just make sure you remember that we want and we six. Um None of the other sleets can help you with that. So, um the whole idea is that if you start seeing U R S complex that looks like an M here and A W here, that means it's a right, right bundle branch block. On the other hand, if you have left bundle branch block, uh the QRS complex might look like that I will make this. Um No, um I don't have a picture but I hope you, I can imagine it. Sorry. Um But that being said, goals is for bundle branch blocks. Um Anyone any clue? Uh So I've got an answer for M I, is there a right bundle branch block or a left bundle branch block? Okay. So, yeah, so you guys are right with STEMI. Um One of the criteria criteria for STEMI is whether you have a new left bundle branch block. But interestingly, you can actually have um it tends to be anterior M I that shows up in left bundle branch block. And I just read the lateral M I scheme. Sometimes come as a right bundle branch block that as well as the med school. What you need to know stemi you, yeah, you knew, knew um L D B B. It's for Stephanie. No, as I always said, big rule for the day today, right sided stuff to do at lungs. So pe can cause right bones or branch block. Um And then atrial septal defect chemicals, right bundle branch block because it's under. Um yeah, it has to do with atrium. Um left bundle branch block, you've got left sided stuff. So aortic stenosis um are hypertension is um is to do with the left side and the pressure, high potassium can also cause left bundle branch block. But yeah, cardiomyopathy you can have either and uh am I it's anterior, it's left and if it's lateral, it's right. Maybe think about like um Ellis, not Ellen lateral is not the same as Ellen left because um they just like it to be confusing. I hope I haven't been fixed yet. Okay. We will move on do ST segments. Um so you can, so this can present as like elevation or depression. Um And Roland will soon give you a really cool tip on how to figure things out. But elevation normally means um either it's and inspection like pericarditis, especially if it's like everywhere. Uh and depression will be a ski mia or elevation could also be infarction. Okay. Um Rowland's. Yes. Yes. Hello. Hello. Hello. Um Yeah, so uh so I was literally replying to another student. Um So yeah, there's a really good way that you can remember, um kind of how to differentiate ST elevation, to be honest, whether it's a good ST elevation or bad ST elevation. Um, in the exam, obviously you state with ST elevation, it's, it's Emma and a stemi until proven otherwise really. Um, but this is, I guess for further knowledge, if you really want to wow, the examiner or even just for your own, like clinical practicing in the future, the ST elevation itself can either be what we call upward sloping, which is the top one where it goes up on the kind of like the bend bit to it or it can be downward sloping. Um, where you see the kind of like a sad face where it's actually going downwards, there's still ST elevation there, but it's, it's kind of the, the downwards bit of the smiley face, the sad face. I mean, so how I really remember is if it's a smiley face, that's good, that actually means it's unlikely to be an M I it might be some other pathology where it might even be just a normal anatomical variation that some people can sometimes have. Um, but as you progress towards it, being more of a sad face, uh ST elevation. That's when you're worrying or thinking this is likely an, uh, an M I occurring. What you can also have is it can just be a, a slanted elevation to it. So it's almost like the neutral face. So in between a smiling aside, you'll just see the line kind of going up, uh, kind of on a diagonal plane, but it won't be kind of curved at all. Um, that's where it's like a bit in the middle. It might be good, it might be bad, but the more it progresses to a sad face and just general notion, the worse it likely is. Um And that's just an easy way to remember. Rusty uh segment elevation. Um So yeah, cool. Uh Right now we go and do bonus question. What is the, so we're just trying to get you to high yield stuff as well while also covering the Lasix. Uh Yeah. What's that? Anyone if you don't know that's fine? Mhm Yeah, we've got one suggestion. Anyone else I will give you a clue. This is a high yield stuff. Okay. We've got someone who got the right answer who directly message to me. Okay. So this is actually called the Rivers Stick sign. Um because it looks like a rumor stick if that makes sense and this you see in dioxin toxicity. Um Yeah, because I just think about how they take digoxin to make cardiac functions go better, but then it's reverse because it can have easy these things. So rumor's take um sign. Um Yeah, trust me if you can find that in your escape, your like up there. Yeah. Um and I've got a question in which E C G leaders is most likely to be seen. Um I think you can see it in any uh need. I will have to check on that road and you can help me if you know fiber is the question question was in with, in which E C G lead is this most likely to be seen with Dye Jost Dioxin toxicity? Um It's, it's usually a uh across the different leads. Um I, I'm not entirely certain if there's like a specifically that is most affected. Um, so that, that can be something for your homework. If you guys want to look into that, they're, they're very unlikely to give you, uh did digoxin toxicity unless, and this is like where you can sort of predict the station really if you wanna pharmacology, one and the patient, you know, has come in and they've got some kind of weird symptoms, you know, your classic digoxin uh toxicity symptoms. If you got any past medal or whatever, they'll have a couple of weird ones and then they'll give you and then you find out what medications go on and digoxin is one of them most likely, then they'll give you any C G