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Osteology of the head and neck • Describe and identify: • the bones and osteological features of the calvarium and skull Learning • middle and posterior cranial fossaeanterior, Outcomes • the bones and bony features of the base of the skull • the openings within the base of the skull 22 SKULL 14 8 VISCEROCRANIUM NEUROCRANIUM CALVARIUM BASESutures Bregma LambdaFaceOsteological Features • Frontal bone • Superciliary arches • Supraorbital margin • Glabella • Maxilla • Hard palate • Infraorbital foramina • Occipital bone • Occipital condyles • External occipital protuberance • Superior nuchal line Osteological Features cont • Temporal Bone • Zygomatic bone • Zygomatic • Temporal process of process of temporal bone zygomatic bone • Superior & Inferior temporal lines • External meatusic • Mastoid process • Styloid processThe Orbit • 7 Bones • Frontal • Greater wing of sphenoid • Ethmoid • Lacrimal • Zygomatic • Maxilla • Palatine • Supraorbital notch • Superior & inferior orbital fissures • Optic CanalAnterior Cranial Fossa • Bones: • Frontal • Ethmoid • Sphenoid Boundaries: Anterior – Frontal bone Middle – Ethmoid bone Posterior – Body and lesser wings of Sphenoid bone Location: Supports frontal lobes and forms the roof of the orbit Middle Cranial Fossa • Bones: Contents Basal Ganglia. • Sphenoid Cerebrum. • Temporal Cerebellum. • Parietal Meninges. Pineal Gland. Pituitary Gland Middle Cranial Fossa Openings • Optic canal – optic nerve, ophthalmic arteries • Trochlear, Ophthalmic (Va), Abducensr, nerves, ophthalmic veins • Inferior orbital fissure • Foramen rotundum – Maxillary nerve (Vb) • Foramen ovale – Mandibular (Vc) • Foramen spinosum – middle meningeal a & v • Carotid canal • Foramen lacerumMiddle Cranial Fossa Boundaries • Anterior + Lateral • Lesser wings of sphenoid • Anterior + Medial • Limbus of sphenoid • Posterior + Lateral • Superior border of petrous part of temporal bone • Posterior + Medial • Dorsum sellae of sphenoid • Floor • sphenoid greater wing of • Squamous and petrous parts of temporal bonePosterior Cranial Fossa • Clivus • Internal acoustic meatus • Vestibulocochlear nerves • Stylomastoid foramen – facial nerve • Hypoglossal canal • Hypoglossal nerve • Jugular foramen • spinal accessory nerves and • Foramen magnumPosterior Cranial Fossa Boundaries • Anteromedial • Dorsum sellae of sphenoid • Anterolateral • Superior border of petrous part of temporal bone • Posterior • Occipital bone • Floor • Mastoid part of temporal bone • Squamous, condylar and basilar parts of occipital bone Cranial ForaminaExtra Images: