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Okie Doke. I think we'll get started. I hope you guys can hear me, let me know if you have any issues. Um, so my name is I'm one of the F ones and today I'm gonna go into a bit about diabetes. So it is aimed at final years, but it also means that it's quite concise and will be the essentials of what you need to know throughout med school. So diabetes, I would say is something that's worth spending your time on because it can be in a lot of your M CQ MLA questions. But also it is quite a big OS station. So oftentimes you'll be in a situation as your own GP and you're counseling someone who's just been diagnosed or has just been started on a new medication. And so it's good to have an understanding of how we treat it and how it actually works. So you can explain that to the patient. Um So today is gonna be part one of the talk because it's such a huge talk. Um, but we were gonna go through, sorry. Um, the following things. So we'll first go through normal blood glucose control. Um, in a healthy person. So you know what to expect. And then we'll go through what goes wrong with type one and type two diabetes. Then we'll go through how to diagnose it, the treatment for it. And we can talk through a couple of special types of diabetes. Um, before we jump into some SB questions. So to start with, I'm just gonna show you an example of a question that you could get. So I'll just read it out for you. So it's a 40 year old female comes to the GP clinic for a routine health check. She reports that she feels well in herself has a background of iron deficiency, anemia, chronic kidney disease, stage three heart failure and psoriasis. Her HBA1C result comes back as 59 millimoles per M. What is the next most important step? So you can see in your options, you've got a variety of medications that you can start. You can repeat the HBA1C test or you can refer them for some dietary advice with the carbohydrate counting course. So you may or may not know the answer to this question at this point. But by the end of the session, we're gonna aim to be able to answer this with some confidence. So take a couple of seconds to have a look at this to gather your thoughts of what you think it might be and we can come back to this at the end and see if it's matched up with what you thought and just to add, if you have any questions at any point, just put it into the chat and I'll e either stop throughout the session and answer them if it's relevant to that slide or I'll come back to it at the end. Okie Doke. So let's move on to be your answers in mind. So let's talk a bit about what normally happens um in the homeostasis of blood glucose control. So our most important organ for this is gonna be our pancreas. So our pancreas looks if you zoomed in a bit like this. So it has this cluster of cells called the islets of lan hands. And inside it, we've got two main cell types that are involved in blood sugar control. So we've got our alpha cells and our beta cells and they're antagonistic. So they do the opposite of each other. Um They also have as well as the ability to release the hormones that are gonna control our blood glucose. They also have the receptors themselves to detect a rise or a fall in blood glucose. So with as with any process, we're gonna start off with a stimulus that happens. So for example, let's say our blood sugar rises and that is detected by receptors on the alpha and beta cells in the pancreas. So in response to that our beta cells will secrete insulin. So insulin is a hormone that will travel through the bloodstream and it attacks, well, not attacks but has its effect on two main sets of target cells. So the first area it goes to is your muscles. So its aim is to.