and you'll be able to maybe pick up these kind of signs. Um Yeah, but other things that you'll be looking for is kind of like your potassium changes as well with the digoxin toxicity. Um But yeah, look into it and just have a kind of a notion of it. That's what I advise. Uh Okay, so finally T waves. Um so it's actually normal for T waves to be inverted in three A B R and B one. Um You can have a look at a normal excision a bit. Um But if not, if there's any other lead, um it could mean ischemia, eh my um e right, ventricular or left ventricular hypertrophy or either of the bundle branch block or digoxin. Um What, what does tended t we've mean quick pt rusian or actually even escape inclusion so tall tended tv's T waves. Good, well done hyperkalemia. Perfect. Um Yeah, well done. Um Okay and finally moving on just going through. Um I, so I have a way to remember which leaders which um I know they're uh they're like multiple ways. You can remember this that. Okay. So I think of it as this being L and I would draw massive L here. I don't know if that makes sense. Right. Sorry dad, I'll show it to you on the next slide but it normally goes like not and it's actually these two that are uh lateral, by the way. Oh Wait, sorry, why is there? Ignore this, ignore this. You don't have that. Um Yeah. L and then these are septal and then you've got a big a here which would be anterior and this would be inferior. Uh Okay. I'm broadly confused you guys, I was gonna say so that, that, that is a way which I know a lot of people like to remember it. But uh if so I'm quite a visual person, some people are and I prefer to visualize the heart in my head for kind of all the students who like to do that as well. So the best way I like to separate it is your v want to be six or, or your leads that look at your heart from the front of it and kind of almost like on a horizontal plane. So if your heart was kind of sitting right in front of you and you're staring at it kind of from the front, like if you, if you had a person in front of you, really, that's how they look at them and your B one looks at it right from the front as if I'm staring a person directly at them. And then as you kind of progress towards your V six leads, you kind of move around the patient to look at the heart from where the left side of the heart would be. So you almost like kind of, it's almost like having a camera and panning it around the patient with each lead, sort of being a specific segment where it's looking at them sort of uh progressing towards looking for closer and closer towards the left side. So your V one to V four looks at it from like the front of it and then your V 52 V six. I like to think. Well, the last two leads are obviously going to end up at the left side of the heart. So they're going to look at it from the lateral aspect. So that's your V one to V six and then all your other ones, which is your 123 A V L A V F and all those, they look at the heart from kind of a sort of vertical plane. So almost as if you're looking at the patient from the side. So your one comes in where the left ventricle would be. So at the left side of the patient and then it sort of splits up into your one aVL which is basically is uh your um uh I think of V for ventricle and then L for left. So it looks at it at the left ventricle. So at the left side, so it goes one A V L2 which is sort of looking at the, the heart kind of from the underneath aspect. AVF I like to think of F as being full. So it's, it's where the heart would almost fall if there was nothing stopping it. So F is from the bottom and then three is kind of from the bottom as well. If anyone wants me to go through the visual thing at the end or something, I'm happy to do that. As I've always learned, I've always kind of remembered it that way just because it's in my head, easier to visualize that the remembering the nuance, like which ones are the, are, which ones are the L and S and stuff. But uh yeah. Okay. Um oh, and one more thing um with latte, so lateral lead as an L for left coronary artery inferior would be the other one which would be right coronary and these ones would be the biggest one which is uh left anterior descending. That's the easiest way to remember which artery is effective. Okay. Right. So, yeah, this is why I was trying to draw, I know I didn't draw it well. Um But anyway, moving on, finally Cutie Inderal and you, we've um so roll along Q T and rules then tend to happen because of like mostly medications. So, antipsychotics and your, your own T C A microlight. Um You could also have congenital, prolonged QT interval um or you could have electrolyte deficiency. So, hypochelemia, hypermagnesemia and hypercalcemia that those could cause prolonged QT interval if you want to figure out. So they say 4 50 milliseconds um that QT interval has to be less than that. But if you're in an escape, E I don't know about you guys, but I really have never actually calculated the seconds because I think it takes a bit too long from, from ahead. Um So you could potentially just be like, oh, if the TV, beyond like the midpoint of to our, our interval, then, you know, for sure it's prolonged. So that's one way you can do it. You waive on the other hand, um literally just an extra wave after a team, we've um sometimes it could be normal uh for certain people or, or else it could be because of hypochelemia, hypothermia. Um Sorry, I know I have rushed through a little bit uh but feel free to ask any questions or one of you can actually try and present it now based on whatever we've learned. And this would be a good practice for you for your escape someone other than that because she tried it before anyone brave, anyone want to try practice. I'll give it a go go for it. Um So to start off with you, confirm that, you know, the correct patient, uh the date um that the issue has taken uh data, the details like date