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Hi, everyone. Thanks so much for joining this evening. So we're starting a couple of minutes late. Um I'm just gonna wait for a few more people to enter and join the call and then we'll get going with some case. 17. Mhm. Ok, brilliant. Hi, everyone. Um So I'm Eliza. I'm a third year medical student at Cardiff. Thanks so much for joining us this evening and sorry about having to um rearrange the session. I'm doing a bit of everything today so I'm trying to moderate and run the session so please bear with me. Um I'm sorry if it's a bit of a slow start. Um but I think we'll just dive straight in and get, get onto it. So um if you could let me know um when you see my screen, I can't really want to look at um as I'm presenting, but I will do my best. Um ok, so hopefully you guys can see my screen now. Ok. Is someone able to just confirm that? Yeah, I can see it? Oh, brilliant. Thank you so much. Ok, you make stop them. Ok. So as I said, I and I'm gonna be taking us through some case 17 this evening. So what are we gonna cover? These are all os, we're gonna be looking at the kidney. Um, first of all the anatomy of the kidney and a quick guide to some AK is I'll then take you through the RA system, which is quite a high yield topic. We'll look at G fr and some acid base balance and ABG S. Um, I am just gonna log on to the zoom on another device. So hopefully I will be able to monitor the chat a bit better. Sorry, just bear with me. Yeah, sorry about this other one. What I'll do as well, I'll um be popping the feedback form in the chat at some point and then you guys will be able to catch up with all the slides. Um and we've had unfortunately, um one of the speakers to ha to have to drop out due to illness. So what's going to happen is the second half of the session um will be available online afterwards about those guys, but it's gonna be really helpful if I can see the chat at the same time. Ok. That ok, I'm just gonna start because I'm conscious of time and I'm gonna have to try and manage everything all at once. Ok? Sorry about all of these guys. Thank you so much for being with me. Ok, so when I go through the kidney I'm going to be having, can I sorry, can everyone see my reno. Yeah, we can see it. And is it on L OL 01, the kidney, um, it just says AOS and then the kidneys and ak I like an overview. Ok. Is this better now? Yeah, that's it, right? OK. Thank you so much um, for engaging, right? We'll get going. So, as you can see this is the anatomy of the kidney and you guys, I'm sure you're all very familiar with this. Now, um much to your um this appointment, I'm sure however, a few important points. So we have the renal artery and the renal vein. Now, the renal artery, as you know is important for delivering oxygenated blood to the kidney. And if we have disruption here, that can often lead to a dysfunction in the kidney, we then have the renal vein which like all other veins in the body. This is removing blood from the ki kidney and kind of acting as a bit of a filter. The renal capsule is the outermost fibrous connected tissue and this is encapsulating the kidney and then the cortex is the outer layer of functional kidney tissue. So the capsule, outer fibrous connective tissue, the cortex is just the outer layer. We then have the medulla, which is the inner layer. And within these, we have renal pyramids, the renal pelvis, which is where the urine is collected. And then we have the ureters and that's connecting our kidney to the bladder for the excretion of urine. And then as we can see on the screen here, this is the most important part. And this is what is often focused on physiology. The Nephron, um this is the functional unit of the kidney. Ok. And this is what is actually producing our urine. So it's filtering fluid out of the glomerulus through a process called. Can anyone tell me or put it in the chat? What process filters urine it? We, it's quite a high pressure circuit and it's squeezing out important things out of the bay's capsule. Can anyone tell me what that process?