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Anatomy Overview Ping Jing Toong, Zoe Starling, Justin HoAnatomy Overview Study tips Introduction to Anatomy and the Upper Limb Heart Clinical Cases Anatomy ExamA Challenge… Erb-Duchenne PalsyQuick Recap ● Chambers ● Valves ● Vessels ● New view of heart?Right atrium ● Nodes and function. ● What prevents random propagation?Right VentricleLeft Atrium and left ventricleVesselsValves ● Please ask me tomorrow ● Chordae tendineae (AV valves, papillary muscles)Is the heart protected? ● Fibrous ● Serous parietal layer ● Serous visceral layer ● Pericardial cavity.Arterial supply of the heart? ● Muscle and nodes. ● Cardiac dominanceVenous drainage of heart ● Cardiac sinusFetal hearts and circulation ● 1V, 2A ● Tetralogy of Fallot.Adaptations to overcome ● Foramen Ovale ● Ductus Arteriosus ● Ductus VenosusClinical scenarios ● Coronary bypass. ● Heart block.PDA vs CoAClinical Cases Superficial Vascular Infection Trauma Autoimmune Metabolic Idiopathic Deep Neoplastic CongenitalScenario 1 A 25 year old male is admitted to A&E with chest pain and shortness of breath following a road traffic accident. What may the underlying cause of this be?Potentially Pneumothorax: Trauma Dissect the question! Rib fractures Hamman’s sign Flail chestSevere case: Cardiac Tamponade Life-threatening Compress heart, decreased cardiac output Penetrating woundTraumatic Aortic DissectionDifferential diagnoses? Fat embolism Haemothorax Chylothorax Lung Contusions Lung lacerations Diaphragmatic ruptureScenario 2 A 35 year old female presents to the GP with lower abdominal pain. What may the underlying cause of this be?What is in the lower abdominal region???What could go wrong with these structures???Appendicitis Inflammation of appendix History of pain McBurney’s point Different positions of appendixDifferential Diagnoses Ureteric Colic Mesenteric adenitis Ovarian torsion IBD: Crohn’s or Ulcerative colitis Meckel’s Diverticulum Urinary tract infectionStudy Tips ● Instant anatomy ● Prosections ● AnkiAnatomy ExamQuestions?Feedback, Thank you!