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Infectious disease. Can we get all of your cameras on, please? I'm kidding. Uh No cameras on. I don't expect any interaction. I'm sure you're on your be right now, but just maybe put into the chart. There's a few MC keys, a few questions here and there put what you think into the, into the group chart that might be handy. So let's get started then. OK. So just most of these slides are made in such a way that you can revise it before your actual exam. There's just enough to skim through. Now, infectious disease are the subject for the UK MS. You won't get a bunch of questions. But just from memory, there were a good few questions based on microbiology. So there were questions based on antibiotics, gram positive, gram negative bacteria. So just have a general idea of different antibiotic classes, what you use different antibiotics for and just no basic microbiology. With that being said, uh if you don't have a lot of time and you skip a few things, you won't lose a huge bunch of marks. So I'm sure you have the syllabus for today. So I'm just gonna run through a few quick topics. It shouldn't take too long. So we're going to go through your im your flu, your measles, your M I your virus, zoster and whooping cough. So not a whole lot to go through, but let's get started with our learning objectives. So again, just a brief understanding, a description of the infective disease, the management and being able to do MCQ S based on that will be a priority at this stage. Uh Knowing how to describe modes of transmission is helpful when you doing MT Qs and diagnostic criteria is quite important for a few of those. Uh I believe the way they do infectious disease is usually there's a lot of co question between pediatrics and even S and Gynae. So questions like a pregnant mother, get this infection, what would you do or a child in? Has these presenting findings? What could be the disease? And those are the types of questions you could expect. So that would be quite fun to start off with a question. Just your box standard. Uh pass me question. Really? So I'll give you about 30 seconds to read, read through it. And if you just wanna put into the chart maybe. Oh oops. So can you see the chart? I can't. Yeah. Yeah, I can see the chart and just no one. Is there anything on there? Yeah. Oh sorry something I was replying to no answers to the question yet. So, so does anyone want to shout it out. OK. So one saying it's mono. Yeah, perfect. So, infection, mon mucosis is done. So any idea why you wouldn't expect a ll, so, I suppose with a, you, you wouldn't have such a short history and you'd probably have a good going pancytopenia. You might get lethargy, you might get uh lymphadenopathy with your A L but you won't get this subacute kind of picture uh just with any MCQ. Then your things you hear, I say, you know, you're thinking kissing disease, you're thinking sti you're thinking I am, that's the kind of rude you should go down. There are very pathic words they try to throw into the MCQ with that being said when I started the UK MLA, I found that the questions stand to a very, very short, very, very vague. So you need to know what the disease was in and out to be able to pick up those key words or a decent answer. The questions tend to weren't as long as your past me questions. That's what I found. Uh again, it wouldn't be HIV sero conversion because there's really no, no pointing factors to that kind of ST it's a very subacute picture and your atypical lymphocytes are quite specific to your uh infectious mononucleosis. In addition to your bi your lethargy, pyrexia and lymphadenopathy uh talking about your blood film. I suppose it is more relevant if you're sitting examined by the. Um So this is what you would see in a blood film. This is this is called, there is a predominant the downy type two cells. You don't need to know that just a little bit of extra tidbit. So I'll give you time to read all that in your own time. But like I said, the main thing you need to know about. I am also referred to as mono or glandular fever is your cryo fever, pharyngitis and lymphadenopathy. So the two pictures over there, the one on my left is a good going anterior lymphadenopathy. And the one on your right is a good going pharyngitis. Unlike they're unlikely to give you pictures such as these, but it is good to know just for general clinical practice. Another way they could ask you the question is they can give you all the symptoms, they might give you a picture and ask you what the causative agent is. So remember, I am ebb infectious mononucleosis, Epstein Barr virus management like outlined here is generally quite supportive. And another quite an important thing to note is the risk of plan rupture. So that is you, you generally advise people not to play any contact sports, no rugby. And so those sorts of things for eight weeks, that is a very uh that, that is another very common question they can ask you uh moving on just a quick note about transmission, you can read that in your own time knowing about complications for im I don't think is the most highest eel thing, but they can give you a picture of hemolytic anemia. Give you a travel history and then ask you what the disease is. So know your basic kind of complications. Hemolytic anemia is a good one. Panic eruption eruption, as I mentioned previously. And again, airway obstruction would be secondary to your pharyngitis or lymphadenopathy. Um again, diagnosis fairly straightforward. I again, I think it's a low yield question. They wouldn't probably ask you, but you can use the mono you know what, as a matter of fact, know about the mono spot test, they might ask you that in M CQ, uh a little bit of the nice guidelines. You, you usually use FBC one for a second week of illness to confirm the diagnosis of the glandular fever itself. Uh moving on a bit boring the flu. But I suppose in actual clinical practice, you see a lot of flu, you see really sick patients with flu, people die from the flu, uh know your transmission. They may ask you call medical questions about infection control and what sort of precaution you should take with a patient with influenza. I'm sure you know about the presentation. It's your classic flu presentation with the myalgia, lethargy, headaches, rhinitis, fevers and pyrexia uh management again, is fairly supportive. I suppose the key thing to note for the management of influenza would be your Tamiflu your Ozal Me. So I don't again, I don't think this would be a high you question but just know who they use it for. It's usually at risk people immunocompromised elderly kidney transplant, those sorts of things. Uh just know what you use for renal impairment and immunocompromise. That is your xana me as opposed to your Tamiflu. Uh there are criteria for Tamiflu. You only give Tamiflu when there is circulating flu virus in the community and their at risk group. I think there was some research showing your end hospital stay is potentially or your end flu course is potentially reduced by about 24 to 48 hours. If you start taking Tamiflu within the 1st 24 to 48 hours of being flu positive, you can also use Tamiflu as a prophylaxis. I believe that one tablet for five days. Uh If you come in contact with a confirmed flu positive person, we usually use a rapid flu PCR or a nasal swab to diagnose flu. And this is a friendly reminder to get vaccinated for the flu. Uh moving on. Uh So I'm just gonna quickly run through. I realize I'm probably rushing through this. You have a lot more time. Uh We'll quickly run through. Mmr So you have measles, mumps, and rubella measles also called Rubeola. A couple of important things for measles. Uh knowing it's an RNA perox virus is useful but not that much, no spread by droplets. Know about the infective program. Know that it is a notifiable disease. This could be an easy pediatric question. They might tell you what, what the diagnosis is and they may ask you about number one, management of contacts, number two, what you do as your next step. So it might be notified.