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Hey, guys, this is Yazmin on. Welcome to the screen. Cars on the arterial supply of the upper limb and venous drainage are learning. Abductors today are to discuss the landmarks at which the subclavian, exhilarate and brickell arteries are formed. Discuss the blood supply of the humeral head, talked to the blood supply to the forearm and hand, and finally briefly discussed a pill. Um, venous drainage. Make sure you use the screening to follow along on. Let's get into it. Firstly, we need to appreciate the clinical importance off arteries off a pill. Um, as they are convenient for assessing heart rates, BP and accessing the heart's four Codec procedures like angiography and plus D in terms of our rent a shin. At the moment, we are looking at the right side off the upper limb from an anterior perspective. Most of the upper limit blood supply is from the subclavian. Artery is we have the left and right one. In the circumstance, we're only gonna be seen the right one because you really got the right upper lobe in view. So clay via an artery passes under the Pravachol, which is here to then enter the exhilarate. Once a subclavian artery is passed under the clavicle, it becomes exhilarate artery because we could see you. The exhilarate artery splits into three parts. The brachial artery, which we can see here. The interior circumplex brunch on the posterior circumplex branch, which we can see more clearly in this more posterior view. The anterior and posterior second flex branches and circle the superior part off the shaft of the humerus, just inferior to the shoulder joint, which they supply. The brachial artery provides the main blood supply to the arm. It's largest branch is the Profunda branch I, which is a deep tree off the arm. Just the quickly note. I've got an image on the bottom left hand side, which I will enlarge so you can clearly see this emerging. Concede that the scapular and it's covering of muscles of richly supplied by scapular arteries, which anastomose meaning link up to ensure efficient constant supply. So back to the brachial artery, the brachial artery crosses the elbow joint at the cubital fossa, and it divides to give the radial and all my arteries. We consider that the radial artery runs on the lateral side off the four arm compared to the owner artery, which runs on the medial side of the forearm. The ulnar artery gives rise to a branch called the Common Interosseous Artery, which immediately branches the form the anterior and posterior into restaurants arteries, which we can see here at this posterior of you. The posterior pierces the superior region off the interosseous membrane and passes distantly on it's mysterious surface. The anterior interosseous runs distantly on the anterior surface off the interosseous membrane between shots of radius and ulna. All of these arteries have local branch is the supply tissues adjacent to them on all the large arteries in the forearm passed to the wrist, which they crossed to enter the hand. When the arteries off the four arm crossed the wrist, they form arterial arches. The radio on all my arteries contributes to Palmer Artur's, the Depo march on the superficial on the arch. The anterior interosseous artery also contributes to the par martyrs. In terms of the posterior aspect of the rest in hand, the posterior interosseous crosses the rest and forms the dorsal carpal arch, which also receives a contribution from the radio artery. The's arches supply the local tissues by giving numerous branches the digits Palmer and dorsal digital arteries. So now we've covered learning objectives 123 that are associated with the arterial supply. Let's now move on to our last learning objective, which is to discuss venous drainage, which is similar to arterial drainage. Veins off the upper limb are named the same as arteries, but they just changed to bein so if we take unexamined all, we have the supply, even artery there. My next one is the subclavian vein. Upper limb venous return occurs by deep return accompanying the arteries onto superficial baton on the limb surface. Examples of deep veins include exhilarate, sir Previa and break hill posterior second flax anterior circumplex radio on all no veins. Deep veins and arteries pass through the upper limb together, but the blood flows in opposite directions. So whereas the arterial flow is proximal to distal, venous flow is opposite distilled approximal. Many off the deep veins are not actually singular veins, but are rather Vienna competent says on I've gone image here too. Show you what I mean by this. So I mean a comment on today's our veins. Which company arteries as groups of smaller veins instead of a single thing. So if we enlarged this, you can see we have the artery here on. We have three veins circulating it. Onda. These venous competently veins are usually impairs, but as we can see, this example are in sometimes groups of three and four. They tend to be connected by smaller veins, as we can also see in the image. This arrangement means that vessels are intimately associated, and it's believed that the pulsations off the arteries have increased venous flow. This arrangement also allows the heat exchange, so blood that has been called by the extremities can be warmed on its way to the trunk. I'll now shown example of a V e n a comment on says So here we have the ulnar artery, and around it are the ulnar veins, which are formed in the Vienna competent, a arrangement we can see. There's a pair of them and they connected by a small of 80. So this is an example, so that's deep vein return. In terms of superficial venous return. The veins involved are the basilic cephalic and also digital veins. The pattern off superficial venous return involves small veins in digits, draining into a superficial network on the doors off hand, which then forms too large veins from the rest. There were in approximately up the arm, the Cephalic vein, which one slash really on basilic vein, which ones medially in the elbow region anterior to the Cubital fossa. Most people have a vein that connects basilic and cephalic pains. Called the Media and Cubital Vein. This is routinely used as a site for panic, puncture or taking bloods if suitable. After entering the arm, the basilic vein pierces pressure to go deep to draw in the Benicar me tantas off the break your veins and forms a large basilic vein. The cephalic pain continues to pass along the lateral aspect of the arm, and it then passes between deltoid and pectoral muscles, which appears to local Vasher to drain into the exhilarate vein just before the exhilarate vein passes under the clavicle. To them become the subclavian day. So that's everything we've discussed. The landmarks of which the subclavian exhilarate and break your arteries are formed. We've talked through the blood supply to the humeral head four arm and hand on finally discussed upper limb venous drainage. If you have any questions? Feel free to let me know if this helped you. Make sure you fill in the quick few bucks survey so we can see what we're doing. Well and how we can improve. See you in the next video happy and asked me revising.