of breath of the patient, the E C T speed. Um So once you confirmed all of that, um well, then start by assessing the rate from the rhythm strip. Um So I could just, I mean, the rhythm looks regular, so I could just do 300 divided by the number of squares between curious complexes that maybe about 312 by two is about 150 BPM. That's tachycardic. Um The rhythm appears to be regular. Um Although I can't see any P waves. So I don't know if that's sign, I think that means it's not sinus rhythm um in terms of access. So I think that's um so from looking at least one, at least three, I don't know that I think is that, is that normal access or right access? I don't think um not 100% sure on that. Um And then in terms of the intervals, so look at the rhythm strip, uh the QRS complex is so the P ways are, can't see any few ways the cure is complex, don't appear to be particularly broad or narrow. Um It appears to be a degree of um compete V two and V three. It looks like l elevation. Um And also the curious contractors appear quite, quite wide as well. There appears to be some S T elevation. I do, I do, I don't know if that's correct. Um In particularly too. Um I mean, based off the context of the patient presented, rhythm is thinking uh like maybe your P E. Uh so in terms of P E E, you know, the classic findings of the pe and the C D something like tachycardia would be uh expected. So I think that maybe this is like pe and the main finding would be the tachycardia good, good. Um Just based in um what we talked about. Uh remember how we talked about access and this is open to everyone one by the way. Um If it's pe what access are we thinking? This would be? What, what access division possibly? Yeah. Right. Access deviation. Good. And while access deviation do we have here? Good. So, um so it was their first of all. Yeah, well done. That was good. Um And definitely well done for the courage in trying to present in front of everyone. Um But yeah, so you're right. It's tachycardic. Uh rhythm would be regular, I would say actually, and then we would go into axis which is, as you all correctly mentioned on the chart, it's reaching. So that's actually right. Axis deviation. Does that make sense? Okay. Yeah, I'm sorry. Just to clarify when you're assessing the access it leads one and two that you use rather than made one and three. No, you do one and two. You don't look at three. Yeah. Okay. Thank you. Um Okay. So, yep. And then we went through, we need to go through p too Yeah, throughout the whole thing. Um One big question that I was gonna ask what, what's this, what's going on here? Well, I mean, in my head, I don't have a complicated anyone. Yeah. Um Yeah. So uh I was gonna say the flatline. Yeah, it could mean know heartbeat but no, it's, it's just one leads so possibly lead, fell, fell off it. Okay. So these are the answers. So the rate was 60. That's good. Okay. So the rate was 60. Um You guys can go over it later on. Uh If you want. Rhythm is regular. Um I know access, wait, hold on. That's the wrong one. Asthma. I think it is the wrong one. I will change the slides. I'll put the actual answer it. Uh But yeah, definitely is the wrong one. Um But yeah, just um I'll add the upload the answers to metal. Um And most likely diagnosis is P E so well done. Well done. Forgetting that. Okay. Um Yeah, this is not for me. I got it from the power putting template but I thought it could work. Uh But either way coming up, um as we said, we're gonna do data interpretation and pharmacology and if you have any other ideas as to what you need to cover, what do you need us to cover? Just let us know. But if you can kindly feel in the feedback form, that would be great. And if you have any questions just feel free to ask on chat or you can um meat, no problem. And I hope I didn't confuse you guys. Could I just ask a quick question um in the ski? Um I know you said at the beginning or it was on the sides to sort of state the most obvious abnormality first, if you can sort of tell what it is straight away. Um, if you get the abnormality correct, will they let you keep talking? Because I know my Mycoskie, the person that was marking me just said, like, what's the abnormality? Just get to it? Um, when I was trying to take a systematic approach. So I wasn't sure from like your experience if they, as soon as you've got it, do they sort of shut you off and give you the marks or, or should you just always keep going? Good question? My, I would say that the, so I would say that the examiner actually shouldn't have necessarily said that because from my experience, like in my actual lists, K, I had, I had something like that in my mark sk but in my actual lists, K, they will not stop you unless they really have to. And like it's time pressure, they need you to move on, but they will not stop you. Even if you're like talking, talking, talking, they'll normally just let you let you run on until there's like a pause from you. And you say that's, that, that's what I had from my actual risking. So that's what I think. I know there's going to be the opposite of what Roland is actually saying. But for my actual Lyski, I had the opposite, um, experience, um, I've had stations as you said, where they were like, oh, let's do it quick and it kind of made sense because I think there was not much time and examiners do have a responsibility to get you through the whole station because if not they can't mark you. Um So if I think if they say it then just answer their question, but if they don't then go into a proper detail. Ok, fab thank you both from them. Mhm. Uh Movie. Are you that I? Oh yeah. Um Do you have any questions? Oh, no, I didn't. Yeah. Thank you so much for this and also added me onto the teaching. Yeah, no problem. Thank you. Bye then. No problem. Bye Roland. I just checked my email and I think a couple of, oh, wait, can you stop the recording? Mhm.