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4 days ago
MSRA
Question:
A 68-year-old man presents with a 3 month history of progressive shortness of breath on exertion and ankle swelling. Previous history includes hypertension managed with ACE inhibitors. On examination, there is bilateral pitting edema in his lower extremities and a significant systolic murmur at his left sternal border. An echocardiogram shows left ventricular hypertrophy and a dilated left atrium. What is the likely pathophysiological mechanism?
Options:
A)Cardiac tamponade leading to decreased cardiac output
B)Aortic regurgitation leading to volume overload
C)Primary constriction of the pulmonary arteries causing pulmonary hypertension
D)Secondary mitochondrial atrophy due to tissue ischemia
E)Pressure overload leading to concentric hypertrophy
MSRA
Question:
A 68-year-old man presents with a 3 month history of progressive shortness of breath on exertion and ankle swelling. Previous history includes hypertension managed with ACE inhibitors. On examination, there is bilateral pitting edema in his lower extremities and a significant systolic murmur at his left sternal border. An echocardiogram shows left ventricular hypertrophy and a dilated left atrium. What is the likely pathophysiological mechanism?
Options:
A)Cardiac tamponade leading to decreased cardiac output
B)Aortic regurgitation leading to volume overload
C)Primary constriction of the pulmonary arteries causing pulmonary hypertension
D)Secondary mitochondrial atrophy due to tissue ischemia
E)Pressure overload leading to concentric hypertrophy