Computer generated transcript

Warning!
The following transcript was generated automatically from the content and has not been checked or corrected manually.

UPPERLIMB REVISION NOAH SAGUA saguano@cardiff.ac.ukBones Mrs Lewis, a 73-year-old lady comes into A+E after a fall. She is triaged and goes for X ray 1. Describe this X ray Framework: https://oscestop.com/Musculoskeletal_radiograph_generic.pdf 2. What anatomical structure might this fracture damage? Which muscle is likely to be affected as a result?3. Label the features of this diagram 4. Name the weakest point of the clavicle 5. Match the radial fracture to the correct description, X ray and deformity Complete fracture of distal end of the radius with Galeazzi dorsal displacement fracture Colle’s fracture Fracture of the distal end of the radius with the ulna head dislocating at the radio-ulnar joint Monteggia Fracture of the proximal 1/3 of fracture the ulna with dislocation of the proximal head of radius Complete fracture of distal Smith’s fracture end of the radius with anterior displacement 6. What type of joint is the elbow joint? Muscles 7. Name the 4 muscles of the rotator cuff 8. Label this diagram 9. What is the function of the palmar interosseous muscles? Palmar interosseous muscles Dorsal interosseous muscles 10. Label this diagram 11. Fill in the blanks (RED WILL BE BLANKED OUT)11 Fill in the gaps Muscle Innervation Main Actions Pectoralis Major Lateral and medial pectoral nerves Pectoralis Minor Stabilises scapula by drawing inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall Long thoracic Protracts scapula and holds against thoracic wall Rotates scapula Superficial Trapezius Elevates, depresses and retracts scapula Latissimus dorsi Thoracodorsal Deep Levator Dorsal scapula scapulae Cervical spinal nerves Dorsal scapular Retracts scapula Fix scapula to thoracic wall Rotate scapula Shoulder Deltoid Anterior – flexes and medially rotates shoulder joint Middle – abducts shoulder joint Posterior – extends and lateral rotation of shoulder joint Teres Major Lower subscapular Rotator Cuff Suprascapular Abduction of first 15 degrees of shoulder joint and assists deltoid Acts with other rotator cuff muscle to stabilise glenohumeral joint Suprascapular Laterally rotates shoulder joint Help hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula Axillary “ Upper and lower Medially rotates and adducts shoulder joint subscapular Helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity Arm Biceps brachii Musculocutaneous Brachialis Flexes elbow joint in all positions Coracobrachialis Helps flex and adduct shoulder joint Resists dislocation of shoulder Triceps brachii Extensor of elbow Long head extends shoulder joint and resists dislocation of humerus Anterior Forearm Superficial Pronator Teres Median Flexor carpi Flexes and abducts hand at wrist radialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi Flexes and adducts hand at wrist ulnaris Intermediate Flexor Flexes wrist joint digitorum Flexes proximal interphalangeal joints of superficialis middle 4 digits Flexes proximal phalanges at metacarpophalangeal joints Deep Flexor Lateral: Median digitorum Medial: Ulnar profundus Median Flexes wrist Flexes metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints of thumb Median Pronates forearm Deep fibres bind radius and ulna together Posterior Forearm Superficial Brachioradialis Radial Extensor carpi Extend and abduct wrist joint radialis longus Extensor carpi “ radialis brevis Active during fist clenching Extensor Radial Extend wrist joint digitorum Extend medial four fingers primarily at metacarpophalangeal joints, secondarily at interphalangeal joints Extensor digiti Radial Extend wrist joint minimi Extend 5th finger primarily at metacarpophalangeal joint, secondarily at interphalangeal joint Extensor carpi Extends and adducts wrist joint ulnaris (Active in fist clenching) Deep Supinator Radial ‘Outcropping’ muscles of deep layer Abductor Radial Extends wrist joint pollicis longus Abducts thumb and extend it at carpometacarpal joint Extensor pollicis Radial Extends wrist joint longus Extends distal phalanx of thumb at interphalangeal joint Extends metacarpophalangeal and carpometacarpal joints Extensor pollicis Radial Extends wrist joint brevis Extends proximal phalanx of thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint Extends carpometacarpal joint Extensor indicis Extends wrist Extends 2 nd Hand Thenar Opponens Median Oppose thumb pollicis Draws thumb medially to centre of palm Medial rotation Abductor Median Abducts thumb pollicis brevis Helps to oppose it Flexor pollicis brevis Adductor Ulnar Adducts thumb towards lateral border of pollicis thumb Hypothenar Abductor digiti Abduct 5 finger minimi Assist of flexion of its proximal phalanx Flexor digiti Flexes proximal phalanx of 5 finger minimi Opponens digiti Draws 5 metacarpal anterior and rotates it, th minimi bringing 5 finger into opposition with the thumb Short Lumbricals 1 and 2 – median 3 and 4 – ulnar Dorsal Ulnar interossei 1-4 Palmar Ulnar interossei 1-3 BloodBlood 12 Label this diagram 13 What are the main contents of the anatomical snuffbox?Nerves 14 Label these 2 structures Case Mrs Knerv is a 32-year-old diabetic lady, in the 3 and final stage of labour on the labour ward. Previous scans and measurements have suggested her baby is rather large for its dates. It is in cephalic presentation. During delivery the baby becomes stuck in the birth canal. The junior doctor assisting with delivery applies traction to the head to help the delivery along. Their supervisor warns him not to pull too hard on the baby’s neck. 15 What nerve palsy might the supervisor be concerned with? 16 What nerve roots are involved? Nerves17 What nerve palsy is this? 18 Label the brachial plexusReferences Moore’s Essential Clinical Anatomy Teach Me Anatomy Learning central anatomy resources (Hannah Shaw)